Submitted by Ydrielly Teles (ydrielly@hotmail.com) on 2018-12-11T17:41:11Z No. of bitstreams: 3 TESE-YDRIELLY-outubro-2017Finalizado.pdf: 2551345 bytes, checksum: ec5beb66d375e1003f6703421fcaf2da (MD5) img20181123_14572324.pdf: 168677 bytes, checksum: de095db9a2197ec5c948f3ce47b11405 (MD5) ataDesfesaDoutoradoYdrielly.pdf: 3168270 bytes, checksum: e29817e399636e241196f63816e9533c (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by PPGBIOTEC Biotecnologia (ppg_biotec.ufam@yahoo.com.br) on 2018-12-11T19:32:16Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 3 TESE-YDRIELLY-outubro-2017Finalizado.pdf: 2551345 bytes, checksum: ec5beb66d375e1003f6703421fcaf2da (MD5) img20181123_14572324.pdf: 168677 bytes, checksum: de095db9a2197ec5c948f3ce47b11405 (MD5) ataDesfesaDoutoradoYdrielly.pdf: 3168270 bytes, checksum: e29817e399636e241196f63816e9533c (MD5) / Rejected by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br), reason: A tese depositada está sem ficha catalográfica. Para confeccionar a Ficha acesse http://biblioteca.ufam.edu.br/servicos/elaboracao-de-ficha-catalografica Dúvidas? ddbc@ufam.edu.br on 2018-12-12T13:33:16Z (GMT) / Submitted by Ydrielly Teles (ydrielly@hotmail.com) on 2018-12-12T14:18:33Z No. of bitstreams: 4 TESE-YDRIELLY-outubro-2017Finalizado.pdf: 2551345 bytes, checksum: ec5beb66d375e1003f6703421fcaf2da (MD5) img20181123_14572324.pdf: 168677 bytes, checksum: de095db9a2197ec5c948f3ce47b11405 (MD5) ataDesfesaDoutoradoYdrielly.pdf: 3168270 bytes, checksum: e29817e399636e241196f63816e9533c (MD5) report.pdf: 1868 bytes, checksum: 2dae75f4a836a5bfa88f66b1e2650efd (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by PPGBIOTEC Biotecnologia (ppg_biotec.ufam@yahoo.com.br) on 2018-12-12T14:22:49Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 4 TESE-YDRIELLY-outubro-2017Finalizado.pdf: 2551345 bytes, checksum: ec5beb66d375e1003f6703421fcaf2da (MD5) img20181123_14572324.pdf: 168677 bytes, checksum: de095db9a2197ec5c948f3ce47b11405 (MD5) ataDesfesaDoutoradoYdrielly.pdf: 3168270 bytes, checksum: e29817e399636e241196f63816e9533c (MD5) report.pdf: 1868 bytes, checksum: 2dae75f4a836a5bfa88f66b1e2650efd (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2018-12-12T15:49:39Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 4 TESE-YDRIELLY-outubro-2017Finalizado.pdf: 2551345 bytes, checksum: ec5beb66d375e1003f6703421fcaf2da (MD5) img20181123_14572324.pdf: 168677 bytes, checksum: de095db9a2197ec5c948f3ce47b11405 (MD5) ataDesfesaDoutoradoYdrielly.pdf: 3168270 bytes, checksum: e29817e399636e241196f63816e9533c (MD5) report.pdf: 1868 bytes, checksum: 2dae75f4a836a5bfa88f66b1e2650efd (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-12T15:49:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 4 TESE-YDRIELLY-outubro-2017Finalizado.pdf: 2551345 bytes, checksum: ec5beb66d375e1003f6703421fcaf2da (MD5) img20181123_14572324.pdf: 168677 bytes, checksum: de095db9a2197ec5c948f3ce47b11405 (MD5) ataDesfesaDoutoradoYdrielly.pdf: 3168270 bytes, checksum: e29817e399636e241196f63816e9533c (MD5) report.pdf: 1868 bytes, checksum: 2dae75f4a836a5bfa88f66b1e2650efd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-11-28 / FAPEAM - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas / The accelerated expansion of the urban center of the city of Manaus has generated important impacts on the water resources of the region. In the middle of this scenario, the present work aims to isolate samples from the bacterial communities associated to the water of the Quarenta stream, evaluating their bioreduction potentials for hexavalent chromium. The methodology used includes the collection of water samples at strategic points along the Forty stream, evaluation of the isolates in culture medium with chromium (VI) concentrations varying from 0.01 mg / L to 320 mg / L, selecting from this the best strains and identifying them by molecular sequencing technique. After the selection of the isolate, the growth of the isolate at the concentration of 300 mg / L was evaluated over 72 hours compared to the control in medium without the metal. At the same time, a simulated environment with a concentration of 10 mg / L Cr (VI) was monitored with pH monitoring every 12 hours until the final time of 72 hours. Twenty-three