Global ETD Search

501	Stressprevention & Agil transformation : Prevention av organisatoriska rotorsaker till stress genom införandet av det Agila arbetssättet inom en högteknologisk multinationell svensk koncern Fritz, Minanda January 2018 (has links) Background: The Swedish Royal School of Technology (KTH) was hired to conduct a pilot study project on stress prevention, "Stress Prevention Project" in a Swedish high-tech global manufacturing company with headquarters in Sweden. The aim was to identify the root causes of stress among employees at the organizational level and to offer a way to prevent the root causes. The initiative to implement the project came from the HR department in the company. The occupational health department had not been able to lower the costs of sickness and rehabilitation. One of nine divisions was included in this evaluation study. The project was carried out during the years of 2012-2014, and three quantitative stress measurements were carried out using the modern working environment form “Modern Work Life” based of knowledge from KTH and designed by Metodicum. The present study has evaluated the root causes of the division's stress. In the division, it was stated that the risk areas that the division had to work with were: resources, demands, control, support but also leadership and reorganization with implementing the Agile methods (autonomous work) in the form of. The aim was to improve the psychosocial occupational health and to make the production work more efficient. Aim: The aim was to evaluate the effect of stress preventive measures in one of the nine divisions (that were included in the overall project) and the effect of implementing the Agile methods (autonomous work) in the organization. Limitations: The evaluation is restricted to one of the nine divisions. Method: The method is a quantitative and qualitative case study, with a narrative approach. The study includes a division with 200 employees of which data was collected from 18 of these employees in two focus groups interviews. Materials have also been collected from interviews with the division's HR director, section leader, head of unit and head of the organization's business health. The evaluation is based on qualitative data, which were obtained through 3 single interviews and 4 focus group interviews and participant observation. Quantitative data were obtained through three different measurements (between 2012-14). The quantitative data were compared and analyzed with the qualitative data in order to understand the results up to the final measurement 3 (2014). Results: The evaluation of the stress prevention – where the focus was to prevent risk areas including demands, develop resources, control, support and also leadership – showed that introducing and using the Agile working principles had had a significant positive effect on all the risk areas. Additionally, this change in the organization contributed to positive results regarding the efficiency of the production process; a reduction of working hours from 12 months to 2 weeks of action at the same result. The absence due to illness and rehabilitation has been decreasing from 4 % to 0,5-1% right after introducing the Agile methods in the division. However, the results also showed no improvement regarding some other working environment; as conflicts and bullying persisted. This may be due to how the reorganization of the groups was done. It should be clarified that the outcomes may be influenced by the extensive reorganization that took place in connection with the stress prevention project and the introduction of the agile approach. Conclusions - The stress prevention could not have been done efficiently due to other on-going reorganizations in the company and the staff has not been able to follow the recommendation for efficient stress-prevention due to lack of support from the headquarter. That created a crisis in the stress prevention-project group. The agile methods seem to have had a significant good result in all risk areas as resources, demands, control, support and also leadership and the absence has decreased from 4 to 0,5 %. Due to the agile methods have the productions process been shorter from 12 months to 2 weeks. agile methods ergonomics organizational development organisational development agile organizational stress stress prevention scrum autonomous groups democratization leadership systematic work environment systematic psychosocial work environment efficiency efficient production processes stressprevention Företagshälsovård KBT rehabilitering stressbehandling stressforskning ledningsgrupp IT-konsult systemutveckling syfte och värderingar företagskultur organisationskultur primär stressprevention stressprevention KANBAN agil agilt agilt arbete agil transformation organisationsutveckling konsultativt ledarskap LEAN KAIZEN effektivitet agilt ledarskap coachande ledarskap hållbart ledarskap ergonomi organisatorisk stress agila arbetsmetoder skrum självstyrande grupper demokratisering ledarskap effektivitet effektiva produktionsprocesser scrum
