Thesis (MTech. degree in Architecture (Professional) / In view of the 2010 FIFA World Cup, the study examines the need of the touring national soccer teams to have access to training grounds and base camps for their duration of stay in South Africa. Host stadiums will be used exclusively for match day events and training venues will have to be found elsewhere. In this study a proposal is set forth to modernise the Caledonian football grounds into a contemporary, world-class football stadium in preparation for the World Cup. The proposal is for a development according to the 'legacy' system, whereby the facility targets the requirements of the local Arcadia Shepherds Football club, but maintains the potential to be leased as a training ground by partaking teams in the 2010 event, to recuperate the finances required for constructing such a building.

This thesis explores two distinctive ways in which sport is deployed as a development strategy in South Africa, and specifically considers how sport may play a role in the configuration of the nation’s cities. First, a case study of the sporting mega-event, the 2010 FIFA World Cup, is presented. It is posited that this tournament was a speculative world-making strategy aimed at elevating host cities and the nation to world-class status. Second, a discourse analysis of South African policy documents regarding the reintroduction of physical education is performed. It is argued that despite the fundamental neoliberal elements of physical education, there is a possibility that if the government maximizes certain opportunities, it could be a way of forging ordinary cities that are based upon equitable access to sport for South African children. These assessments suggest that sport can play a role in both the spatial and symbolic development of cities.

This thesis explores two distinctive ways in which sport is deployed as a development strategy in South Africa, and specifically considers how sport may play a role in the configuration of the nation’s cities. First, a case study of the sporting mega-event, the 2010 FIFA World Cup, is presented. It is posited that this tournament was a speculative world-making strategy aimed at elevating host cities and the nation to world-class status. Second, a discourse analysis of South African policy documents regarding the reintroduction of physical education is performed. It is argued that despite the fundamental neoliberal elements of physical education, there is a possibility that if the government maximizes certain opportunities, it could be a way of forging ordinary cities that are based upon equitable access to sport for South African children. These assessments suggest that sport can play a role in both the spatial and symbolic development of cities.

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It is argued in this thesis that the stigmatization of menstruation and the atypical product features of the menstrual cup constitute a unique marketing challenge for vendors of the menstrual cup. The purpose of this study is therefore to investigate these issues and the ways in which Scandinavian vendors approach them. Further, the possible effects of this approach on the rate of adoption of the menstrual cup are analyzed. In order to do so, interviews with four Scandinavian vendors of the menstrual cup were conducted. The main findings are that the stigmatization of menstruation is the most influential factor in the marketing of the menstrual cup as it hinders the spreading of knowledge about menstruation and the menstrual cup. It is found that the vendors take an educational approach in order to spread information, which in turn enables learning. Information is spread primarily through word-of-mouth.

This thesis analyses forms of New Zealand national identity constructed in conjunction with successive America's Cup campaigns in 1987, 1992 and 1995. It is argued that New Zealand national iconography was appropriated by government and corporate interests and utilised as a mechanism for corporate capital accumulation and legitimation.The first New Zealand challenge was set against a background of neo-liberal policy reform initiated by the fourth Labour government in 1984. The comprehensive economic and social policy implementation had multiple negative effects for New Zealand's political economy. This thesis undertakes a comprehensive analysis of these effects and argues that the commitment to neo-liberalism resulted in both the means for a New Zealand America's Cup syndicate and the necessity for an event which could obscure New Zealand's economic decline. National identity was reformulated through America's Cup nationalism to incorporate the values of neo-liberalism.As a result of the entrenchment of neo-liberal values, the needs of corporate interests and state enterprises to define citizens as consumers concluded in the commercialisation of culture. This thesis argues that the pursuit of effective corporate branding strategies led to the appropriation of symbols and images of national identity by corporate interests. The 1992 and 1995 America's Cup challenges represent the convergence of the discourses of sport, media and capitalism under the shared agenda of capital accumulation and legitimation. This convergence was structured around a commercialised conception of national identity which bore little relation to the social and economic reality experienced by many New Zealanders.

Orientador: Gustavo José de Toledo Pedroso / Resumo: A cidade moderna, tal qual conhecemos, tem seu desenvolvimento iniciado com os processos de industrialização. Ela desenha-se a partir de seus atributos culturais, comerciais, políticos e econômicos. Nesse sentido, o solo urbano torna-se local de disputa e geração de lucro o que acarreta a mercantilização dos espaços. Mediante tal fenômeno, tem-se materializada nos espaços urbanos, uma disputa que ultrapassa o campo simbólico – a luta de classes. Em questão urbana, denomina-se tal conjuntura como apontando para a segregação sócio espacial. Quando a cidade congrega regiões díspares, com atributos diferenciados relativos a condições mais dignas de vida, e em tal função seu valor cresce exponencialmente, a luta em solo urbano torna-se expressão da questão social, condicionando aqueles que vivem do trabalho, e consequentemente com rendas salariais inferiores se aglutinarem em torno ou em regiões afastadas onde a condição digna de vida permanece aquém da qualidade. Esse cenário é latente na cidade de São Paulo, que mesmo sendo a maior metrópole da América Latina apresenta índices altíssimos de insalubridade e déficit habitacionais. É por este caminho que essa pesquisa se debruça sobre uma análise que corresponda em quais sentidos a vida e a rotina dos moradores de Itaquera, Zona Leste de São Paulo foram prejudicadas em função das obras para Copa do Mundo em 2014. / Abstract: The modern city, as we know it, has its development begun with the processes of industrialization. It draws from its cultural, commercial, political and economic attributes. In this sense, the urban soil becomes a place of dispute and profit generation, which leads to the commodification of the spaces. Through such a phenomenon, it has materialized in urban spaces, a dispute that goes beyond the symbolic field - the class struggle. In urban question, it is called such conjuncture as pointing to the socio-spatial segregation. When the city congregates disparate regions, with differentiated attributes relative to more dignified conditions of life, and in that function its value grows exponentially, the struggle in urban soil becomes an expression of the social question, conditioning those who live from work, and consequently with Lower wages come together around or in remote regions where the dignified condition of life remains below quality. This scenario is latent in the city of São Paulo, which, although being the largest metropolis in Latin America, has extremely high rates of unhealthiness and housing deficits. It is on this path that this research focuses on an analysis that corresponds in what sense the life and routine of the residents of Itaquera, East Zone of São Paulo were hampered due to the works for World Cup in 2014. / Mestre