strains resistant to the concentration of 300 mg / L of chromium (VI) were obtained, where 18 strains were selected to reduce Cr (VI) and later identified by sequencing the 16S region. Ten bacterial genera were identified, among them the genera Acidovorax sp., Acinetobacter sp., Alicycliphilus sp., Bacillus sp., Comamonas sp., Enterobacter sp., Micrococcus sp., Proteus sp., Serratia sp. and Vagococcus sp. The bacterium of the genus Vagococcus sp. reduced 96.8% Cr (VI) to 10 mg / L in only 24 hours. The growth of this strain at the concentration of 300 mg / L, despite being delayed by the amount of metal present, after 48 hours was equal to the control, showing that this genus has potential for remediation of environments impacted by metals. / A expansão acelerada do centro urbano da cidade de Manaus, tem gerado impactos importantes nos recursos hídricos da região. Em meio a esse cenário, o presente trabalho, tem como objetivo isolar amostras das comunidades bacterianas associadas à água do igarapé do Quarenta, avaliando seus potenciais de biorredução para o cromo hexavalente. A metodologia utilizada inclui a coleta de amostras de água em pontos estratégicos ao longo do igarapé do Quarenta, avaliação dos isolados em meio de cultura com concentrações de cromo (VI) variando de 0,01 mg/L a 320 mg/L, selecionando desta forma, as melhores cepas e identificando-as por técnica molecular de sequenciamento. Após a escolha do isolado, avaliou-se o crescimento deste na concentração de 300 mg/L ao longo de 72 horas em comparação com o controle em meio sem o metal. Simultaneamente, foram realizados testes em meio ambiente simulado com concentração de 10 mg/L de Cr (VI) com monitoramento do pH a cada 12 horas até o tempo final de 72 horas. Obtiveram-se 23 cepas resistentes a concentração de 300 mg/L de cromo (VI), onde dessas cepas foram selecionadas 18 com capacidade de reduzir o Cr (VI) sendo posteriormente identificadas via sequenciamento da região 16S. Foram identificados 10 gêneros bacterianos, entre eles estão os gêneros Acidovorax sp., Acinetobacter sp., Alicycliphilus sp., Bacillus sp., Comamonas sp., Enterobacter sp., Micrococcus sp., Proteus sp., Serratia sp. and Vagococcus sp. A bactéria do gênero Vagococcus sp. reduziu 96,8 % de Cr(VI) a 10 mg/L em apenas 24 horas. O crescimento desta cepa na concentração de 300 mg/L, apesar de ter sido retardado pela quantidade de metal presente, após 48 horas se igualou ao controle, mostrando que esse gênero possui potencial para remediação de ambientes impactados por metais.

This thesis consists of six research chapters, out of which, five have already been published in research journals, 1 is in the process of submission and the last chapter presents original unpublished confidential data in the process of manuscript preparation. The research presented in this thesis concerns the complex mechanisms of bees and wasps immune system focused on microbiota as component of immunity. As shown in the introduction, highly social and managed species of bees like honey bees and bumble bees, play key roles in natural and agricultural ecosystems worldwide. Recent losses of bees have been attributed to pesticide exposure, poor nutrition, increased parasite loads and habitat degradation. Over the past several years, governments, beekeepers, and the general public worldwide have become concerned by increased losses of honey bee colonies, calling for more research on how to keep colonies healthy. Our main aim was to explore the complex mechanisms of bees and related species gut bacterial populations, their links to insect immunity and investigate the opportunities for an intervention. Part of our aim was to characterise the bumble bee and wasp gut microbiota using 16S RNA sequencing in a search for potentially novel bacterial species. We have tried to explain how microbiome interacts with the host and showed that major members of these communities appear to benefit the host. The simple gut communities of social bees present ideal model systems to investigate the underlying evolutionary and genetic processes of such interactions. Information based on our results may help in the design of proper probiotic supplementation strategies with respect to physiological conditions in the honey bee gut.