This thesis deals with suggestions of appropriate changes in a concept of incentive system in the particular company. Changes will be suggested based on the theoretical background and the current state in the company. The proposed solutions will be used as a concept for increasing the satisfaction and loyalty of workers, to reduce the sickness and fluctuation and on the basis of these sub-goals to improve performance throughout the organization.

Diploma thesis deals with the assessment of volatile organic compounds contamination of selected working environment in Gumotex, joint stock company using passive sampling. The theoretical part contains description of these compounds and their reactions in the atmosphere, practical use of these substances and their effect on human health. The possibilities of passive sampling and determination of these substances are described as well. The experimental part contains analysis of volatile organic compounds at two selected workplaces in Gumotex, joint stock company using passive samplers Radiello. Final determination by gas chromatography with flame ionization detector was preceded by adsorption surface extraction of sampler with carbon disulfide. In conclusion, obtained data are compared with the permissible exposure limits and maximum allowable concentrations, which are defined by the National Health Institute.

The subject of this thesis is the analysis and evaluation of the work environment ( job satisfaction ) in connection with motivation and stimulation in the selected company. The intention of the thesis is to analyze the company, to point out the importance of optimal motivation in connection with an appropriate working environment to identify potential weaknesses and propose solutions for efficient use of the human potential. In the theoretical level, based on studied professional literature, it defines the basic concepts and standards related to motivation and work environment. The following practical part presents the results of an analysis of the work environment in connection with motivation and stimulation in a specific organization based in the Czech Republic.

This thesis examines the current state of the remuneration system in the selected company AT Weldsteel Ltd. The theoretical part defines the basic terms of motivation and remuneration system and evaluation of employees. The practical part is concerned with the present state of the company and include a questionnaire survey. For a more objective assessment of the situation is made even a research among employers and employees in the most important area - motivation. The final part contains a suggestion for improvement and the overall economic evaluation.

Este estudio describe la percepción del clima laboral de mujeres limeñas recién egresadas de la universidad, con una experiencia laboral de nueve y doce meses en el rubro STEM (ciencia, tecnología, ingeniería y matemáticas). El estudio del clima laboral es importante en el desarrollo de los trabajadores, ya que es el modo en que estos perciben su contexto laboral. Este clima está formado por sentimientos positivos o negativos, acciones de la empresa y por la interacción entre el personal. El estudio se realizó bajo un enfoque cualitativo que involucra la herramienta de entrevistas semiestructuradas, a profundidad, a quince mujeres recién egresadas de la universidad que están empezando su vida laboral. Las quince participantes indicaron que se han enfrentado a filtros de género, desvaloración de su talento y acoso sexual laboral, todo lo cual ha afectado su clima de trabajo. Existe, entonces, un clima de desprotección en el que no hay igualdad de oportunidades laborales y se subestima la capacidad intelectual femenina. Este clima laboral negativo podría ser un riesgo para la retención y atracción de talento calificado. / This study describes the perception of the work environment of recently graduated Lima women with nine to twelve months of work experience in the STEM field (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics). The study of the work environment is important in the development of employees, since it is the way in which they perceive their work context. This environment is formed by positive or negative feelings, actions of the company and by the interaction among workers. The study was carried out under a qualitative approach that involves the tool of semi-structured in-depth interviews to fifteen recently graduated women who are beginning their working life. The fifteen participants indicated that they have faced gender filters, devaluation of their talent and sexual harassment that have affected their work climate. There is then a climate of vulnerability in which there is no equal employment opportunities and female intellectual capacity is underestimated. This negative work environment could be a risk for the retention and attraction of qualified talent. / Tesis

