O presente trabalho é um estudo dos efeitos da Copa do Mundo FIFA 2014, a partir das relações de poder e resistência que se estabeleceram ao seu redor. Ao investigar a produção normativa leis, decretos, portarias e demais normas que se produziram sob a justificativa do megaevento, esse estudo busca descrever de que maneira foi possível introduzir no ordenamento jurídico uma legislação de exceção, entendida aqui como dispositivo de governo. Também, ao descrever a delimitação de zonas de exclusividade comercial no espaço público, busca-se enxergar a maneira como essas normas puderam se territorializar, de modo a garantir a criação de mercado para um grupo de empresas ligadas à FIFA. Por fim, descrevemos as resistências que se articularam em torno da Copa 2014, entendida como campo de gravitação que permitiu colocar o futebol no centro do conflito pelo direito à cidade. / This dissertation consists of a study about the FIFA World Cup 2014 effects, from the power and resistance relations that were established around it. By examining the normative production laws, decrees, edicts and other rules produced under the justification of the megaevent -, this study describes by what means was possible to introduce in the law system a group of excepcion laws, meaning here as a government dispositif. Also, by describing the demarcation of exclusive comercial zones in the public space, the study pursues to look the manner how that rules could be territorialized, aiming to garantee the creation of market for a group of companies linked to FIFA. Finally, we describe the resistance that articulated around the 2014 World Cup, meaning the gravitation field that permitted to put the soccer in the centre of the right to the city\'s conflict.

Electrospray ionization is a technique widely used in mass spectrometry. Almost every material, specifically large molecules like proteins or polymers can be ionized directly out of solution. During the ionization process molecules are not fragmented. In this work a prototype apparatus for creating three-dimensional patterns in a ultra high vacuum environment using an electrospray ion source was optimized for higher ion currents hence deposition rate by improving the core component of the apparatus, an electrodynamic ion funnel. The major improvements are a redesigned heated vacuum inlet, modified gas flow inside the ion funnel because of sealing the ion funnel against perpendicular gas flow and a better measurement setup for the transmitted current. The transmission of the ion funnel was improved from 25% to 82% resulting in ion currents of up to 7nA (500pA before advancements) focused through the ion funnel. At this rate an area of 1 cm² can be coated with a molecular monolayer of Cytochrome C in 64 minutes.