Este trabalho tem como objetivo o estudo dos coeficientes de atrito obtidos através do ensaio do anel, que é um dos métodos clássicos para verificação e a caracterização do atrito, comparado com a extrusão por duplo copo, DCE (Double Cup Extrusion). Foram feitos ensaios utilizando como material para confecção dos corpos de prova o alumínio AA6351 e variando três situações de lubrificação: teflon, grafite e ensaios sem lubrificação. Para o DCE foi desenvolvido o projeto e fabricação do ferramental, permitindo variar punções de duas dimensões diferentes. Os resultados obtidos nos experimentos com cada uma das técnicas foram comparados e apresentados, traçando-se um paralelo do atrito verificado, bem como o comportamento do material em relação às ferramentas utilizadas nos experimentos e as variações de lubrificação. / This work aims to study the friction coefficients obtained by the ring test, which is one of the classic methods for verification and characterization of friction, compared with DCE (Double Cup Extrusion). The tests were made using as material for preparation of specimens, the aluminum AA6351 and varying three situations lubrication, Teflon, graphite and tests without lubrication. For DCE was developed the design and manufacture of tooling, allowing vary punctures in two differ dimensions. The results obtained in the experiments with each of the techniques have been compared and shown by drawing a parallel scanned the friction and the material behavior in relation to the tools used in the experiments and lubrication changes.

VASCONCELOS, Leonardo Costa. A Fortaleza da copa: imagens da cidade e megaeventos esportivos. 2016. 264f. – Tese (Doutorado) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sociologia, Fortaleza (CE), 2016. / Submitted by Gustavo Daher (gdaherufc@hotmail.com) on 2017-02-15T13:50:58Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_tese_lcvasconcelos.pdf: 17683960 bytes, checksum: a6945ee3cd3b2725119b455a75c7b4d7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Márcia Araújo (marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-03-03T12:55:56Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_tese_lcvasconcelos.pdf: 17683960 bytes, checksum: a6945ee3cd3b2725119b455a75c7b4d7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-03T12:55:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_tese_lcvasconcelos.pdf: 17683960 bytes, checksum: a6945ee3cd3b2725119b455a75c7b4d7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 / Megaeventos como a Copa do Mundo FIFA Brasil 2014 são vistos pelos países que se candidatam a sediá-los como oportunidades de negócios e exposição mundial. Bilhões de dólares são investidos pelo poder público e capital privado no intuito de divulgar uma imagem positiva das cidades, incentivando o consumo do espaço urbano, seja por fluxos de capitais solventes, com o turismo de entretenimento ou de eventos, seja através do incremento do capital imobiliário, verificado através de projetos de modernização da infraestrutura urbana. Nesta perspectiva, a imagem de Fortaleza a partir de sua candidatura a cidade-sede da Copa do Mundo 2014, bem como o projeto de desenvolvimento nela contido é o alvo da análise que ora se enseja. Considera-se no presente trabalho a tese de que a atuação de Fortaleza como cidade-sede esteve ligada, sobretudo, à estratégia governamental de dinamização do turismo em nível global, assim como, de enobrecimento do espaço urbano na Cidade e não à produção de legados tangíveis relacionados à redução de problemas infraestruturais ou de mobilidade, como se previu na Matriz de Responsabilidade da Copa.

Este trabalho tem como objetivo o estudo dos coeficientes de atrito obtidos através do ensaio do anel, que é um dos métodos clássicos para verificação e a caracterização do atrito, comparado com a extrusão por duplo copo, DCE (Double Cup Extrusion). Foram feitos ensaios utilizando como material para confecção dos corpos de prova o alumínio AA6351 e variando três situações de lubrificação: teflon, grafite e ensaios sem lubrificação. Para o DCE foi desenvolvido o projeto e fabricação do ferramental, permitindo variar punções de duas dimensões diferentes. Os resultados obtidos nos experimentos com cada uma das técnicas foram comparados e apresentados, traçando-se um paralelo do atrito verificado, bem como o comportamento do material em relação às ferramentas utilizadas nos experimentos e as variações de lubrificação. / This work aims to study the friction coefficients obtained by the ring test, which is one of the classic methods for verification and characterization of friction, compared with DCE (Double Cup Extrusion). The tests were made using as material for preparation of specimens, the aluminum AA6351 and varying three situations lubrication, Teflon, graphite and tests without lubrication. For DCE was developed the design and manufacture of tooling, allowing vary punctures in two differ dimensions. The results obtained in the experiments with each of the techniques have been compared and shown by drawing a parallel scanned the friction and the material behavior in relation to the tools used in the experiments and lubrication changes.