In 1965–1974 a million households were built in Sweden as a part of a project called ”the Million program”. Now, approximately 50 years later when the service life of several components in the buildings has run out, Sweden is facing a major need of renovating these households. Due to the fact that construction increased during that time, the need for renovation will also increase now fifty years later. The question then is how to solve the housing issue for tenants when their apartments are to undergo an extensive renovation as well as how the choice of housing options affects the involved parties, such as developer, contractor and tenant. The purpose with this degree project was to map and compile the housing alternatives available to tenants during a comprehensive renovation of rental housing. At the same time, it was compared what impact on the developer, contractor and tenant the chosen housing alternatives have, based on time, economy and socially. In order to arrive at the results of the work, a fact-based literature study, a case study that followed a real renovation project and several interviews with people in the industry were conducted. The result of this degree projekt is that there are two main housing options for the tenants during a extensive renovation wich are either remain living in their apartments or evacuate their apartments. And the main conclusion is that depending wich housing option the developer chose for the project, the impact on the project and the involved parties varies. Whichever option is chosen, it is a crucial issue.

Purpose – The purpose of the study is to create an understanding of the factors contributing to deviations in the internal document handling at a manufacturing company. When minimising the faults in the document it leads to higher effectiveness for the company. Method – A case study has been conducted at a company. The methods that were used to collect empirical data were interviews and document studies. The theoretical framework was found using a systematic review of what has been studied before. By combing the empirical data and the theoretical framework the studies purpose will be able to be reached. Findings – The study shows that a manufacturing company need to make sure that they use the employee’s competences since they have the best knowledge on how to manufacture the product. To use their competences the management of the company need to organize the company so that they can get a better view of the employee perspective. To minimise the faults, the disturbing elements need to be removed from the work environment since these distractions cause deviations. The digitalisation of the documents will remove most of the simple document faults, but the digital system must use continuous improvements to maximise the use of the system. Several different underlying factors play a role in why deviations occur, why it is important to monitor and work to improve all factors that cause deviations. From a sustainability perspective, there are reasons to expect a more well-functioning and pleasant workplace that increases social sustainability. Handling the document correct lowers the risk for disposal of products because of document deficiencies, and less raw material and energy will be wasted. Not wasting resources will also save money for the company since they will not need to throw away products. Implications – The results of the study can be used as guidance for organizations that operates in a similar situation with the same prerequisites as the case company. With the support of the study, a business can find the deviations in their document handling and learn how to reduce these. Limitations – The case study has been conducted on one company. If the case study had covered multiple companies, it would have reached greater reliability. Since several factors were considered significant to the study the depth of each factor has been limited. / Syfte – Studiens syfte är därför Att skapa en förståelse för de faktorer som bidrar till att avvikelser uppstår i den interna dokumenthanteringen hos ett tillverkande företag. Detta leder till en högre effektivitet genom att dubbelhanteringen av dokument minskar. Metod – En fallstudie har genomförts med intervjuer och dokumentstudie. Den insamlade empirin har analyserats mot studiens teoretiska ramverk för att besvara forskningsfrågorna och slutligen uppnå studiens syfte. Resultat – Människan har en central roll i hanteringen av dokument och det är avgörande att stödja människan i arbetet för att fel inte skall uppstå. Studien har kommit fram till att företag måste nyttja medarbetarnas kompetenser i större utsträckning då det är medarbetarna som ser vad som fungerar i praktiken. För att nyttja medarbetarnas kompetens behöver företagsledningen organisera verksamheten på ett sådant sätt att de skapar en större förståelse och närhet till verksamheten. Det är även viktigt att aktivt arbeta med att förbättra arbetsmiljön då stress och störande moment är faktorer som leder till att misstag uppstår. Utöver detta bör dokumentationen digitaliseras och ständigt förbättras eftersom en digitalisering tar bort majoriteten av de mänskliga felen genom att införa larm och kontrollpunkter som fångar upp misstag. Det finns flera underliggande faktorer som påverkar varför avvikelser sker. Det varierar mellan vilka faktorer som påverkar vid ett visst tillfälle och det är därför viktigt att arbeta för att förbättra samtliga. En välfungerande och trivsam verksamhet ökar den sociala hållbarheten på arbetsplatsen. Dessutom innebär en korrekt dokumenthantering minskad risk för kassering av icke användbara produkter. Att inte behöva kassera produkter som är färdigtillverkade förbrukar mindre råmaterial och energi, vilket både är dåligt för miljön men även för ekonomin. Implikationer – Studiens resultat kan komma att fungera som en vägledning för verksamheter som verkar i en liknande situation med samma förutsättningar som fallföretaget. Med hjälp av studien kan företag hitta orsaker till avvikelser i sin egen dokumenthantering och därefter minska dessa. Begränsningar – Studien har genomförts på ett företag. Om fler företag hade undersökts hade en större reliabilitet kunnat nås. Då flertalet faktorer ansågs vara viktiga att ta med i studien har djupet för varje faktor fått begränsas i omfattning.