Os megaeventos, que são, e foram no Brasil, a bola da vez, não são fatos novos e carregam especificidades em função do momento de sua realização, que envolvem contextos sociais diferentes a cada época e em cada lugar. Esta tese analisa a Copa do Mundo FIFA 2014, tomando-a como objeto de pesquisa e considerando sua relação com o turismo a partir de uma perspectiva espacial. Dadas as características dos espaços globais que se realizam no plano local (SANTOS,1994), procuramos analisar a forma como regulações específicas foram propostas pelo Estado para a realização desse megaevento, em consonância com interesses privados; além disso, consideramos o estabelecimento de um estado de emergência onde uma legislação de exceção foi criada a fim de comportar demandas da entidade FIFA e do próprio Estado. Ao definirmos os principais sujeitos, o Estado Brasileiro, a FIFA e as entidades privadas, especificamente, no setor de meios de hospedagem, questionamos como esse megaevento impactou o setor de turismo no Brasil, considerando as cidades-sede contempladas pelo ProCopa Turismo, a saber: Porto Alegre, Rio de Janeiro, Salvador, Recife, Natal e Fortaleza. Logo, o objetivo principal desta tese consistiu na análise da relação entre o megaevento Copa do Mundo, a regulação do território atrelada ao mesmo e a promoção do turismo no Brasil, em especial o segmento da hotelaria nas cidades-sede que tiveram acesso ao programa de governo ProCopa Turismo. Como caminho analítico, procuramos identificar e analisar o conjunto de normas voltadas à realização da Copa no Brasil, analisar o desenvolvimento do turismo considerando o dimensionamento de fluxos e a expansão do setor hoteleiro; apreender o contexto politico das ações que orientaram a realização do megaevento no Brasil. Fundamentando-nos por investigações documentais e bibliográficas fez-se necessário o levantamento de documentos de ordem jurídica, relacionados com a normatização do megaevento e do turismo. Operacionalmente, utilizamos o mapeamento temático cartográfico como recurso analítico. Com isso, chegamos a resultados que permitiram apreender relações contraditórias que se expressaram no objeto de análise. Destacamos o fato de as cidades localizadas na região litorânea terem sido beneficiadas em relação ao recebimento de infraestruturas para o turismo, confirmando nossa hipótese de que o fomento ao turismo viabilizado pela Copa contribuiu para reforçar a concentração espacial de infraestruturas turísticas já muito evidente no território brasileiro. Este megaevento foi estratégico para viabilizar planos bem mais ousados e socialmente pouco eficientes do governo federal, servindo de instrumento para efetivar projetos urbanos que incluíssem mudanças em infraestrutura, econômicas e jurídicolegislativas nos países que os sediam, conforme afirmado por Vainer (2000), Oliveira (2015) e Cruz (2018). / Mega-events, which are, and were in Brazil, \"under the spotlight\", are not new facts and have specific characteristics depending on the moment they are held, which involve different social contexts at each time and place. This dissertation analyzes the 2014 FIFA World Cup, taking it as an object of research and considering its relationship with tourism from a spatial perspective. Given the characteristics of the global spaces that are held locally (SANTOS, 1994), we try to analyze how specific regulations were proposed by the State for holding this mega-event, in consonance with private interests. In addition, we consider the establishment of a state of emergency where exception legislation was created in order to comply with the demands of FIFA and the State itself. When defining the main subjects, the Brazilian State, FIFA and private entities, specifically in the hospitality sector, we question how this mega-event impacted the tourism industry in Brazil, considering the host cities included in the program ProCopa Turismo, namely: Porto Alegre, Rio de Janeiro, Salvador, Recife, Natal and Fortaleza. Therefore, the main objective of this dissertation was to analyze the relation between the mega-event World Cup, the regulation of the territory linked to it and the promotion of tourism in Brazil, especially the hositality sector in the host cities included in the government program ProCopa Tourism. As an analytical path, we seek to identify and analyze the set of rules aimed at the World Cup in Brazil, analyze the development of tourism considering the dimensioning of flows and the expansion of the hospitality sector; to understand the political context of the actions that guided this mega-event in Brazil. Based on documentary and bibliographic researches, it was necessary to collect legal documents related to the regulation of this mega-event and tourism. Operationally, cartographic thematic mapping was used as an analytical resource. Results obtained allowed to understand contradictory relations that were expressed in the object of analysis. We highlight the fact that cities located in the coastal region have benefited from the receipt of tourist infrastructure, confirming our hypothesis that the promotion of tourism made feasible by the World Cup helped to increase the spatial concentration of tourist infrastructure already very evident in the Brazilian territory. This mega-event was strategic to make feasible the much more daring and socially inefficient plans of the federal government, serving as an instrument to implement urban projects that included infrastructure, economic and legal-legislative changes in the host countries, as stated by Vainer (2000), Oliveira (2015) and Cruz (2018).

This thesis analyses forms of New Zealand national identity constructed in conjunction with successive America's Cup campaigns in 1987, 1992 and 1995. It is argued that New Zealand national iconography was appropriated by government and corporate interests and utilised as a mechanism for corporate capital accumulation and legitimation.The first New Zealand challenge was set against a background of neo-liberal policy reform initiated by the fourth Labour government in 1984. The comprehensive economic and social policy implementation had multiple negative effects for New Zealand's political economy. This thesis undertakes a comprehensive analysis of these effects and argues that the commitment to neo-liberalism resulted in both the means for a New Zealand America's Cup syndicate and the necessity for an event which could obscure New Zealand's economic decline. National identity was reformulated through America's Cup nationalism to incorporate the values of neo-liberalism.As a result of the entrenchment of neo-liberal values, the needs of corporate interests and state enterprises to define citizens as consumers concluded in the commercialisation of culture. This thesis argues that the pursuit of effective corporate branding strategies led to the appropriation of symbols and images of national identity by corporate interests. The 1992 and 1995 America's Cup challenges represent the convergence of the discourses of sport, media and capitalism under the shared agenda of capital accumulation and legitimation. This convergence was structured around a commercialised conception of national identity which bore little relation to the social and economic reality experienced by many New Zealanders.

