Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T17:37:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Vania Marcia Abucarma.pdf: 332865 bytes, checksum: 372d64707fdcc61b64441cb4cd6689e0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-07-12 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The corn is one of the most cultivated cereals of the world, and the quality of the used seeds is important for the success of the tilling. One of the great problems of the organic agriculture is the supply of the seeds, and the improved variety becomes interesting because of being less demanding to inputs and presenting a good adaptation. The seeds of the variety of corn generally are produced in the property itself and the conditions of storage very often are not adapted compromising the quality of the seeds for near sowing. With that the objective of this work valued the physiologic potential and the storage of seeds of improved variety of corn, when they were produced in system of organic cultivation. The experiment was driven in the Laboratory of Seeds and Seedlings and in the sector of Cultivation When Prof Was Protected. Mário Cesar Lopes of the Universidade estadual do Oeste do Paraná (UNIOESTE), in the local authority of Naive Marshal Rondon, State of the Paraná. For evaluation of the physiologic quality of the seeds there was used the improved variety of corn OCEPAR 202, BRS 4150, Sun of the Morning and IPR 114, recently gathered and after the storage of five months in cold camera and room temperature The seeds were valued by the test of Germination; Mass of Mil Seeds; Degree of Moisture; Tetrazólio; Test of the Coldness; Emergence in Ground; Rate of the Speed of Germination; First counting of the Test of Germination; Length of the air Part of Plantules; Fresh Mass of the air Part of Plantules and Dry Mass of the air Part of Plantules. The experimental delineation was completely randomized with arrangement fatorial 4 x 3 and four repetitions. For the analysis of the results has shown that the improved varieties of maize, OCEPAR 202, BRS 4150, Sol da Manhã and IPR114 demonstrated high quality physiological. Five months in a controlled environment was the best condition for storing and cultivate Sol da Manhã had the best physiological quality in different forms of storage / O milho é um dos cereais mais cultivados do mundo, e a qualidade das sementes utilizadas é importante para o sucesso da lavoura. Um dos grandes problemas da agricultura orgânica é o fornecimento das sementes, e as variedades melhoradas tornam-se interessantes por serem menos exigentes a insumos e apresentarem uma boa adaptação. As sementes das variedades de milho geralmente são produzidas na própria propriedade e as condições de armazenamento muitas vezes não são adequadas comprometendo a qualidade das sementes para próxima semeadura. Com isso o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o potencial fisiológico e a armazenabilidade de sementes de variedades melhoradas de milho, produzidas em sistema de cultivo orgânico. O experimento foi conduzido no Laboratório de Sementes e Mudas e no setor de Cultivo Protegido Prof. Mário César Lopes da Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná (UNIOESTE), no município de Marechal Cândido Rondon, Estado do Paraná. Para avaliação da qualidade fisiológica das sementes foram utilizadas as variedades melhoradas de milho OCEPAR 202, BRS 4150, Sol da Manhã e IPR 114, recém colhidas e após o armazenamento de cinco meses em ambiente controlado e temperatura ambiente As sementes foram avaliadas pelos teste de Germinação; Massa de Mil Sementes; Grau de Umidade; Tetrazólio; Teste do Frio; Emergência em Solo; Índice da Velocidade de Germinação; Primeira contagem do Teste de Germinação; Comprimento da Parte aérea de Plântulas; Massa Fresca da Parte aérea de Plântulas e Massa Seca da Parte aérea de Plântulas. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado com arranjo fatorial 4 x 3 e quatro repetições. Pela análise dos resultados verificou-se que as variedades melhoradas de milho, OCEPAR 202, BRS 4150, Sol da Manhã e IPR114 demonstraram alta qualidade fisiológica. Cinco meses em ambiente controlado foi a melhor condição de armazenamento e a cultivar Sol da Manhã apresentou a melhor qualidade fisiológica nas diferentes formas de armazenamento

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T17:37:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jorge_Jose_Jurach.pdf: 505968 bytes, checksum: acdc624912c2b10d63cf56899f64e889 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004-06-18 / Corn, a species originating from the Americas, adapted by researchers to different climatic conditions and planting seasons, has great importance in the world economic context. The mass production of seeds aims to the maximum utilization of raw materials and to facilitate and make uniform planting. Seeds are classified according to their diverse size to the shapes and attempt to offer the market a homogenous. Product, and one which is easy for seeders to distribute. The quality of seeds, mainly that of the smaller and round ones, has been questioned by farmers on account of the frequency of emergency and field establishment problems. With the objective of evaluating the quality of the super precocious hybrid corn CD 304, a study was conducted at COODETEC in Cascavel-PR. For it, seeds from commercial lots of the flat grade seeds 18C, 20C and 22C, as well as ones from the round-shaped grades 18R, 20R and 22R coming from the harvest of 2001/2002, were used. For four seasons, beginning in August 2002, every three months, first count, germination pattern, viability cold, and soil emergency tests were