Hot och våld mot socialarbetare har i Sverige mellan åren 2018 och 2020 ökat från en tredjedel utsatta till hälften. Under 2021 rapporterades nästan häften av yrkesverksamma inom socialt arbete under senaste året ha utsatts för någon form av hot eller våld. Tre av tio känner sig missnöjda med stödet från arbetsgivare efter en hot- eller våldsincident. Syftet för denna uppsats blev att undersöka upplevelser hos socialarbetare av hot och våld från klienter. Frågeställningarna var: Hur ser socialarbetares erfarenhet ut av hot och våld från klienter? och Hur upplever socialarbetare att deras arbetsplatser arbetar med frågan om hot och våld från klienter? En kvalitativ metod användes och fem semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes, vilka analyserades med hjälp av dataanalys. Tematiseringen blev våldets former och förekomst, orsaker, påverkan och hantering av våldet. Resultatet analyserades och diskuterades utifrån tidigare forskning samt sociala konstruktioner och organisationsteori. Resultatet visar en upplevelse av hotfulla incidenter på arbetsplatsen. Våldet upplevs orsakas av olika uppfattningar hos klienter och socialtjänst, brist på anmälande av incidenter, samt samhällsförändringar. Våldet påverkar det sociala arbetet i form av att det bidrar till stress och att arbetets kvalitet kan försämras. Ett missnöje finns gällande arbetsplatsernas förebyggande arbete mot hot och våld från klienter. / In Sweden threats and violence against social workers have increased between 2018 and 2020 from one third of social workers being exposed to the half. In 2021 almost half of the social workers were reported to have been exposed to threat or violence. Three of ten feel dissatisfied with the support from employers after an incident. The purpose of this thesis was to investigate experiences among social workers of being exposed to threats and violence from clients. The questions of the study were: What experience do social workers have of being exposed to threats and violence from clients? and How do social workers perceive their workplaces management with client violence? A qualitative method was used and five semi-structured interviews were conducted, which were analyzed by using data analysis. The result was divided in following themes: Type of violence and occurrence, causes, impact and handling. The results were analyzed and discussed based on previous research together with social constructions and organizational theory. The results show an experience of threatening incidents in the workplace. The violence can be caused by clients having another perception than the social services, lack of reporting incidents, and changes in society. Client violence causes stress among social workers and in their working environment, and can lead to poorer quality of the work done by the social worker. There is dissatisfaction with the workplace’s preventive work against threats and violence from clients.