This study explores the relationship between two theoretical constructs: brand image and brand equity in the context sports sponsorship. The sporting context for the study was the 2003 Rugby World Cup held in Australia. The research focused on the sponsorship relationship between the New Zealand All Blacks and their major sponsor and co-branding partner, adidas. Keller's (1993, 2003) customer-based brand equity models were the conceptual inspiration for the research, with Faircloth, Capella and Alford's (2001) conceptual model - adapted from the work of Aaker (1991) and Keller (1993) - the primary conceptual model. Data was collected from two independent samples of 200 respondents, utilizing simple random sampling procedures. A bivariate correlation analysis was undertaken to test whether there was any correlation between changes in adidas's brand image and adidas's brand equity as a result of the All Blacks' performance in the 2003 Rugby World Cup. Results support the view postulated by Keller (1993, 2003) that brand image is antecedent to the brand equity construct. Results are also consistent with the findings of Faircloth et al (2001) who found that brand image directly impacted brand equity.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa est une bactérie pathogène opportuniste responsable de nombreuses maladies nosocomiales ainsi que d'infections graves chez les patients atteints de mucoviscidose ou chez immunodéprimés. La résistance aux antibiotiques observée chez de nombreuses souches fait de cette bactérie un pathogène difficile à éradiquer. Sa capacité à former un biofilm renforce en particulier cette résistance. Au cours de son processus infectieux, la bactérie utilise des lectines qui lui permettent de reconnaitre et de fixer spécifiquement les oligosaccharides présents en particulier sur les cellules hôte. Parmi elles, sont retrouvées la lectine soluble PA-IL (lectine à galactose) ainsi qu'une lectine fimbriale nouvellement identifiée, CupB6. Ces protéines seraient impliquées dans l'adhésion aux tissus de l'hôte et dans l'élaboration du biofilm. Nos travaux portent sur l'étude biochimique et structurale de ces deux lectines. Par des techniques de microcalorimétrie, de résonance plasmonique de surface et de cristallographie aux rayons X, le site de liaison du sucre de PA-IL a été parfaitement caractérisé, et de nombreux inhibiteurs dérivés du galactose ont pu être testés. D'autre part, nous avons exprimé Cup6 sous forme recombinante et nous avons étudié sa spécificité. Nos études ont montré que le sucre reconnu pourrait être le Lewis b et des études structurales sont en cours. Ces travaux s'inscrivent dans l'optique d'élaborer des glycomimétiques qui pourraient apporter une alternative aux antibiotiques.

Les Saramaka du Suriname, descendants d'esclaves échappés des plantations au XVIIème siècle, ont une pharmacopée traditionnelle encore vive. Le Bitter-cup, ou " gobelet amer ", en est un exemple puisqu'il garde encore sa place sur les étals des marchés de Paramaribo. Nous avons mené une enquête ethnopharmacologique afin de détailler ses usages : mis à macérer pendant une nuit avec du rhum ou de l'eau, le contenu est bu d'un trait au matin comme tonique amer, stomachique, fébrifuge ou encore antimalarique. Pour mettre fin aux controverses que suscite sa provenance botanique, nous avons procédé à une étude anatomique du bois et des gobelets provenant du marché, ainsi qu'à l'établissement de signatures chimiques par Chromatographie Liquide Haute Performance (CLHP). Ces deux méthodes complémentaires nous ont permis d'identifier Quassia amara L. comme source des gobelets. Des tests in vitro sur Plasmodium falciparum n'ont pas confirmé l'activité antipaludique, mais après un fractionnement bioguidé par CLHP semi-préparative, certaines fractions se montrent très performantes contre les parasites.

<p>The work describes the development of a reliable device for profiling anion beam in the intensity cross section. A sensor head consisting of a Faradaycup in combination with a Channel Electron Multiplier was designedand built together with electronics including power supply and front endelectronics. The design was chosen considering financial and long term lifeaspects. Testing, first calibration and error analysis were done using the ionbeam facilities where the unit is supposed to be installed permanently. Theprofiling system performed as designed and the profile of the ion beam couldbe measured reliably with an accuracy down to the femto ampere range.</p>

<p>This thesis discusses South Scandinavian cup marks in general, and cup marks in Kronobergs County in particular. The question is whether the cup mark phenomena can be viewed as an ordinary family-based cult for a kind of everyday use, or more likely as a community passage ritual. The thesis also suggests that cup marks were made by ritual participants in, or in the process of trying to reach, an altered state of consciousness.</p>

No description available.