502	Relationen mellan WHO:s globala aidsprogram och ickestatliga organisationer : Kan bristen på samarbete förklaras utifrån new interdependence approach eller medlemsstaternas agerande? / Relations Between WHO Global Programme on AIDS and NGOs : Can the lack of cooperation be explained by new interdependence approach or the actions of member states? Tengdelius, Daniel January 2023 (has links) This thesis aims to understand why the World health organization’s Global programme on aids (WHO GPA) does not appear to be able to collaborate with non-governmental actors (NGO), even though booth WHO GPA and NGO`s appears to value and seek cooperation. The purpose of this thesis is to examine whether the lack of cooperation between WHO GPA and NGO: s can be explained using new interdependence approach or if the actions of WHO´s member states v. The selected case in this thesis is WHO GPA which existed from 1987 to 1995 and represents the first anti-aids program supported by UN and its member states. WHO GPA is therefore active in a policy area where a lot of interactions with NGO: s could be expected. To analyse the apparent lack of cooperation between WHO GPA and relevant NGO: s, this article will apply the theories new interdependence approach and neorealism. To explain the research questions, how does the interaction between WHO GPA and NGO: s appear within the global effort against the aids pandemic, what role did member states have in limiting or enable formal cooperation between WHO GPA and NGO:s and finally how the theory new interdependence approach can explain the interactions between the WHO GPA and NGO: s. To answer the research questions this thesis will apply a qualitative text analysis on material from WHO GPA, for example annual reviews, as well as previous research articles and books that concerns the WHO GPA. The analysis concludes that the interaction between WHO GPA and NGO: s, can be explained with the fact that informal cooperation does appear but not formal cooperation. This appears to be because while booth WHO GPA and NGO: s seeks support and cooperation, the interactions between them is still affected by mistrust. The member state’s role in limiting or enabling cooperation can be answered two levels, globally where powerful states have strong informal powers to control WHO GPA. When NGO: s are granted formal representation, the selection of NGO: s is not representative of the larger NGO community and not in response to cooperation between WHO GPA and NGO:s. Recipient states does also appear to hinder cooperation between NGO:s, WHO GPA and national aids programmes, because of rivalry between the state and NGO over limited aid. Finally, new interdependence approach appears to explain to lack of formal cooperation, because of a lack of distinct resources. However, it cannot explain the cases where NGO: s achieved official representation as the result of cross-national layering. WHO WHO GPA Policy Co-optation cooperation conflict competition NGO International organisation World Health Organisation Donors Tana Johnson new interdependence approach interdependence approach AID Neorealism Realism Interdependent AIDS HIV Values Resources e cross-national layering Policy nternational Bureaucracy international bureaucrats Intergovermental organisations UN United Nations Transnational organisations Non-govermental organisations Representation national aids programmes Rivalty International cooperation AIDS service organization Food and agriculture organization ASO FAO National aids programme NAP National aids control programme NCAP Formal cooperation Informal cooperation official representation informal power WHO Icke-statliga organisationer AIDS HIV Internationella organisationer Världshälsoorganisationen FN Förenta Nationerna Globalisering Samarbete Internationella relationer Offentlig förvaltning Internationella byråkrater Internationell byråkrati icke-statliga organisationer globala aidsprogram WHO:s globala aidsprogram informell makt Bistånd new interdependence approach Interdependence approach Realism Neorealism internationel organisation offentlig förvaltning Statsvetenskap Regelöverlappning möjlighetsstrukturer asymmetrisk makt Givarestater Mottagarestater mottagareländer politiskt samarbete Internationella regler Nationalstat Internationella aktörer transnationella organ Policy Sekretariat Tana Johnson Cross-national layering Sammarbete Konflikt ömsesidigt beroende värld Värderingar Resurser Klassisk Realism Rivalitet Public Administration Studies Studier av offentlig förvaltning Globalisation Studies Globaliseringsstudier