conducted to evaluate the germination capacity and vigour and sanity, humidity, and the mass of a thousand seeds tests were also carried out in order to attend to the sanitary and physical conditions of the seeds during the storage period. The soil emergency test was effected in greenhouses covered with transparent plastic. The experimental delineation was entirely casual for all of the tests. From the analysis of the obtained results, maitenance of quality was verified for a greater period in the median grades (the flat 20C and 22C, and 20R) there by indicating their greater longetivity and vigour. The round grades 18R and 22R and the flat one of lesser mass, 18C, showed less vigour and longetivity / A cultura do milho, uma espécie originária das Américas e adaptada pelos pesquisadores para as diferentes condições climáticas e épocas de semeadura, tem grande importância no contexto econômico mundial. A produção de sementes em alta escala visa ao máximo aproveitamento da matéria prima, e para uniformizar e facilitar a semeadura, as sementes são classificadas quanto aos diversos tamanhos e formas, procurando oferecer ao mercado um produto homogêneo e de fácil distribuição pelas semeadoras. A qualidade das sementes, principalmente dos tamanhos menores e as de formato arredondado tem sido questionada pelos agricultores pela maior freqüência de problemas de emergência e estabelecimento de campos. Com o objetivo de avaliar a qualidade do milho híbrido super precoce CD 304, realizou-se estudo na Coodetec em Cascavel, PR. Para tanto foram utilizadas sementes de lotes comerciais das peneiras chatas 18C, 20C e 22C e das peneiras de formato arredondado 18R, 20R e 22R provenientes da safra 2001/2002. Durante quatro épocas, a partir do mês de agosto/2002, a cada três meses, foram realizados os testes de primeira contagem, germinação padrão, tetrazólio (viabilidade), teste de frio e emergência em solo, para a avaliação da capacidade germinativa e vigor, e os testes de sanidade, umidade e massa de mil sementes, para acompanhamento das condições sanitárias e físicas das sementes, durante o período de armazenamento. O teste de emergência no solo foi efetuado em estufas cobertas com plástico transparente. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado para todos os testes. Pela análise dos resultados obtidos, verificou-se a manutenção da qualidade fisiológica por um maior período nas peneiras medianas, as chatas 20C e 22C e a 20R, indicando assim sua maior longevidade e vigor. As peneiras redondas 18R e 22R e a chata de menor massa, a 18C, apresentaram-se com menor vigor e longevidade

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2018-11-23T17:01:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2013 - L?lian Guimar?es de Almeida.pdf: 713686 bytes, checksum: 57c134f17845f669da63a2f32063c483 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-23T17:01:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2013 - L?lian Guimar?es de Almeida.pdf: 713686 bytes, checksum: 57c134f17845f669da63a2f32063c483 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-07-22 / CAPES / The objective of this study was to evaluate the imbibition and white lupine seeds physiological quality as affected by the pre-sowing treatments using immersion on the solutions with distinct micronutrients. The experimental design was conducted in a completely randomized in factorial (3 lots x 7 treatments) with four replications, by period of evaluation (start and after four months of storage). There were used three white lupine seed lots and seven distinct pre-sowing treatments (soaked or not soaked seeds on distilled water and in solution of boric acid (H3BO3), zinc sulphate (ZnSO4), manganese sulphate (MnSO4), copper sulphate (CuSO4), and molybdic acid (H2MoO4)). The seeds were evaluated to the imbibition and subsequently were submitted to the germination and vigor tests (first count of germination and electrical conductivity, dry weight and length of seedlings), as well the determinate of the seeds nutrients content. From the results it can be concluded that there was decreased speed of water absorption in the seed lot with lower physiological quality in the presence of manganese and molybdenum. Seed treatment by immersion in distilled water and in solutions of micronutrients favored physiological seed quality of three lots of white lupine. / O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a embebi??o e a qualidade fisiol?gica de sementes de tremo?o branco ap?s terem sido submetidas ao tratamento de pr?-semeadura por imers?o em solu??es de micronutrientes. O delineamento experimental adotado foi o inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial (3 lotes x 7 tratamentos), com quatro repeti??es, por per?odo de avalia??o (inicial e ap?s quatro meses de armazenamento). Foram utilizados tr?s lotes de sementes de tremo?o branco e sete distintos tratamentos de pr?-semeadura (sementes imersas ou n?o em ?gua destilada e em solu??o contendo ?cido b?rico (H3BO3), sulfato de zinco (ZnSO4), sulfato de mangan?s (MnSO4), sulfato de cobre (CuSO4) e ?cido mol?bdico (H2MoO4)). As sementes foram avaliadas quanto ? embebi??o e, em seguida, submetidas aos testes de germina??o e de vigor (primeira contagem e condutividade el?trica, comprimento e massa de pl?ntulas) bem como ? avalia??o do teor de nutrientes. Pelos resultados pode-se concluir que houve diminui??o da velocidade de absor??o de ?gua nas sementes do lote com menor qualidade fisiol?gica inicial, na presen?a de mangan?s e molibd?nio. O tratamento de sementes via imers?o em ?gua destilada e em solu??es de micronutrientes favoreceu a qualidade fisiol?gica das sementes dos tr?s lotes de tremo?o branco.

