Thesis (M. Phil.)--University of Hong Kong, 2010. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 121-126). Also available in print.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Oregon State University, 2010. / Printout. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 134-142). Also available on the World Wide Web.

CAPES / Este trabalho apresenta um estudo comparativo entre técnicas de controle PID (proporcional integral e derivativo) lineares e não-lineares, aplicada a um conversor abaixador de tensão de topologia Buck. O principal objetivo desse trabalho é a comparação do desempenho das técnicas de controle PID clássico e o controle PID não linear com ganhos baseados em perfil gaussiano. Trata-se de uma técnica de controle adaptativo baseada no controle PID clássico, através de uma metodologia na qual os ganhos são obtidos a partir de uma função gaussiana, buscando obter um aumento do desempenho desse sistema. Foram realizadas simulações computacionais, onde foi feita a varredura paramétrica de cada ganho (proporcional, integral e derivativo). Os resultados alcançados comprovam a eficiência da técnica proposta. / This work presents a comparative study of linear and non-linear PID control techniques (proportional, integral and derivative) applied to a step-down voltage converter in the Buck topology. The main objective of this work is to compare the performance of classical PID control and nonlinear PID control with gains based on Gaussian-shaped functions. It is an adaptive control technique based on the classical PID control, by means of a methodology in which the gains are obtained fro a Gaussian function, aiming to obtain a performance enhancement for this system. Computer simulations were performed, where a parametric sweep on the parameters for each gain (proportional , integral and derivative) were done. The achieved results verify the efficiency of the proposed tecnique.

Thesis (MTech (Electrical Engineering))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2009 / More than 70% of the earth's surface is covered by water, only a small part of which is suitable for either human consumption or agricultural use. Due to pollution from agriculture, households and industry reaching rivers, lakes and seas it is Important for wastewater to be properly treated in order to remove harmful substances before it reaches the environment. Strict environmental and health regulations together with a demand for cost effective ways of wastewater treatment have made control technology in wastewater Treatment Plants an important priority. Dissolved oxygen (DO) is the amount of oxygen in the effluent and it plays a vital role of controlling VV\YTP. Oxygen dissolves in water through mixing water surface with the atmosphere, The dissolved oxygen concentration in the aerobic part of an activated sludge process should be sufficiently high to supply enough oxygen to the microorganisms in the sludge. an excessive high DO leads to high energy consumption and may also deteriorate the sludge quality, A high DO concentration in the internally recirculated water also makes the denitrification less efficient Hence, both for economical and process reasons, it is of interest to control the DO. The used controllers are normally linear controllers, proportional integral (PI) or proportional integral derivative (PID) ones. The work of these controllers leads to bad system performance, because, the process of dissolving oxygen into the wastewater is a nonlinear process and requires nonlinear control. The aim of the research project is to develop methods for design of linear and nonlinear controllers of the concentration of the DO in the aeration tank of the WWTP and to implement the designed controllers in the frameworks of PLC. The nonlinear linearizing controller based on a reference model and Lyapunov second method is designed. Additionally a linear controller is developed in a form of PI controller based on pole placement method to improve, the performance of the closed loop system. The resultant controller is to be on a PLC as a part of Adroit SCADA system. The developed programmes are used to control the wastewater treatment process in laboratory scale plant and can be applied as a part of SCADA software for control of the wastewater treatment plants.

Thesis (MTech (Electrical Engineering))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2009. / This project was started as a result of strict environmental and health regulations together with a demand for cost effective operation of wastewater treatment plants (WNTPs). The main aim of this project is how to keep effluent concentration below a prescribed limit at the lowest possible cost Due to large fluctuations in the quality and quantity of the influent concentrations, traditional control methods are not adequate to achieve this aim The major drawback with these methods is that the disturbances affect the process before the controller has time to correct the error (Olsson and Newell, 1999: 454). This problem IS addressed through the use of modern control systems Modern control systems are model based predictive algorithms arranged as feed-forward controllers (Olsson and Newell, 1999: 454) Normally a controller is equipped with a constant set point; the goal In this project IS to calculate an optimal DO trajectory that may be sampled to provide a varying optimal set-point for the Activated Sludge Process. In this project an optimal control problem is formulated usmq 00 concentration as a control variable This requires a model of the process to be controlled, a mathematical expressions of the limitations on the process input and output variables and finally the objective functional which consists of the objectives of the control. The structures of the Benchmark plant (developed within the COST 682 working group) and the Athlone WWTPs are used to implement this optimal control strategy in MATLAB, The plant's full models are developed based on the mass balance principle incorporating the activated sludge biological models. ASM1, ASM2 ASM2d and ASM3 (developed by the IWA. working groups) To be able to develop a method that may later on be used ~or online control. the full models are reduced based on the technique in Lukasse (1996) To ensure that the reduced models keep the same prediction capabilities as the full models paran-eters of the reduced models are calculated based on the Least Squares principle. The formulated optimal control problem IS solved based on the decomposition-coordination method that involves time decomposition 111 a two layer structure, MATLAB software is developed to solve the problems for parameter estimation full and reduced model simulation and optimal control calculation for the considered different cases of plant structures and biological models, The obtained optimal DO trajectories produced the effluent state trajectories within prescribed requirements. These DO trajectories may be implemented in different SCADA systems to be tracked as set points or desired trajectories by different types of controllers.

