En lämplig pumpanordning är avgörande för hantering av stora mängder vatten. I det här arbetet kommer fokus ligga på pumpar som består av öppna pumphjul. Vid montering av pumpen bildas en spalt mellan insatsring och pumphjul, som bör ligga inom intervallet 0,5–0,8 mm för optimal effekt. Beroende på toleranskedjor i pumpens ingående komponenter varierar denna spalt mellan olika fall. Spalten justeras idag genom trimbrickor som placeras under insatsringen. Processen kallas för trimning och kräver en mer tidseffektiv lösning eftersom dagens lösning bygger på metoden ”trial and error”. Målet med projektet var således att konstruera ett universalverktyg i syfte att effektivisera trimningsprocessen tidsmässigt. Vidare var målet att även testa verktygets funktionalitet genom en 3D prototyp. Projektet avgränsades i sin tur till att inte undersöka alternativa trimningsmetoder, designändringar på pumpen, tillverkningskostnader samt materialval. Arbetet startades genom ett produktionsbesök i syfte att öka förståelsen kring problemet samt det aktuella pumpsortimentet. Vidare undersöktes bland annat befintliga mätverktyg, standardkomponenter samt relevant antropometri. Dessutom analyserades diverse funktioner och behov som verktyget behövde uppfylla. Därefter påbörjades idegenereringsarbetet främst genom brainstorming, varvid ett koncept valdes för vidareutveckling. Det slutgiltiga resultatet är ett universalverktyg som går att tillämpa på samtliga pumpar i sortimentet för att effektivisera trimningsprocessen. / A suitable pumping device is essential for handling large quantities of water. This study focuses on pumps consisting of open impellers. When installing the pump, a gap is formed between the insert ring and impeller. This gap should be within the range of 0.5–0.8 mm for optimal effect. Depending on tolerance chains in the pump's constituent components, this gap varies between different cases. Currently, the gap is adjusted using trim washers that are placed beneath the insert ring. The process is called trimming and requires a more time efficient solution since the current solution is based on a "trail and error" method. Therefore, the objective of the project was to construct a universal tool with the aim of streamlining the trimming process in terms of time. Additionally, the goal was to test the tool's functionality through a 3D prototype. In turn, the project was limited to not investigating alternative trimming methods, design changes to the pump, manufacturing costs and material selection. The work was commenced through a production visit with the aim of increasing comprehension of the problem and the current pump range. Furthermore, an examination of existing measuring tools, standard components and relevant anthropometry was carried out. In addition, various functions and needs that the tool required to fulfill were analyzed. Thereafter, the idea generation work began mainly through brainstorming, whereby a concept was chosen for further development. The result of the project is a universal tool that can be applied to all pumps in the range to streamline the trimming process.

This project is a combination of mechanical engineering and sustainable development in developing countries. The goal has been to build a windmill driven water pump and to design a small-scale irrigation system for SCC-Vi Agroforestry’s demonstration farm in Musoma, Mara region, Tanzania. The purpose was to enable SCC-Vi Agroforestry to demonstrate and spread knowledge about these techniques to farmers in the region. In 2007, two students from Halmstad University conducted a field study in the Mara region and found that many farmers lack clean and running water. Back in Sweden they constructed a prototype of a windmill that employs wind energy to pump water using a semi-rotary pump. The intention is that local farmers should be able to build their own windmill, and thus have running water in their household. However, the windmill has never been built in Tanzania. The windmill construction in this report is based on the prototype, but the original drawings were changed to fit the specific situation in Tanzania better. Important throughout the project has been to minimise cost and to only use material that local farmers can get hold of. Building and assembling of the windmill were then performed by the authors in co-operation with local workers. The windmill drives a pump that pumps water from a well to a tank for further use in irrigation. Calculations have been made on the energy available in the wind and an energy analysis was then performed to see what wind speed is required for the system to work. If wind speed is low, the windmill can be adjusted by placing the connecting rod closer to the rotation centre where it requires less work to function. As a result of that, the volume of water per stroke will decrease and it will take longer time to fill the tank. This project was carried out during the rainy season when there is less wind; therefore the windmill has not been tested during optimal wind speed conditions. The tests that have been performed during the circumstances at the time showed that the performance of the windmill is consistent with the theoretical calculations. A proposed design for a simple drip irrigation system has been developed based on the conditions at the project area. It is constructed of plastic pipes with holes that emit water. Covers are in place to prevent soil from clogging the holes. Building the irrigation system was not part of this project.

