• Refine Query
  • Source
  • Publication year
  • to
  • Language
  • 3029
  • 323
  • 231
  • 125
  • 116
  • 92
  • 49
  • 47
  • 37
  • 32
  • 32
  • 32
  • 32
  • 32
  • 31
  • Tagged with
  • 5564
  • 2912
  • 1294
  • 1015
  • 896
  • 857
  • 847
  • 677
  • 636
  • 617
  • 532
  • 433
  • 428
  • 417
  • 417
  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
81

Optimism, coping, and adaptation in older women.

Boland, Anne. January 1995 (has links)
This study looked at the relations among optimism, perception of stress, coping, and adaptation in women over the age of 60. It was hypothesized that optimism in older women would be associated with lower levels of perceived stress, a greater propensity to appraise stressors as challenges rather than as threats or losses, more adaptive coping strategies, fewer symptoms of distress, and higher levels of life satisfaction. The study used a prospective correlational design. One hundred and thirteen women took part in two interviews, separated by a minimum interval of three months. Although optimism was found to be correlated with most of the dependent variables (DVs), hierarchical regression analyses revealed that it lost its predictive power when the effects of the covariates, particularly Time 1 measures of the DVs and neuroticism, were statistically removed. The most important predictors of coping, distress, and life satisfaction were initial measures of these variables, followed by neuroticism. The discussion of the findings revolved around the importance of clarifying the construct of optimism. It was concluded that more research is needed to determine whether it is best conceptualized as bipolar or two-dimensional; in the latter case, optimism and pessimism would be related but separate constructs. Furthermore, the relationship of these constructs with neuroticism and extraversion needs to be further clarified. The results raise the question of whether the constructs of optimism and pessimism are subsumable under one or more of the "Big Five" personality factors (i.e., neuroticism, extraversion, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness).
82

La déconstruction de la femme-nature.

Benson, Michelle. January 1995 (has links)
Ce mémoire de maîtrise se veut une lecture critique des textes rediges par l'anthropologue francaise Nicole-Claude Mathieu sur une periode de 20 ans et reunis sous le titre L'anatomie politique publie en 1991. Il s'agit d'un examen de l'entreprise scientifique de Mathieu, c'est-a-dire sa deconstruction de la femme-nature contestant l'opposition structurale homme-femme, nature-culture par le biais des categories sexe-genere pour donne lieu a la conception d'une nouvelle epistemologie visant a rendre compte de l'asymetrie au niveau des rapports entre les sexes. Toutefois, l'orientation des travaux de Mathieu vers une theorie qui valorisait la specificite culturelle mene ultimement a l'occultation du biologique. La conclusion propose qu'a l'avenir, il vaudrait mieux s'abstenir de construire un discours feministe a partir des fondements de la valeur nature-culture. Les faiblesses de cette approche sont mises en evidence dans le questionnement sur l'efficacite operative de cette dichotomie.
83

The transition to motherhood: A phenomenological study of women's experiences as first-time mothers.

Cudmore, Laurinda Gayle. January 1997 (has links)
The transition to motherhood is a transformative experience in a woman's life that has generated increasing interest as a subject of research. The majority of studies that have investigated the phenomenon of first time motherhood employ traditional research methods which tend to fragment the woman's lived experience of becoming and being a mother. Consequently, they provide little in-depth understanding of the meaning of new motherhood as lived by the woman. The present study explored the phenomenon of first time motherhood using a discovery oriented, phenomenological approach, which seeks to gain an in-depth understanding of the nature and meaning of phenomena as lived and experienced by human beings. The phenomenological method systematized by Giorgi (1985), and based on the phenomenological methods of both Husserl and Merleau-Ponty was used. Written and oral descriptions of four new mothers were analyzed and situated meaning structures as well as a general meaning structure of the phenomenon of becoming and being a mother were articulated. The findings of this study revealed the general meaning structure of new motherhood to include the following interrelated dimensions: (1) The emergence of a profoundly close and loving relationship with one's baby which includes a shared emotional world between the new mother and her baby, a deep and primordial need to protect her baby from harm, a sense of responsibility and commitment to care for her baby now and in the future, and feeling captivated by the very presence of her newborn; (2) Living with one's child as an enduring presence which includes a sense of responsibility and caring in the baby's presence as well as in his absence, experiencing her "self" as second to her baby, and a loss freedom for herself; (3) Experiencing an expanding horizon of interrelatedness that involves a new feeling of closeness in the mother's relationships with others, in particular with her spouse but also with other family members and new mothers generally, grounded in shared experience and mutual understanding.
84

Gifted women's perspectives on giftedness and success.