Orientador: Jose Maria Campos dos Santos / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecanica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-25T19:56:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Nunes_RonaldoFernandes_M.pdf: 5604429 bytes, checksum: 3e2d42b8a7421a42a727f76195057b6e (MD5) Previous issue date: 1999 / Resumo: Neste trabalho foi estudado o controle ativo de ruído em dutos usando técnicas de filtragem adaptativa. Foi utilizado o método de controle adaptativo do Mínimo Erro Médio Quadrático (Least Mean Square - LMS) normalizado com sinal de referência filtrado, NFXLMS. Três geometrias de dutos montados em uma bancada experimental para os casos de controle monocanal, multierro e multiexcitação foram verificados. Os sinais de perturbação investigados foram: tonal (seno), aleatório e uma com composição de duas senoidais no caso multiexcitação. Avaliações das impedâncias analíticas e experimentais foram verificadas no estudo de uma configuração do duto para o caso de controle monocanal. Simulações e experimentos foram realizados para diversas geometrias de dutos e diferentes tipos de excitação. Parâmetros do algoritmo, como o número de pesos do filtro adaptativo, faixa de frequência de perturbação, fator de convergência do algoritmo e freqüência de amostragem foram investigados nos casos tratados. Os resultados encontrados nos experimentos realizados para o controlador monocanal e multierro confirmaram as avaliações efetuadas nas simulações. Para o caso multiexcitação, limitações da placa de processamento de sinal não permitiram a obtenção de resultados conclusivos / Abstract: In this work was investigated the active control of noise in ducts using the techniques of adaptive filtering. The normalized, filtered reference Least Mean Square algorithm control method - NXLMS was used. Three shapes of duct system in a supported experimental test rig for the cases of control mono-channel, multi-error, and multi-input were verified. The investigated disturbance signals were: tonal (sine), random, and a composition of two sinusoids for the case of multi-input. Evaluations of analytical and experimental impedances were verified in a configuration study of mono-channel duct contraI case. Simulations and experiments were accomplished for several duct shapes and different types of excitations. AIgorithm parameters, such as the weight number of adaptive filter, the disturbance frequency range, the convergence factor of the algorithm, and the sampling frequency were investigated in the treated cases. The experimental results obtained for the mono-channel and multi-error controller confirm the evaluations obtained in the simulations. For the multi-input case, limitations of the DSP board didn't allow to obtain conclusive results / Mestrado / Mecanica dos Sólidos e Projeto Mecanico / Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica

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A study was designed in order to assess the effectiveness of a positive self-modeling strategy in increasing the performance of four University of the Pacific baseball players. A multiple baseline design across participants was used as a means of assessing the effectiveness of the self-modeling technique. Participants viewed edited positive self-modeling videotapes of their own batting performance. Measures were taken on: (a) the number of line drive hits; (b) ground ball hits; (c) the number of times the participant hit a ground ball, but was thrown out; (d) the number of times the participant hit a line drive, but it was caught; (e) swings and misses; (f) not swinging at a strike (called strikes); (g) not swinging at a ball (called balls); (h) the number of foul balls; and (i) the number of pop ups. In addition, batting averages were kept for game performance. It was expected that participants would show an increase in hits, a decrease in hit outs, a decrease in called strikes, an increase in called balls, a decrease in foul balls, and an increase in batting average when each participant began the positive self-modeling. The performance of those participants not yet viewing their positive self-modeling tape was not expected to show such improvement. Improvement was observed in three out of the four participants.

A project report submitted to the Faculty of Engineering, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for 'the degree of Master of Science in Engineering. Johannesburg 1991. / The report describes the design of an algorithm which can be used for automatic controller tuning purposes. It uses an on-line parameter estimator and a pole assignrnent design method. The resulting control law is formulated to approximate a proportional-integral (PI) industrial controller. The development ofthe algorithm is based on the delta-operator, Some implementation aspects such as covariance resetting, dead zone, and signal conditioning are also discussed. Robust stability and performance are two issues that govern the design approach. Additionally transient and steady state system response criteria are utilized from the time and frequency domains. The design work is substantiated with the use of simulation and real plant tests. / AC2017

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