<p>This project is a combination of mechanical engineering and sustainable development in developing countries. The goal has been to build a windmill driven water pump and to design a small-scale irrigation system for SCC-Vi Agroforestry’s demonstration farm in Musoma, Mara region, Tanzania. The purpose was to enable SCC-Vi Agroforestry to demonstrate and spread knowledge about these techniques to farmers in the region.</p><p>In 2007, two students from Halmstad University conducted a field study in the Mara region and found that many farmers lack clean and running water. Back in Sweden they constructed a prototype of a windmill that employs wind energy to pump water using a semi-rotary pump. The intention is that local farmers should be able to build their own windmill, and thus have running water in their household. However, the windmill has never been built in Tanzania.</p><p>The windmill construction in this report is based on the prototype, but the original drawings were changed to fit the specific situation in Tanzania better. Important throughout the project has been to minimise cost and to only use material that local farmers can get hold of. Building and assembling of the windmill were then performed by the authors in co-operation with local workers. The windmill drives a pump that pumps water from a well to a tank for further use in irrigation.</p><p>Calculations have been made on the energy available in the wind and an energy analysis was then performed to see what wind speed is required for the system to work. If wind speed is low, the windmill can be adjusted by placing the connecting rod closer to the rotation centre where it requires less work to function. As a result of that, the volume of water per stroke will decrease and it will take longer time to fill the tank. This project was carried out during the rainy season when there is less wind; therefore the windmill has not been tested during optimal wind speed conditions. The tests that have been performed during the circumstances at the time showed that the performance of the windmill is consistent with the theoretical calculations.</p><p>A proposed design for a simple drip irrigation system has been developed based on the conditions at the project area. It is constructed of plastic pipes with holes that emit water. Covers are in place to prevent soil from clogging the holes. Building the irrigation system was not part of this project.</p>

In this report an illustration of a Home Irrigation System Using Internet Control by Arduino is proposed. This automated system for irrigation identifies the moisture content present in soil and automatically toggles the switching off pump when the power is supplied. An appropriate usage of irrigation system is necessary and it is essential to maintain suitable water content and avoid shortage of water due to lack of rain and spontaneous use of water, to avoid wastage of water. Due to this reason, this home irrigation system can be used to monitor soil moisture. Which is very useful in all climatic conditions. This project aims at reducing excessive and uncontrolled water usage as well as maintaining moisture content of the soil to get healthy irrigation. Home Irrigation System can be used for saving time using monitoring device thus minimizing human effort. Overall, the project achieved its primary goal to avoid the wastage of water while maintaining the moisture content of the soil with less delay in the processing time.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / The following thesis looks into modeling a chilled water system equipped with variable speed drives on different piece of equipment and optimization of system setpoints to achieve energy savings. The research was done by collecting data from a case-study and developing a system of component models that could be linked to simulate the overall system operation.

Thesis (MScEng (Electrical and Electronic Engineering))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009. / The aim of this study is to analyse the operation of a wind-electric pumping system (WEPS) as an alternative to conventional mechanical wind pumps for application in stand-alone water-pumping schemes. The steady-state as well as the dynamic operation of such a system is analysed. Through these analyses, practical guidelines are given in the design and sizing of the different system components to ensure efficient and reliable operation. Theoretical analyses are supported by measured results conducted on a small scale wind-electric pump system. The limitations involved in the design and implementation of a large scale wind-electric pump system are presented through a case study. It is firstly concluded that small-scale wind-electric pump systems have the potential of offering superior performance and flexibility to conventional mechanical wind pumps. It is secondly concluded that large-scale wind-electric pump systems are best suited, in terms of economic and practical feasibility, to pumping applications with low pressures and medium to high wind regimes at the turbine installation site.

The thesis deals with Formula Student cooling system. The thesis is divided to three main parts, the first part deal about description of current cooling system and lubricating system. The second part of thesis deals with measuring individual component of system at measuring stand, wind tunnel and measuring at vehicle. The last part of thesis deal about evaluation of measurement and construction changes for improving parameters of the cooling system.