Heterosis, or hybrid vigor, refers to the superiority of F₁hybrid performance over the mean of its parents (mid-parent heterosis) theoretically, or the performance of better parents. It has been discovered in many species of plants and animals as well as in humans, and played an important role in enhanced agricultural production, especially in maize, rice and sorghum although the mechanism have not been elucidated. We studied the molecular basis of heterosis with a combined genomics and systems biology approach using model organism maize. We profiled the expression of 39 genes that were most differentially expressed (DG) between the mid-parents and their F1 hybrid (Mo17 x B73) in the 13V-satged, developed whole ear shoots of 13 inbred lines and their 22 F1 hybrids grown in the field trails and phenotyped their 13 traits significant for grain yield. The results showed that gene expression varies significantly among inbreds, among hybrids and in heterosis. The gene clustering heat map and gene action networks in inbreds and hybrids were constructed respectively based on their gene expression profile. According to these pattern analyses, we find dramatically difference between inbreds and their hybrids, although the differential expression varies across different hybrids. Our results also suggest that gene networks are altered from inbreds to hybrids, including their gene contents and wire structures. Last but not least, we have determined the genetic variation correlations between the gene expression and trait performance and constructed the gene networks for the development of 12 of the 13 traits that varied significantly among genotypes. This has led to identification of genes significantly contributing to the performances of the traits, with 1 – 16 genes per trait. These results have indicated that heterosis results not only from altered expression level of corresponding genes between inbreds and their hybrids, importantly, also from the altered gene action networks and expression patterns. These alternations could be derived from gene actions in a manner of additivity, dominance, over dominance, pseudo-overdominance, epistasis and/or their combinations. Therefore, our findings provide a better understanding of the underlying molecular basis of heterosis. The genes identified for the traits will provide tools for advanced studies of the trait heterosis and could be used as tools for their heterosis breeding in maize. The strategy developed in this study will provide an effective tool for studies of other complicated, quantitative traits in maize and other species.

The encroachment of woody species into grassland and savanna ecosystems has been well document since the early 1800s. Within the parkland ecoregion of western Canada, trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) has been one of the key tree species increasing in dominance. Aspen encroachment is best explained not by single mechanism, but rather by a number of interacting ecological factors. In this study I examined the ecological consequences of the clonal biology in aspen as a means to explain persistence and observed tree-grass ratios within grassland savannas of western Canada. Results suggest that aspen stands cycle between a “stable” phase characterized by a dense mature canopy, and an “unstable” phase characterized by canopy breakup and increased regeneration from root suckers. It is during this unstable phase that clonal encroachment is likely to occur. Within these mature stands, different-aged ramets promote persistence by maximizing developmental variation. Such a mechanism overcomes the functional phenotypic uniformity of ramets within a single age-structured stand. Results from my study indicate that physiological integration is beneficial to the growth and survivorship of regenerating and encroaching aspen ramets. My results also suggest that the benefits of physiological integration are greatest in more stressful environments, and in recently established post-fire ramets. Finally, the consequences of variation in adaptive ecological relevant traits among individuals was examined by determining differences in vigor among aspen clones in relation to the production of secondary compounds (phenolic glycosides). My results demonstrate a high degree of variation in leaf phenolic glycosides production among clones. A significant amount of this variation was accounted for by differences in clone vigor (within population: individual susceptibility hypothesis), with a smaller amount related to environmental differences (among populations). In all instances, vigorous clones were significantly higher in levels of phenolic glycosides compared with dieback clones, suggesting that some individuals may be predisposed to undergo density-independent mortality. This has important ecological implications, because it implies that one of the key mechanisms regulating population dynamics, community interactions and biodiversity may be related to intrinsic adaptive differences in susceptibility among individuals.