Norgang, Gloria. January 1994 (has links)
The prototypical study of giftedness is the study of youth selected on the basis of the IQ score. Its counterpart, in the study of success, is the study of eminent men, particularly those who have achieved in the domains of science or mathematics. Though research concerning giftedness and success has been more varied than these models, they are reflective of research tendencies toward: the equation of giftedness with IQ; the focus on youth as a potential national resource; the measurement of success in product-oriented competitive terms such as vocational achievement or eminence; and the relative neglect of adult women in the study of success. To address areas disregarded in the above-mentioned research predilections, the present study was intended to explore more inclusive approaches to giftedness and success. More specifically, it was designed to address the following two concerns: (1) the need for research regarding gifted women selected and studied on the basis of definitions of giftedness which include developmental, creative, and emotional aspects of giftedness; and (2) the need for research concerning gifted women's perspectives on giftedness and success. The study was informed by a feminist perspective, and included a criterion-based selection of 13 Canadian adult women, ages 19-56, who were identified on the basis of their participation in ultrarunning events of 50-1300 miles in length. Two non-hierarchical interviews, of approximately two hours, were conducted with each woman. The data were analyzed qualitatively, and this iterative process was supported by the use of a reflexive journal, and by peer debriefing. A preliminary report of all findings was submitted to the participants in the study for member checking. The results of the present study indicate that gifted women's perspectives are consistent in some ways with the definitions of giftedness and success common in the research literature. Where they denote a difference is in these women's relative disinterest in product-oriented approaches and their emphasis on process-oriented approaches. Their definitions of giftedness focused on: the discovery and application of one's gifts, belief in self, compassion, and transformation. With regard to success, they emphasized: living consciously, inner recognition, and community. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
85

The response of the Canadian women's movement to the crisis of the welfare state.

Nicholds, Krista. January 1994 (has links)
Abstract Not Available.
86

Early career retention among undergraduate degree holders in science and technology: A five-year follow-up of a national Canadian sample.

Worth Gavin, Darlene A. January 1996 (has links)
Both government and private industry are concerned as to why young Canadians, particularly young women, hesitate to choose careers in the growing labour markets of science and technology (S&T). Aggregate data suggest that women not only enter into S&T-related endeavours in disproportionately lower numbers than men, but also exit from S&T careers at higher rates than do their male counterparts. This investigation's primary objective was to establish comparative rates of "loss" (non-retention) of highly trained young women and young men from the fields of S&T in Canada. Its secondary objective was to conduct a preliminary investigation into some potential social and psychological correlates of retention (and non-retention) in S&T careers. A national sample ($N=3158$) of Natural Science, Engineering, Life Science/Health Professions, and Mathematics/Computer Science (NELM) bachelor's degree holders participated. Statistics Canada surveyed 1212 women and 1946 men in NELM fields from the university graduating classes of 1986, two- and five-years after graduation (i.e., in 1988 and 1991). A set of four complementary hypotheses were tested in order to investigate the fundamental postulation that early career retention among undergraduate degree holders in S&T would be proportionately lower for young women than for young men. Findings at both the two- and five-year follow-ups showed highly similar retention-rates for women and men. Women had only slightly high non-retention rates than men ($\sim$5%) among Natural Science and Mathematics graduates; rates were approximately equal among Engineering and Life Science graduates. In direct and sequential logistic regression analyses conducted to predict the probability of retention (vs. non-retention) in S&T at post-graduation year-5, the main predictor variable of interest--sex--consistently failed to reliably predict retention (vs. non-retention) in S&T, even after controlling for the effects of the following antecedent variables: level of mother's and father's education; respondents' age; marital status at 2-years; number of dependent children at 2-years; intrinsic and extrinsic motivation for originally having enrolled in an N, E, L, or M program of study, further education at 2-years; income at 2-years; job satisfaction at 2-years; and, salary satisfaction at 2-years. Findings had two main policy implications, first with regard to the relative insignificance of sex in the prediction of persistence in S&T, and second with regard to the importance of further education and training in predicting this outcome. These are discussed in light of the inter-related issues of lessening the shortage of highly qualified S&T personnel in Canada and of eliminating the underrepresentation of women in Canada's S&T community.
87

The school-to-work transition: Voice in the search for occupational identity.

Simser, Cheryl Kathleen. January 1996 (has links)
This thesis is the story of a young woman enrolled in a co-operative education program in a Canadian secondary school. It examines the relationship between her school-to-work transition, occupational identity development and relational voice as she negotiates her emerging role in the adult world of work. In particular, the thesis focuses on the contradictions, struggles, and realities within her personal and professional relationships, school experiences, and part-time work. Data were collected from in depth interviews and periods of observation both in school and at her work placement. The thesis also presents a methodological model with which to conduct critical, reflective life story research. It identifies the need for critical reflection as a regular part of the preparation and implementation of ongoing research activities involving the study of relational voices and related topics.
88

Women's breast cancer screening practices, knowledge, attitudes, and decisional conflict.