This thesis deals with the implementation of a system for measuring the amount of water in the tank using a 12V water pump. The whole system is controlled by the ESP32 microcontroller. The introduction deals with the theoretical analysis of various principles of measuring the level of liquids. The next part deals with the procedure of the construction of the measuring device and its theoretical analysis. The last part of the work deals with the control of the pump and the individual functions that provide this control. The ultrasonic distance sensor AJ-SR04M was chosen for the implementation of the device. The volume of water in the tank is calculated from its data. The ESP32 microcontroller provides system control via a web interface. The whole system was implemented and tested to measure the volume of water and its pumping in the IBC container.

Master thesis consists of the construction of a small hydroelectric power play model for laboratory use. The first step is to calculate parameters required for the creation of the 2D model Banki turbine. Next part is a proposal and selection of individual components of the model, such as generator, turbine housing, water circuit, pump and alternator mounting. The last step is to launch the model and verify, if the model of a small hydroelectric power plant achieves the required parameters.

Integrated aquaponic food production systems are capable of producing more food on less land using less water than conventional food systems, and marine systems offer the potential of conserving freshwater resources. However, critical factors such as suitable species combinations, environmental conditions (salinity and pH), and nutrient management (animal to plant ratio, C/N ratio, and dietary crude protein) have not been fully understood for marine systems. There were four objectives in this project. The first objective was to evaluate the growth performance of potential comparable combination (whiteleg shrimp with three halophytic plants) for the development of marine aquaponics with BFT under different salinities. The second objective was to evaluate stocking densities and the C/N ratio on growth and production of whiteleg shrimp and three halophytes. The third objective was evaluation of varying concentrations of dietary crude protein in practical diets fed to shrimp raised in biofloc aquaponic saltwater systems. The fourth objective was to evaluate effects of pH levels and additional C on the growth and production of whiteleg shrimp and five plant species in marine aquaponics. Four conclusions were determined: 1) Regarding marine aquaponics, whiteleg shrimp and the three halophytes (Atriplex hortensis, Salsola komarovii, and Plantago coronopus) are suitable combinations for future development. According to the research results, shrimp performed better in a salinity of 15 and 20 ppt; yet, plants performed better in a salinity of 10 and 15 ppt. Therefore, a salinity of 15 ppt is suggested as the optimal saline condition for shrimp and the three halophytes in an indoor marine aquaponics system. In addition, inoculating probiotics do have the efficiency of stabilizing water quality, cultivating microbial community, and enhancing the health of shrimp and plants in the operation of aquaponics. 2) The stocking density ratio and C/N ratio exerted significant impacts on the performance of shrimp and plants in marine aquaponics. Shrimp performed better with the stocking density of 2:1 and 3:1, with no impact from the C/N ratio. Conversely, plants performed better with the stocking density of 3:1 and 5:1 with the C/N ratio at 15. Therefore, a stocking density ratio of 3:1 with a C/N ratio at 15 is suggested as the optimal condition for shrimp and the three halophytes in an indoor marine aquaponic food production system. Inoculating the water with biofloc and applying probiotics regularly can enhance the management of water quality and the health of shrimp and plants in aquaponics. 3) Among the findings of the study, shrimp growth was not affected by the protein content of the feed, suggesting that it is possible to use feeds with lower protein concentration when culturing shrimp in biofloc-based marine aquaponics. However, plants grew better in the treatments with higher protein content feed in the early and middle stages of production. Hence, for maximum production, providing a higher protein concentration feed (35 %) in the early stages of system start-up, and switching to a lower protein concentration feed (30 %) in the later stages of cultivation might be feasible. 4) The current study found no significant effects of pH or additional C on shrimp performance. In contrast, plants grew better in lower pH treatments, while additional C supplements improved the performance of plants grown in higher pH treatments and had similar results to the lower pH treatments. We suggest that RO water is not suitable source of water for shrimp-based marine aquaponics if ionic composition is not managed. The addition of C, however, led to improved growth and yields of most plants. Hence, adding C can be a promising approach in marine aquaponics to enhance the resistance to the abiotic stress of plants and improve their growth.<div> <br>The present study on marine aquaponics has produced important findings that will fill some knowledge gaps, provide management guidelines for production, and facilitate its development. <br></div>