Thesis (D. Min.)--Ashland Theological Seminary, 2006. / Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 159-171).

No description available.

ZARANZA, Janaina Sampaio. Amores exilados: revelações sobre a sexualidade enclausurada. 2004. 181f. – Dissertação (Mestrado) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Programa de Pós-graduação em Sociologia, Fortaleza (CE), 2004. / Submitted by Márcia Araújo (marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2014-01-21T15:43:06Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2004-DIS-JSZARANZA.pdf: 946008 bytes, checksum: 9fe4a9453bba8061465143e70948d9db (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Márcia Araújo(marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2014-01-21T16:12:39Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2004-DIS-JSZARANZA.pdf: 946008 bytes, checksum: 9fe4a9453bba8061465143e70948d9db (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-01-21T16:12:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2004-DIS-JSZARANZA.pdf: 946008 bytes, checksum: 9fe4a9453bba8061465143e70948d9db (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004 / This dissertation aims at understanding affective relations that women develop within a space in which they are denied liberty; having as its dominant theme the intimate visit (a benefit conferred the inmate to receive someone on an affective or sexual visit). It is explained how the game of sexual interests is developed within prison’s daily activities involving women with their male and female partners (dealing as well with homoaffective and bisexual relations), people which live not only within but outside the jail, compounding in this way the concept of “Intimate Visit” and demonstrating how this practice is constructed in order to help female inmates lead a sexual life, relating with a male or female partner and maintaining bonds with their families. Besides affective and familiar relations, other types of relations are considered in this work in respect to the complexity of life within prison walls including relations with social agents and policemen. Therefore, it is also considered the role of those social agents as characters who populated as a whole the prison’s universe and whose postures, decisions and actions investigated during the field research are important to the analysis. / Esta dissertação tem o intuito de compreender as relações afetivas que as mulheres constroem em um espaço de privação de liberdade, tendo como fio condutor o benefício da Visita Íntima (Benefício que garante direito de encontro tanto afetivo como sexual para mulheres encarceradas). Elucido como se dá o jogo de interesses sexuais dentro do cotidiano do cárcere, o envolvimento das mulheres com seus companheiros e companheiras (investigando também relações homoafetivas e bissexuais), que estão no mundo externo e interno do cárcere, percebendo assim a “Visita Íntima”, demonstrando como se dá a construção deste percurso, o qual as mulheres detentas perpassam para vivenciarem sua sexualidade e se relacionarem com o companheiro, a companheira, filhos e a família. Além das relações afetivas e familiares, considero outros tipos de relações que as mulheres constroem dentro da complexidade do cotidiano do presídio, como a relação social com outros agentes prisionais e policiais. Portanto, também levo em consideração a participação dos agentes sociais citados acima, como figuras que percorrem todo universo prisional, através de posturas, decisões, ações e reações no interior do espaço do cárcere que através da pesquisa de campo, mostraram-se significativos para a análise.

FundaÃÃo de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Cearà / Esta dissertaÃÃo tem o intuito de compreender as relaÃÃes afetivas que as mulheres constroem em um espaÃo de privaÃÃo de liberdade, tendo como fio condutor o benefÃcio da Visita Ãntima (BenefÃcio que garante direito de encontro tanto afetivo como sexual para mulheres encarceradas). Elucido como se dà o jogo de interesses sexuais dentro do cotidiano do cÃrcere, o envolvimento das mulheres com seus companheiros e companheiras (investigando tambÃm relaÃÃes homoafetivas e bissexuais), que estÃo no mundo externo e interno do cÃrcere, percebendo assim a âVisita Ãntimaâ, demonstrando como se dà a construÃÃo deste percurso, o qual as mulheres detentas perpassam para vivenciarem sua sexualidade e se relacionarem com o companheiro, a companheira, filhos e a famÃlia. AlÃm das relaÃÃes afetivas e familiares, considero outros tipos de relaÃÃes que as mulheres constroem dentro da complexidade do cotidiano do presÃdio, como a relaÃÃo social com outros agentes prisionais e policiais. Portanto, tambÃm levo em consideraÃÃo a participaÃÃo dos agentes sociais citados acima, como figuras que percorrem todo universo prisional, atravÃs de posturas, decisÃes, aÃÃes e reaÃÃes no interior do espaÃo do cÃrcere que atravÃs da pesquisa de campo, mostraram-se significativos para a anÃlise. / This dissertation aims at understanding affective relations that women develop within a space in which they are denied liberty; having as its dominant theme the intimate visit (a benefit conferred the inmate to receive someone on an affective or sexual visit). It is explained how the game of sexual interests is developed within prisonâs daily activities involving women with their male and female partners (dealing as well with homoaffective and bisexual relations), people which live not only within but outside the jail, compounding in this way the concept of âIntimate Visitâ and demonstrating how this practice is constructed in order to help female inmates lead a sexual life, relating with a male or female partner and maintaining bonds with their families. Besides affective and familiar relations, other types of relations are considered in this work in respect to the complexity of life within prison walls including relations with social agents and policemen. Therefore, it is also considered the role of those social agents as characters who populated as a whole the prisonâs universe and whose postures, decisions and actions investigated during the field research are important to the analysis.