The encroachment of woody species into grassland and savanna ecosystems has been well document since the early 1800s. Within the parkland ecoregion of western Canada, trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) has been one of the key tree species increasing in dominance. Aspen encroachment is best explained not by single mechanism, but rather by a number of interacting ecological factors. In this study I examined the ecological consequences of the clonal biology in aspen as a means to explain persistence and observed tree-grass ratios within grassland savannas of western Canada. Results suggest that aspen stands cycle between a “stable” phase characterized by a dense mature canopy, and an “unstable” phase characterized by canopy breakup and increased regeneration from root suckers. It is during this unstable phase that clonal encroachment is likely to occur. Within these mature stands, different-aged ramets promote persistence by maximizing developmental variation. Such a mechanism overcomes the functional phenotypic uniformity of ramets within a single age-structured stand. Results from my study indicate that physiological integration is beneficial to the growth and survivorship of regenerating and encroaching aspen ramets. My results also suggest that the benefits of physiological integration are greatest in more stressful environments, and in recently established post-fire ramets. Finally, the consequences of variation in adaptive ecological relevant traits among individuals was examined by determining differences in vigor among aspen clones in relation to the production of secondary compounds (phenolic glycosides). My results demonstrate a high degree of variation in leaf phenolic glycosides production among clones. A significant amount of this variation was accounted for by differences in clone vigor (within population: individual susceptibility hypothesis), with a smaller amount related to environmental differences (among populations). In all instances, vigorous clones were significantly higher in levels of phenolic glycosides compared with dieback clones, suggesting that some individuals may be predisposed to undergo density-independent mortality. This has important ecological implications, because it implies that one of the key mechanisms regulating population dynamics, community interactions and biodiversity may be related to intrinsic adaptive differences in susceptibility among individuals.

Orientador: Jairo Osvaldo Cazetta / Banca: Silvelena Vanzolini Segato / Banca: Edson Lazarini / Banca: Domingos Fornasieri Filho / Banca: Rogério Farinelli / Resumo: O extrato pirolenhoso (EP) é um subproduto oriundo da condensação de compostos da fumaça produzida durante o processo de produção de carvão vegetal. O EP tem em sua composição compostos bioativos que podem influenciar na germinação e no vigor de sementes. Dessa forma, o objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a influência de diferentes concentrações de EP na cultura do milho, em sementes, no desenvolvimento inicial das plantas e no campo. Foram utilizadas 5 concentrações de EP aplicadas nas sementes: 0, 25, 50, 75 e 100% em solução (10 mL kg-1 de sementes), avaliando sua influência na germinação e no vigor através dos testes de germinação, primeira contagem de germinação, índice de velocidade de emergência, comprimento de plântulas, massa seca de plântulas, em laboratório, com 5 repetições em delineamento inteiramente casualizado (DIC) e, o teste de emergência em campo, com 4 repetições em delineamento em blocos casualizados (DBC). O desenvolvimento inicial das plantas de milho foi avaliado em casa de vegetação, com cultivo em vasos contendo 7 dm3 de solo, com duas plantas por vaso, utilizando-se 5 concentrações de EP aplicadas nas sementes: 0, 25, 50, 75 e 100%; via solo: 0, 0,5, 1,0, 1,5 e 2,0% (v v-1) e foliar: sem aplicações, 0,15 (aos 10, 20 e 30 dias após a emergência - DAE) e 0,2% (aos 40 DAE), 0,3 e 0,4%, 0,45 e 0,6% e 0,6 e 0,8% (v v-1), sendo utilizadas 5 repetições em DIC, verificando a influência do EP aos 55 DAE. Em campo, foram realizados dois experimentos, nas safras 2007/2008 e 2008/2009, sendo utilizadas 5 concentrações de EP aplicadas nas sementes: 0, 25, 50, 75 e 100%; via solo: 0, 2, 4, 6 e 8 L ha-1 e foliar: sem aplicações, 0,6 (10, 20 e 30 DAE) e 0,8 L ha-1 (40 DAE), 1,2 e 1,6 L ha-1, 1,8 e 2.4 L ha-1 e 2,4 e 3,2 L ha-1, avaliando sua influência nas características agronômicas, nos componentes da produção... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The pyroligneous acid (PA) is a byproduct comes from the condensation of smoke compounds produced during the process of charcoal production. The PA contains bioactive compounds that may influence of germination and seed vigor. Thus, the objective this research was to evaluate the influence of different concentrations of PA in seeds, in the initial corn development and field. Were used five concentrations of EP applied to seeds: 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% solution (10 mL kg-1 seed), evaluating their influence on germination and vigor by germination, speed of emergence index, first germination count, dry matter weight, seedling length tests in the laboratory, with five replications in a complete randomized design (CRD), and field seedling emergence test with four replications in randomized block design (RBD). The initial development of corn plants was evaluated in a greenhouse, with cultivation in pots containing 7 dm3 of soil, two plants per pot, using five concentrations of PA applied to seeds: 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 %, in soil: 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0% (v v-1) and leaves: no applications, 0.15 (10, 20 and 30 days after emergence - DAE) and 0.2% (40 DAE), 0.3 and 0.4%, 0.45% and 0.6 and 0.6 and 0.8% (v v-1), using five replications in CRD, verifying the influence of PA 55 DAE. In the field, two experiments were conducted in 2007/2008 and 2008/2009 seasons, using five concentrations of PA applied to seeds: 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%, in soil: 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 L ha-1 and leaves: no applications, 0.6 (10, 20 and 30 DAE) and 0.8 L ha-1 (40 DAE), 1.2 and 1.6 L ha-1, 1,8 and 2.4 L ha-1 and 2.4 and 3.2 L ha-1 to evaluate its influence on agronomic traits, yield components and corn yield, with four replications in RBD, for the first season. In the second, were used four concentrations of PA applied to seeds: 0, 25, 50 and 100%, in soil: 0, 2, 4 and 8 L ha-1 and leaves: no applications... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2014-12-22T15:33:12Z No. of bitstreams: 2 lorena_leao_jesus.pdf: 826450 bytes, checksum: 3a10a7ec4a4676a5ccb38e308ea778fb (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2014-12-22T15:33:34Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 lorena_leao_jesus.pdf: 826450 bytes, checksum: 3a10a7ec4a4676a5ccb38e308ea778fb (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2014-12-22T15:34:18Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 lorena_leao_jesus.pdf: 826450 bytes, checksum: 3a10a7ec4a4676a5ccb38e308ea778fb (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-22T15:34:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 lorena_leao_jesus.pdf: 826450 bytes, checksum: 3a10a7ec4a4676a5ccb38e308ea778fb (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (Capes) / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) / A cultura do gergelim, Sesamum indicum L., por possuir cerca de 50% de teor de ?leo em suas sementes, surge como uma alternativa para produ??o de biocombust?veis podendo competir com outras oleaginosas. No entanto, a utiliza??o de sementes de alta qualidade ? de fundamental import?ncia para o estabelecimento da cultura. Para a cultura do gergelim n?o existem metodologias adequadas para avalia??o da qualidade fisiol?gica de suas sementes. Objetivou-se com esta pesquisa adequar as metodologias dos testes de condutividade el?trica, envelhecimento acelerado, lixivia??o de pot?ssio e tetraz?lio para avalia??o da qualidade de sementes de gergelim. Foram testadas as metodologias do teste de condutividade el?trica utilizando embebi??o por 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 e 24 horas e combina??es n?mero de sementes/volume de ?gua deionizada (25/25 mL; 25/50 mL; 25/75 mL; 50/25 mL; 50/50 mL e 50/75 mL), para o teste de envelhecimento acelerado testou-se a metodologia tradicional com ?gua e com solu??o saturada de NaCl por 0, 24, 48, 72 e 96 horas, para o teste de lixivia??o de pot?ssio, embebi??o por 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 e 180 minutos, nas combina??es n?mero de sementes/volume de ?gua destilada (25/25 mL; 25/50 mL; 50/25 mL; 50/50 mL) e no teste de tetraz?lio foram testadas as concentra??es de 0,075%; 0,5% e 1,0% de solu??o de tetraz?lio a 25 ?C, por 3, 6, 8, 12, 18 e 24 horas. Concluiu-se que no teste de condutividade el?trica o per?odo de embebi??o de 4 horas e a combina??o de 25 sementes com 75 mL e 50 sementes com 75 mL ? eficiente para a distin??o da qualidade fisiol?gica de sementes de gergelim. Para o teste de envelhecimento acelerado o per?odo de envelhecimento de 48 horas pelo m?todo tradicional ou 72 horas e 96 horas com solu??o saturada de NaCl permite separar as cultivares de gergelim em diferentes n?veis de vigor. No teste de lixivia??o de pot?ssio a combina??o 25 sementes, 25 mL de ?gua e 60 minutos ou 90 minutos de embebi??o ? adequada para avalia??o do potencial fisiol?gico das sementes. A embebi??o das sementes sobre papel por 60 minutos, seguida de corte longitudinal e imers?o em solu??o de tetraz?lio na concentra??o de 0,075% por 12 horas e 1,0% por 3 horas ? eficiente na avalia??o da viabilidade das sementes de gergelim. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Produ??o Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2014. / ABSTRACT The culture of, Sesamum indicum L., possess a circa of 50% content of oil within the seeds, surge as an alternative for the production of biofuels able to compete with other oilseeds. However, the utilization of high quality seeds is of fundamental importance for the establishment of cultivation. For the cultivation of sesame seeds, there exists no adapted methodologies for the evaluation of physical quality of the seeds. The objective of this study is to adapt a methodology to tests of electrical conductivity, accelerated aging, tetrazolium and potassium leachate to evaluate the quality of the seeds. The methodology of the electrical conductivity test were tested using imbibition for 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 and 24 hours and a number of combinations of seeds/volume in deionized water (25/25 mL; 25/50 mL; 25/75 mL; 50/25 mL; 50/50 mL e 50/75 mL), for the accelerated aging test tested the traditional methodology applied was with water and saturated solution NaCl for 0, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours, for potassium leachate, imbibition for 30, 60, 90, 120 and 180 minutes with a number of combinations of seeds/volume in distilled water (25/25 mL; 25/50 mL; 50/25 mL and 50/50 mL) and tetrazolium test concentrations were 0.075%, 0.5% and 1.0% of the tetrazolium solution, at 25 ?C, for 3, 6, 8, 12, 18 and 24 hours. The conclusion of the electrical conductivity test demonstrate that the period of imbibition for 4 hours and the combination of 25 seeds with 75 mL of water and 50 seeds with 75 mL of water is efficient for the distinction of the physiological quality of the sesame seeds. For the test of accelerated aging, the period of aging for 48 hours by the traditional method or 72 hours and 96 hours with the saturated solution NaCl, permits the separation of the cultivars of sesame seeds in different levels of vigor. In the potassium leachate test, a combination of 25 seeds with 25 mL of water for 60 minutes or 90 minutes of imbibition is adequate for the evaluation of the physiological potential of the seeds. The imbibition of the seeds on paper for 60 minutes, following a longitudinal cut and immersion in the tetrazolium solution with a concentration of 0.075% for 12 hours and 1.0% for 3 hours is efficient in the evaluation of the viability of the sesame seeds.

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-27T13:30:34Z No. of bitstreams: 5 32.pdf: 421716 bytes, checksum: f1dbd1cd2f5a9514dcb522400e36103c (MD5) license_url: 49 bytes, checksum: fd26723f8d7edacdb29e3f03465c3b03 (MD5) license_text: 20904 bytes, checksum: e09bf99e64678e4285abf3ef3e05412d (MD5) license_rdf: 22564 bytes, checksum: ff373f1ad387898ef8ba4f8bc9e37073 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-27T18:28:44Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 5 32.pdf: 421716 bytes, checksum: f1dbd1cd2f5a9514dcb522400e36103c (MD5) license_url: 49 bytes, checksum: fd26723f8d7edacdb29e3f03465c3b03 (MD5) license_text: 20904 bytes, checksum: e09bf99e64678e4285abf3ef3e05412d (MD5) license_rdf: 22564 bytes, checksum: ff373f1ad387898ef8ba4f8bc9e37073 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-27T18:28:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 32.pdf: 421716 bytes, checksum: f1dbd1cd2f5a9514dcb522400e36103c (MD5) license_url: 49 bytes, checksum: fd26723f8d7edacdb29e3f03465c3b03 (MD5) license_text: 20904 bytes, checksum: e09bf99e64678e4285abf3ef3e05412d (MD5) license_rdf: 22564 bytes, checksum: ff373f1ad387898ef8ba4f8bc9e37073 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / O assa-peixe (Vernonia polyanthes Less.) esp?cie pertencente ? fam?lia Asteraceae, possui propriedades medicinais e tem potencial ap?cola. Apesar de seu intenso uso popular, s?o escassas as informa??es sobre os fatores que condicionam a germina??o e o armazenamento de suas sementes. Dessa forma, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade fisiol?gica de sementes de assa-peixe em rela??o ao efeito dos fatores temperatura/luz, em diferentes tipos de c?maras, e a influ?ncia dos diferentes tipos de ambientes/embalagens, durante o per?odo de armazenamento. A pesquisa foi dividida em duas partes. A primeira parte consistiu em avaliar o efeito dos fatores temperatura e luz sobre o comportamento fisiol?gico das sementes de assa-peixe, atrav?s dos testes de vigor (teste de primeira contagem da germina??o e ?ndice de