De Grasse, Catherine. January 1995 (has links)
Morbidity and mortality from breast cancer can be reduced by early detection through screening. Despite recommended guidelines for breast screening since 1988, participation rates have been suboptimal. The objectives of the current study were to describe: (1) changes in breast cancer screening knowledge, attitudes, decisional conflict, intentions and practices among women aged 50-69 years since initiation of a regional mass screening program in Ottawa-Carleton in 1991; and (2) breast cancer screening knowledge attitudes, intentions, and practices among women aged 40-49 years compared to women aged 50-69 years. Among women aged 50-69 years, the percentage ever having had a mammogram increased from 60% in 1991 to 83% in 1994. There were commensurate increases in the percentage reporting mammography within two years from 47% to 74%. There was an insignificant improvement in the annual professional breast examination (PBE) rate from 57% to 59%. A small, but statistically significant increase occurred in monthly breast self-examination (BSE) rate from 46% to 54%. Women in their forties continue to overutilize screening mammography; 63% reported ever having had a mammogram and 44% reported having had a mammogram within the past two years. Reported annual PBE and monthly BSE rates of women aged 40-49 years were comparable to the rates of women aged 50-69 years; 63% versus 59% and 48% versus 54% respectively. Intentions to have mammography every two years once they are 50 years and to have annual PBE were similar to those of women 50-69 years, however, they were more likely to accept an invitation to screening (71% versus 56%). Women 40-49 years were more knowledgeable than women 50-69 years while they had similar concerns about future mammography as the women over 50 years. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
89

Temps et enfermement : récits de femmes.

Mercenier, Frédérique. January 1995 (has links)
L'objet de cette recherche consiste en un questionnement de la dimension temporelle de l'enfermement. Il s'articule autour de deux facettes du temps: la premiere, subjective, est centree sur le rapport au temps, sur la maniere dont il est vecu par des femmes incarcerees; la seconde, objective, s'interesse a sa regulation par l'institution carcerale. Le premier theme developpe questionne le rapport que les femmes incarcerees entretiennent avec le temps de leur sentence. Ce dernier est vecu comme un probleme existentiel, la survie necessitant une recherche de sens qui sera l'enjeu f'une dechirure identitaire. Le second theme examine la dialectique enter le temps institue et instituant ainsi que le rapport de soumission des femmes a cette structure spatio-temporelle rigide, enjeu eventuel d'une rupture identitaire. Le dernier theme consiste en la resultante des deux premiers par l'etude du positionnement dans le passe, le present et l'avenir ainsi que l'insecription du temps carceral dans la trajectoire de vie. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
90

Gender typifications and the experiences of survivors of child sexual abuse by female perpetrators: A qualitative analysis.

Denov, Myriam. January 1996 (has links)
As a result of contemporary North American culture's reliance on the gender typifications that females are nurturing, sexually passive, and frequent victims of abuse, and that males are assertive, sexually aggressive, and frequent perpetraturs of abuse, people are more likely to perceive of females in the role of sexual abuse victims and males in the role of sexual abuse perpetrators. Furthermore, males are assumed to enjoy or profit from any form of sexual contact with females, and females are assumed to be incapable of causing harm through coercive sexual contact. This study demonstrates that such gender typifications overlook other "atypical" or "deviant" realities, namely the reality where females are perpetrators of sexual abuse and males or females are their victims. Moreover, the experiences of victims of sexual abuse by females clearly defy conventional gender typifications. Their reported experiences reveal that females can he perpetrators of sexual abuse, males can be sexually victimized by females, males do not enjoy or profit from coerced sexual contact with females, and that there can be varying degrees of psychological harm following coerced sexual contact with a female. Finally, this study reveals that there are consequences to opposing gender typifications. The survivors of sexual abuse in this study faced negative consequences as a result of reporting a reality that defied the "typical". Participants maintained that professionals, be they, police officers, child protection agents and mental health professionals, responded to their claims of sexual abuse with shock, disbelief, and denied their victimization and injury as a result of the gender of their sexual abuse perpetrator. Professionals often renegotiated the behaviours of alleged female perpetrators so that they were more consistent with conventional gender roles. According to respondents, the responses of professionals' heightened their feelings of self-blame, denial, resignation, anger and helplessness. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)

Page generated in 0.0605 seconds