LL.M. (International Law) / At any given time, there are about 10 million people held in prisons around the world, with about 668,000 of these incarcerated in sub-Saharan Africa and about one million in the continent in total. On the continent, female prisoners – an estimated five per cent of the population – are particularly vulnerable to human rights violations due to their historical inequalities, socio-economic vulnerabilities and a gender- slanted criminal justice system. The African Charter on Human and People’s Rights guarantees the rights of detainees through the interpretation of several articles. The vulnerabilities of women detainees highlight the need to prioritise the rights of women in a system that is wholly unequal, fostering the rights to non-discrimination and promoting equality before the law,6 as recognised by the charter. Besides numerous international instruments, several resolutions and declarations have been adopted on the continent regarding the general rights of detainees through the African Commission on Human and People’s Rights. These instruments aim to prohibit cruel treatment and torture,make provision for fair access and treatment under the judicial system, create a standard for reasonable prison conditions, accelerate penal reform and through the Special Rapporteur on Prisons (SRP), monitor the promotion and protection of the rights of detainees...

Many women in prison are likely to have children, but for various reasons may not be playing the role of primary caregiver prior to incarceration, and may be unable to fulfill this role when released. This research was designed to investigate the interpersonal difficulties that may contribute to the parenting problems of this unique population. Female offenders have an increased likelihood of personality pathology and history of abuse, creating a set of circumstances that affect these women's ability to have satisfactory relationships. This may be manifested in an orientation towards relationships that could be classified as an insecure attachment style, although it is not the relationship per se that is classified as an insecure attachment style; rather, the insecure attachment style (or pattern) refers to the individual's view of themselves and others, and their attachment style may then influence their responses to others in intimate relationships (e.g., their warmth, caregiving, jealousy, ability to trust, etc). The female offender population provides a distinctive opportunity for investigating the relationships between attachment styles and incarcerated women's personality pathology, experiences with their primary caregivers, as well as their own experiences as mothers. The attachment styles of one hundred eleven incarcerated female inmates were assessed using the Relationship Questionnaire (RQ; Bartholomew & Horowitz, 1991) and the Experience in Close Relationships Inventory (ECRI; Brennan, Clark, & Shaver, 1998), and a sub-sample of these women were interviewed using the Peer Attachment Interview (Bartholomew & Horowitz, 1991). Offenders were also assessed for quality of relationships with parents using the Egna Minnen Betraffande Uppfostran (EMBU; Perris, Jacobsson, Lindstrom, von Knorring, & Perris, 1980), as well as with children using the Parental Stress Scale (PSS; Berry & Jones, 1995) and a Parental Bonding Interview (created specifically for this research to gather information about parent-child relationships, the level of caregiving provided to the child, and the mother's subjective account of her parenting experiences). The SCID-Il Clinical Interview (First, Gibbon, Spitzer, Williams, & Benjamin, 1997) was used to assess for personality disorder characteristics, which have been found in previous research to be prevalent in female offender populations. It was found that three-quarters of the women in the sample had given birth to children, however, 88.4% were no longer playing the role of primary caregiver upon incarceration. Nearly 61% of respondents claimed that social services had taken at least one child away, and 38.2% claimed that they had voluntarily given their children away. Reasons for no longer having custody varied, but the majority of women (70%) reported that drug and alcohol abuse was a major factor. Further, it was found that women in the sample were characterized by insecure attachment styles. Characteristics of personality disorders were present in over 73% of the sample. Results showed a high rate of abuse in childhood by primary caregivers, high levels of parental rejection, and low levels of parental warmth. In addition, participants reported unstable relationships with the fathers of their children. Further, the presence of an insecure attachment style was related to higher mean number of personality disorder characteristics, higher reported means of maternal and paternal rejection, and higher reported means of emotional and physical abuse by fathers. Impression management was found to be an issue with the respect to the majority of the measured utilized in the research. The goal of this research was to attain a greater understanding of the interpersonal difficulties of the female offender population, and how family, romantic, and peer relationships are related to parenting difficulties for these women. These issues, as well as limitations surrounding the use of current attachment measures, are discussed herein. / Arts, Faculty of / Psychology, Department of / Graduate