503	Surrogatmodern och den mänskliga värdigheten : En diskursanalys av den statliga utredningen om surrogatmoderskap, ur ett kritiskt postkolonialt feministiskt perspektiv Zanzi Ferrando, Diana January 2019 (has links) Uppsatsen undersöker hur ”SOU 2016:11 Olika vägar till föräldraskap” formulerar problemet med surrogatmoderskap, vilka subjektspositioner som kan urskiljas i utredningen och analyserar den ut ett kritiskt postkolonialt feministiskt perspektiv. Utredningen utgår ifrån mänsklig värdighet, autonomi och barnets bästa vilket uppsatsen belyser får konsekvenser för hur problemet med surrogatarrangemang porträtteras olika beroende på om surrogatmodern och barnet är från det globala syd eller det globala nord. Utgångspunkterna är centrala när surrogatmodern och barnet från det globala nord lyfts men får inte samma roll gällande surrogatmodern och det barn hon föder. Vidare undersöks hur subjektspositioner formuleras utifrån emotionell/icke-emotionell, sårbar/icke-sårbar, skyddsvärd/icke-skyddsvärd och blottlägger hur den svenska surrogatmodern och det inrikesfödda barnet konstrueras som emotionella, sårbara och skyddsvärda vilket skiljer sig från hur den utländska surrogatmodern och det utrikesfödda barnet konstrueras. Dessa omges att tystnad vilket får konsekvenser för hur de porträtteras och för vilka åtgärder som föreslås. Uppsatsen bidrar till en utveckling av tidigare forskning med ett tillägg av nyckelordet skyddsvärd för att undersöka konstrueringen av surrogatmödrar. Uppsatsen visar att begreppet är relevant genom att materialet visat på delvis konstuering av emotionell och sårbar men inte skyddsvärd och att detta påverkat resultat och åtgärder. Vidare stärker uppsatsen tidigare forskning som menar att utgångspunkten mänsklig värdighet verkar för en avhumanisering av surrogatmödrar från det globala syd samt att synen på biologi varierar beroende på var ett barn föds. Uppsatsen bygger vidare på tidigare forskning som menar att uttryckt rationalitet och brist på emotion resulterar i en avhumanisering, genom att blottlägga hur det kan räcka med att subjektspositionerna möts av tysthet för att uppnå samma resultat. Detta arbete belyser hur olika subjektspositioner framställs olika i den statliga utredningen och hur koloniala idéer hänger kvar och påverkar underlag till svensk lagstiftning, samt blottlägger vilka konkreta konsekvenser detta kan få för lagförslag och för surrogatmödrar i det globala syd samt de barn de föder. surrogacy surrogate Commissioning Parents pregnancy pride gay rights gay Deepak Deomampo Gondouin Gupta Lugones Mendes Lau Wilson Bacchi WPR Bauman Goodwin Mills Lewis Chavez Sittirak adoption structural adjustment program sap population control pregnant surrogate mother the coloniality of power pregnancy risks fertility tourism parental order surrogacy arrangements pregnancy risk intended mother assisted reproductive technologies surrogat surrogatmödraskap SOU 2016:11 avreglering fertilitet Insemination IVF provrörsbefruktning donator spermdonator biologiska barn infertilitet Assisterad befruktning livmoder mamma mamma barn barnlöshet ofrivillig barnlöshet pride Deepak Deomampo Gondouin Gupta Lugones Mendes Lau Wilson Bacchi WPR Bauman Goodwin Mills Lewis Chavez Sittirak surrogatmödrarna de nya surrogatmödrarna sexuella övergrepp mot barn barn barnkonventionen europakonventionen eu konstruering diskurs tilltänkta föräldrar surrogatmor surrogatmamma biologiskt band svensk exceptionalism fertilitet adoption klass ras etnicitet kön stratifierad reproduktion fertilitetsturism sap Sexindustri sexturism Malthusianism strukturer värdmödraskap moderskap maktförhållanden makt värderingar mäns våld mot kvinnor kritiskt kritik kritiskt postkolonialt perspektiv perspektiv feministiskt perspektiv reproduktiv hälsa mödraskap varat och varan barns rättigheter föräldraskap hälsa kvinnors hälsa barnets bästa kommersialisering kvinnors rättigheter Olika vägar till föräldraskap altruistiskt surrogatmödraskap fritt val det fria valet frihet surrogatmoderskap utredning mänsklig värdighet mänskliga rättigheter den mänskliga värdigheten kommersiellt surrogatmödraskap altruistiskt surrogatmoderskap sexuella övergrepp handel med barn barnhandel statlig utredning värdmoderskap feminism feministisk teori postkolonial postkolonial teori rasism jämställdhet sexuella rättigheter tredje världen utvecklingsstudier utveckling livmoder livmodershyra hyra livmoder rätt till sin kropp reproduktiva organ reproduktiva rättigheter graviditet riskfylld graviditet exploatering sexuell exploatering globala syd globala nord emotionalitet subjektsposition lagstiftning koloniala idéer kolonialism vientre de alquiler Political Science Statsvetenskap

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