velocidade de germina??o) e germina??o, em diferentes tipos de c?maras, sob temperaturas constantes (Mangelsdorff e B.O.D.) e alternadas (B.O.D.), na presen?a e aus?ncia de luz. Os tratamentos foram dispostos em arranjo fatorial, com delineamento inteiramente casualizado e os dados foram submetidos ? an?lise de vari?ncia, com as m?dias comparadas entre si pelo teste de Tukey a 5% de probabilidade. Pelos resultados constatou-se que esta esp?cie comportou-se como ?fotobl?stica preferencial?, pelo fato da germina??o, ter ocorrido na presen?a e na aus?ncia de luz, por?m, esta foi favorecida em presen?a de luz. As maiores porcentagens de germina??o de sementes de assa-peixe foram obtidas a 25?C, independente do tipo de c?mara utilizada (Mangelsdorff ou B.O.D.), e na faixa de temperatura alternada 15-25?C (em B.O.D.), na presen?a de luz. As sementes de assa-peixe n?o germinaram sob temperatura de 40?C. A segunda parte da pesquisa consistiu em avaliar a influ?ncia dos diferentes tipos de ambientes e embalagens e do tempo de armazenamento sobre a qualidade fisiol?gica das sementes. Foram testados tr?s per?odos de armazenamento (0, 136 e 230 dias), sobre duas condi??es, em geladeira (5 ? 2?C) e ambiente de laborat?rio (22 ? 2?C), e tr?s tipos de embalagens (vidro, pl?stica e multifoliada). Determinou-se a porcentagem da umidade, vigor (teste de primeira contagem da germina??o e ?ndice de velocidade de germina??o) e germina??o. Os tratamentos foram dispostos em arranjo fatorial, com delineamento inteiramente casualizado e os dados foram submetidos ? an?lise de vari?ncia, com as m?dias comparadas entre si pelo teste Tukey a 5% de probabilidade. Foi verificado que o armazenamento das sementes de assa-peixe, em geladeira, proporcionou maiores valores para vigor e germina??o, com a embalagem de vidro apresentando melhor desempenho, comparados aos obtidos em ambiente de laborat?rio, independente da embalagem utilizada. O vigor e a germina??o das sementes de assa-peixe decrescem em fun??o do tempo, durante os 230 dias de armazenamento. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Produ??o Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2008. / ABSTRACT The Vernonia polyanthes Less. is species belonging to the family Asteraceae has medicinal properties and have the potential apiculture. Despite their intense use popular, there are few information about the factors that affect the germination and storing their seeds. Thus, the objective of this study was the physiological quality of seeds of Vernonia polyanthes Less. in relation to the effect of factors temperature/light, in different types of chambers, and the influence of different types of environments/packaging, during the period of storage. The survey was divided into two parts. The first part of the research was to evaluate the effect of the factors temperature and light on the behavior physiological seeds of V. polyanthes Less., through testing of vigor (test first count of germination and germination speed index) and germination, using different types of chambers, under constant temperatures (Mangelsdorff and B.O.D.) and alternate temperatures (B.O.D.), in the presence and absence of light. The experimental design was completely randomized, in factorial scheme and the averages compared were by Tukey test at 5%. The species, behaved itself as "preferential fotobl?stica" because of germination, have occurred in the presence and absence of light, but this was better in the presence of light. The higher germination percentages the seeds of V. polyanthes Less. were obtained at 25?C, regardless of the type of chamber used (Mangelsdorff and B.O.D.), and on diary alternating temperatures 15-25?C (in B.O.D.), in the presence of light. The temperature of 40?C was not germination of seeds of V. polyanthes Less.. The second part of the research was to evaluate the influence of different types of environments and packaging and time of storage of seeds of V. polyanthes on the physiological quality seeds. It was tested three periods of storage (0, 136 and 230 days), on two conditions, in refrigerator (5? 2 C) and laboratory environment (22 ? 2 C), and three types of packaging (glass, plastic and multilayer). It was determined the percentage moisture, vigor (test first count of germination and germination speed index) and germination. The experimental design was completely randomized, in factorial scheme and the averages compared were by Tukey test at 5%. It was found that the storage of seeds of V. polyanthes Less. in refrigerator had better values for vigor and germination, with a pack of glass showing better performance, that when stored in laboratory conditions, regardless of the type of packaging used. The vigor and germination the seeds decreased after 230 days of storage.