Although significant research has shed light on what happens to children when they are removed from their parents, few studies have explored the effects on parents undergoing separation from their children. Discussions tend to be confined to separate dimensions exploring child’s needs on one side and parental obligations on the other. Much of the planning and prolonged care provided for children in placement reflects a traditional child-centered focus. This has led to a lack of attention to parental needs, and a gross ignorance about their lives, feelings and aspirations. When women are involuntarily separated from their children through incarceration, a more complex disruption between parent and child occurs. There is systemic research done on the unique nature and meaning of this separation to mothers. With this in mind, the focus of this descriptive study has been on the exploration of feelings and attitudes of imprisoned mothers regarding enforced separation from their children and the effects of imprisonment on their maternal role.

No description available.

Abstract in English, Zulu and Xhosa / The study’s intent is to explore challenges experienced by incarcerated mothers relating to childcare, based at the Durban Westville Correctional Centre. The theoretic framework of this study encompasses the Relational Theory, the Gendered Pathways Theory, and the General Strain Theory. This research utilises the qualitative research technique. Semi-structured, open-ended interviewing was concluded with 15 incarcerated mothers based at the Durban Westville Correctional Centre using the probability sampling technique.The relationship between a mother and her children is of paramount importance, even for incarcerated mothers. However, incarcerated mothers are unable to tend to their childcare responsibilities due to their physical and emotional limitations presented by incarceration. Incarcerated mothers in this study expressed their challenges experienced and their need for rehabilitation programmes to help them mitigate their childcare challenges. The research reveals that some of the incarcerated mothers have experienced traumatic backgrounds inclusive of emotional strains, financial impediments, verbal abuse, physical abuse and sexual abuse prior to their incarceration. Their challenges exacerbate whilst incarcerated and literature referred to denotes that their challenges continue post-release. Rehabilitation and reintegration of the offender have become the primary focus for the Department of Correctional Services seeing that its scope of service has shifted from a system of “control” to that of rehabilitation. The study indicates gaps in the rehabilitation programmes offered by the Department. Further, the study intends to make recommendations to the Department of Correctional Services on implementing rehabilitation programmes that aid and support a healthy mother and child bond. Such programmes would assist by enlightening, educating and encouraging incarcerated mothers to tighten and protect unions with their children and for the Department to offer special visitation programmes that aid such a process / Inhloso yalolu cwaningo ukuhlola izinselele ezitholwa omama ababoshiwe ngokuphathelene nokunakekelwa kwezingane, esekelwe eThekwini West Correctional Centre. Uhlaka lwama-theoretic walolu cwaningo luhlanganisa i-Theory Theory, i-Gendered Pathways Theory, ne-General Strain Theory. Lolu cwaningo lusebenzisa indlela yokucwaninga yekhwalithi. Izingxoxo ezinemihlangano evulekile, evuliwe ziphelile nabomama abangu-15 ababoshiwe base-Durban Westville Correctional Centre basebenzisa inqubo yokwenza isampula. Ubuhlobo phakathi komama nezingane zakhe bubaluleke kakhulu, ngisho nakumama ababoshiwe. Kodwa-ke, omama ababoshiwe abakwazi ukuthambekela emithwalweni yabo yokunakekelwa kwengane ngenxa yokwehluleka kwabo ngokomzimba nangokomzwelo okuvezwe ukuboshwa. Owesifazane abangenalutho kulolu cwaningo babonisa izinselele zabo abahlangabezana nazo kanye nesidingo sabo sokuvuselela izinhlelo zokusiza ekunciphiseni izinselelo zabo zokunakekela izingane. Ucwaningo lwembula ukuthi abanye omama ababoshiwe baye babhekana nezizinda ezibuhlungu ezihlanganisa izinkinga zomzwelo, izithiyo zemali, ukuhlukunyezwa ngamazwi, ukuxhashazwa ngokomzimba nokuhlukunyezwa ngokocansi ngaphambi kokuboshwa kwabo. Izinselelo zabo zikhungatheka kanti iziboshwa ezibhekiswe kuzo zikhomba ukuthi izinselele zabo ziqhubeka nokukhululwa. Ukuvuselelwa nokubuyiselwa kabusha kwalowo owenze iphutha kuye kwaba yiyona ndlela eyinhloko eMnyangweni Wezokwelulekwa Kwezempilo ngokubona ukuthi izinga labo lensizakalo lishintshile ohlelweni "lokulawula" kulokho lokuvuselelwa. Ucwaningo lubonisa izikhala ezinhlelweni zokuvuselela ezinikezwe uMnyango. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lolu cwaningo luhlose ukwenza izincomo eMnyangweni Wezokwelulekwa Kwezokuqondisa ekusetshenzisweni izinhlelo zokuvuselela ezisiza nokusekela ukuboshwa komama nengane. Izinhlelo ezinjalo zizosiza ekukhanyiseni, ekufundiseni nasekukhuthazeni omama ababoshiwe ukuqinisa nokuvikela izinyunyana nezingane zabo kanye noMnyango ukuhlinzeka ngezinhlelo ezikhethekile zokuvakashelwa ezisiza. / Injongo yesifundo kukuphanda iingxaki ezinokubanjwa koomama abavalelwe ngokubhekiselele ekunakekeleni abantwana, esekelwe kwi-Durban West Correctional Centre. Isikhokelo sobugcisa beli phofu siquka iNkcazo yobudlelwane, iNkcazelo yeGendered Ways, kunye ne-General Strain Theory. Olu phando lusebenzisa ubuchule bokuphanda. Iingxowa-ndlebe ezivulekileyo, ezivulekileyo zagqitywa kunye noomama abathunjiweyo aba-15 basekelwe e-Durban West Correctional Centre basebenzisa ubuchule bokuncedisa. Ubudlelwane phakathi koomama nabantwana bakhe bubaluleke kakhulu, kwanokuba boomama abavalelwe. Nangona kunjalo, oomama abavalelwa bengenakukwazi ukunyamekela uxanduva lwabo lokunakekela abantwana ngenxa yokunciphisa ngokomzimba nangokomzwelo owenziwe ngokubanjwa. Oomama abangabandakanyekanga kulolu cwaningo babonisa imingeni yabo kunye neemfuno zabo zokuphucula iinkqubo zokubanceda ukunciphisa imingeni yokunakekela abantwana. Uphando luyabonisa ukuba abanye babamama abavalelwe bavaleleke kwimvelaphi ephazamisayo, kuquka imingcipheko yemvakalelo, iimingcipheko zemali, ukuxhaphazwa ngamagama, ukusetyenziswa kakubi ngokomzimba nokuxhaphazwa ngokwesondo ngaphambi kokuvalelwa. Imingeni yabo inzima xa iboshwe kunye neencwadi ezibhekiswe kuzo zibonisa ukuba imingeni yabo iyaqhubeka yokukhululwa. Ukubuyiselwa kwakhona nokubuyiswa kwakhona komenzi wesono kuye kwaba yintloko ekujoliswe kuyo kwiSebe leeNkonzo zoLuleko ekuboneni ukuba ububanzi beenkonzo sele buyekelele kwinkqubo "yokulawula" leyo yokubuyiswa. Uphononongo lubonisa izikhala kwiiprogram zokuvuselela ezinikezelwa liSebe. Ukuqhubela phambili, isifundo sinenjongo yokwenza iingcebiso kwiSebe leeNkonzo zoLuleko ekuphunyezweni iinkqubo zokubuyisela ukuxhasa nokuxhasa unxibelelwano lomama nomntwana. Ezi nkqubo zinokuncedisa ngokukhanyisa, ukufundisa nokukhuthaza oomama abavalelwe ukuqinisa kunye nokukhusela iimanyano nabantwana babo kunye neSebe ukwenzela iinkqubo zokutyelela ezikhethekileyo. / Corrections Management / M.A. (Correctional Management)

There has been a significant increase in the nation's female incarceration rate. During 2006, the number of women in prison increased by approximately 4.5 %. The increase of female prisoners from 2005 to 2006 was larger than the average growth rate of 2.9% from 2000 through 2005. Women ages 35 to 39 made up the largest percentage of female prisoners. At the end of 2006, females made up 7.2% of the prison population under State or Federal jurisdiction, up from 6.7% in 2000. Oklahoma had the highest female incarceration rate in the nation, approximately 129, 000 inmates; followed by Louisiana, which incarcerated 108, 000 female inmates (Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2006). The purpose of this study was to describe how college- educated incarcerated females in a state prison perceived their incarceration experiences. The central research question was: how do college-educated incarcerated females perceive their incarceration experience? Data were collected by conducting interviews with nine women who had a minimum of two years of college-level coursework from a regionally accredited college or university and who did not have a history of drug abuse. Findings suggest that while there are negative aspects of college-educated females' incarceration experiences, the totality of the experience was not negatively perceived.