The aim of this study was to survey biomass residues which are used as fuel in brick kilns in three cities of central region of Rio Grande do Sul, through a socio-economic survey to ascertain the potential for power generation, as well as its economic viability .The object of study types s biomass (rice husk, wood chips, sawdust and wood), used as a source of fuel in furnaces of 12 potteries. In May 2010, April and August 2011, were collected ash brick kilns in 5 of the 12 surveyed, and analyzed in laboratories values of macro and micro nutrients, and carbon. Other data collected were the average consumption of biomass and average values to produce bricks. One can say that a matrix composed exclusively biomass energy is an interesting alternative analyzed in this study under the conditions of economically and environmentally, we conclude that they are viable use of waste ash as an alternative to continuous improvement of management environment by generating industries to rationalize the use of energy inputs and reduce the level of emissions. The amendment process is intended to generate savings in the purchase of energy inputs purchased in the market and contribute to the expansion of the power generation industry. / O objetivo desse trabalho foi fazer um levantamento de biomassas residuais que são usadas como combustíveis em olarias em três municípios da região central do Rio grande do Sul, através de um questionário sócio econômico para verificar o potencial de geração de energia, bem como sua viabilidade econômica. O objeto de estudo foram tipos de biomassas (casca de arroz, cavaco de madeira, serragem e lenha), utilizados como fonte de combustível em fornos de 12 olarias. Em maio de 2010, abril e agosto 2011, foram feitas coletas de cinzas em 5 olarias das 12 pesquisadas, sendo analisadas em laboratórios valores de macro e micronutrientes, e carbono. Outros dados levantados foram o consumo médio de biomassa na produção e valores médios para produzir tijolos. Pode-se afirmar que uma matriz energética exclusivamente composta por biomassa é uma alternativa interessante nas condições analisadas neste estudo, do ponto de vista econômico e ambiental, os resultados permitem concluir que são viáveis o uso de resíduos de cinzas como alternativa de melhoria continua do gerenciamento ambiental pelas indústrias geradoras no sentido de racionalizar a utilização de insumos energéticos e diminuir o nível de emissão de poluentes. Esta alteração de processo tem como finalidade gerar economias na aquisição de insumos energéticos adquiridos no mercado e contribuir para a expansão da base de geração de energia da indústria.

Diploma thesis, in its introduction, describes the expression biomass and the ways of its production from various sources, focused particularly on waste biomass In the following part it deals with the description of its origin and the advantages of its usage. It describes the usage of biomass in the world as well as in the Slovak Republic. It also looks into the possibilities of processing of biomass and the following use at heat and electricity production. In its last part this work describes, on particular examples, the usage of biomass in electricity and heat production, from businesses with high power to its usage in houses.

The diploma thesis deals with computer simulation of processes in the field of energy utilization of waste and biomass. The first part contains description of energy utilization from waste and biomass and fundamental devices of energy systems. There is also described methodology of modeling and techniques used for processes simulation. The next part is focused on mathematical models explanation of processes with constant and variable efficiency. In practical work are compared results from individual considered mathematical models with real data which were obtained from the real operation of waste energy plant. With use of gained mathematical models is considered model situation of cogeneration in the device of biomass and coal co-firing. At the end of this work is suggested implementation of created mathematical models into simulation program W2E.