Hoy en día son más los empresarios que necesitan y desean trabajadores comprometidos y leales para con su misión empresarial y a su vez, los colaboradores reclaman también el compromiso con ellos en su desarrollo profesional, personal y creativo. Es por ello que saber gestionar correctamente el clima laboral de una empresa es fundamental para los dueños o gerentes de todo tipo y tamaño de organización. Asimismo, se sabe que muchas empresas conocen de la importancia de un buen clima laboral, pero invertir en infraestructura o procesos dentro de la misma para mejorar el clima laboral resulta en costos muy altos y a veces impagables. Es por ello que se ha desarrollado “Workground”, una plataforma en la cual empresas de todos los tamaños y rubros pueden encontrar diversas opciones para mejorar el clima laboral de las empresas sin necesidad de realizar grandes inversiones o cambios dentro de la estructura de estas, ya que todos los servicios serán ofrecidos por terceros, pero ajustándose a las necesidades de cada organización. Las empresas que ofrecen servicios de co-working, restaurantes saludables, spas, gimnasios, pueden unirse a través de un convenio de descuento por volumen que será pactado previamente con ellos para el beneficio de tanto Workground como el del establecimiento en cuestión. / Nowadays, increased businesspeople need and want committed and loyal workers for their business mission, and, at the same time, employees also demand commitment with them in their professional, personal, and creative development. That is why knowing how to effectively manage the work environment of a company is essential for owners or managers of all types and sizes of organizations. It is also known that many companies are aware of the importance of an excellent work environment but investing in infrastructure or processes within the company to improve the work environment results in extremely high and sometimes unaffordable costs. That is why "Workground" has been developed, a platform in which companies of all sizes and industries can find diverse options to improve the work environment of the companies without the need for large investments or changes within the structure of these, since all services will be offered by third parties, but adjusting to the needs of each organization. Companies that offer co-working services, healthy restaurants, spas, gyms, can join through a volume discount agreement that will be previously agreed with them for the benefit of both Workground and the establishment in question. / Trabajo de investigación

Bakgrund: Palliativ vård är en vårdform flertalet patienter är i behov av världen över. Palliativ vård förekommer inom alla vårdformer varpå majoriteten av sjuksköterskor träffar på patienter i livets slutskede någon gång under yrkeslivet. Sjuksköterskans erfarenheter ämnas undersökas för att se om dessa påverkar palliativ vård och dess kvalitet. Syfte: Syftet är att beskriva sjuksköterskans erfarenheter av att vårda patienter som erhåller palliativ omvårdnad. Metod: Litteraturöversikt samt dataanalys genom kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: 10 originalartiklar inkluderades. Två huvudkategorier identifierades; Sjuksköterskans arbetsmiljö, med subkategorier Emotionell påverkan och Stöd till sjuksköterskan, samt Sjuksköterskans kompetens, med subkategorier Kunskap om livets slutskede och Etiska aspekter. Resultatet pekar på att palliativ vård får sämre kvalitet på grund av sjuksköterskans höga arbetsbelastning och låg kunskapsnivå inom området bland sjuksköterskor. Sjuksköterskans hälsa drabbas av hög arbetsbelastning och när sjuksköterskan ställs inför etiska aspekter som är svåra att ta ställning till. Slutsats: Palliativ vård behöver mer utrymme i sjuksköterskeutbildningen och sjuksköterskor behöver mer tid för debriefing och stöd. Mer forskning skulle behövas på nyexaminerade sjuksköterskor och sjuksköterskestudenter för att se vilka utbildningsinsatser som bäst gynnar kvaliteten på palliativ vård och göra sjuksköterskor mer bekväma med palliativ vård. / Background: Palliative care is needed by a large group of patients all over the world. Palliative care is given in all forms of care and the majority of nurses will meet patients that receives end of life care during their professional career. The nurse’s experiences will be examined to see if they affect palliative care and the quality of it. Aim: The aim is to describe the nurse’s experiences from caring patients that receive palliative nursing care. Method: General literature review with data analysis through qualitative analysis.  Results: 10 original articles was included. Two main categories were identified; The nurse’s working environment, with subcategories Emotional affection and Support to the nurse, and The nurse’s competence, with subcategories Knowledge about end of life care and Ethical aspects. The result shows that palliative care is given with lover quality due to the nurse’s high work load and nurse’s limited knowledge about palliative care. The nurse’s health is affected by the high work load and when the nurse is faced with ethical aspects that are difficult to manage.  Conclusion: Palliative care needs to be involved in the curriculum for the nursing program and nurses need to be able to have debriefings and get support at work. There’s a need for more research on newly graduated nurses and nursing students to conclude what kind of education would be needed to provide palliative care with higher quality and make nurses more comfortable with palliative care.