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-27T13:30:35Z No. of bitstreams: 5 41.pdf: 467693 bytes, checksum: 46ea478cf12119fee773189de4a6bf91 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-27T18:50:14Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 5 41.pdf: 467693 bytes, checksum: 46ea478cf12119fee773189de4a6bf91 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-27T18:50:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 41.pdf: 467693 bytes, checksum: 46ea478cf12119fee773189de4a6bf91 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (Capes) / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) / Dentre as esp?cies mais utilizadas na implanta??o de pastagens est?o as do g?nero Brachiaria. Os benef?cios do uso de sementes de alta qualidade para forma??o de pastagem podem ser facilmente constatados pelo r?pido estabelecimento da forrageira, pastagem formada uniformemente e cobertura mais r?pida do solo, resultando em uma utiliza??o da pastagem em menor espa?o de tempo. Por?m, as metodologias utilizadas para avaliar a qualidade de suas sementes ainda n?o est?o bem definidas. O uso de testes de vigor ? uma ferramenta imprescind?vel para a avalia??o do potencial fisiol?gico dos lotes de sementes. Assim, objetivou-se com este estudo adequar os testes de envelhecimento acelerado e de condutividade el?trica, para avaliar o potencial fisiol?gico de lotes de sementes de Brachiaria brizantha das cultivares Marandu e Xara?s, cada uma delas representada por quatro lotes. Para o teste de envelhecimento acelerado as sementes foram submetidas ao envelhecimento acelerado tradicional e com solu??o saturada de NaCl, em cinco per?odos de envelhecimento, 0; 24; 48; 72 e 96 horas. Para o teste de condutividade el?trica, as sementes foram submetidas a 12 per?odos de imers?o em ?gua, por 2; 4; 6; 8; 10; 12; 14; 16; 18; 20; 22 e 24 horas, utilizando-se 25 sementes em 25 mL e em 50 mL, 50 sementes em 50 mL e em 75 mL de ?gua. Para caracterizar o perfil dos lotes, foi determinado o grau de umidade, os testes de germina??o, primeira contagem da germina??o, ?ndice de velocidade de germina??o, estande inicial, emerg?ncia e ?ndice de velocidade de emerg?ncia. Conclui-se que o teste de envelhecimento acelerado possibilita a separa??o dos lotes de B. brinzatha cv. Marandu e cv. Xara?s, pelo m?todo com solu??o saturada de NaCl por 72 horas e 24 horas, respectivamente. No teste de condutividade el?trica, o per?odo de imers?o de 14 horas, utilizando-se 50 sementes em 50 mL, para a cv Marandu, e utilizando-se 25 sementes em 25 mL ou 50 sementes em 50 mL de ?gua, para a cv Xara?s ? adequado para avalia??o do potencial fisiol?gico das sementes. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Produ??o Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2013. / ABSTRACT Among the species most commonly used in the implementation of the pastures are of the genus Brachiaria. The benefits of using high quality seeds for pasture formation can be easily found by the rapid establishment of forage, pasture formed uniformly and cover the ground more quickly, resulting in a pasture utilization in shorter time. However, the methodologies used to evaluate the quality of their seeds are still poorly defined. The use of vigor testing is an essential implement for the evaluation of the physiological potential of seed lots. The objective of this research was adjust the accelerated aging tests and electrical conductivity, to evaluate the physiological potential of seed lots from Brachiaria brizantha Marandu and Xara?s cultivars, each represented by four lots. For the accelerated aging test, seeds were submitted to traditional accelerated aging and with saturated NaCl solution, five periods of aging, 0, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours. For the electrical conductivity test, seeds were submitted to 12 periods of imbibitions in water for 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22 and 24 hours, using samples of 25 seeds in 25 mL and 50 mL, 50 seeds in 50 mL and 75 mL of water. To characterize the profile of lots, were determined moisture content, germination tests, first count of germination, speed of germination, initial stand, emergence, and? speed of emergence index. The accelerated aging test makes possible the separation of lots of B. brinzatha cv Marandu and cv Xara?s by the method with saturated NaCl solution for 72 hours and 24 hours, respectively. For the electrical conductivity test, the imbebition period during 14 hours using 50 seeds in 50 mL to Marandu and using 25 seeds in 25 mL or 50 seeds in 50 mL of water for cultivar Xara?s is appropriate for evaluating the seed physiological potential.