The diploma thesis is focused on the issue of surface water pollution, which is one of the biggest problems of the contemporary world. The pollution of watercourses and reservoirs worsens the quality of aquatic ecosystems as well as ecosystems in their surroundings. The typical sources of surface water pollution include especially point sources (human settlements, industrial sites) and land resources (agriculture). While the point sources of pollution can be monitored, the situation is far more complicated for the field sources. In agricultural farming, the fertilizer residues, pesticides and other substances come into the groundwater and the surface water. The aim of this work is to find out the quality of surface water in the measuring profiles (river Malše), to find out the hydrological situation during the year and to evaluate the impact of chemical pollution sources influencing the quality of the surface water in the river basin.

Electrical energy plays an indispensable role in our contemporary society. However, we mostly realize its position in agriculture in a situation which often already entails irreversible consequences. Therefore, the thesis aims to assess the consequences of power blackout on agricultural farming. In connection with the selected objective, a question arises whether long-term power blackouts also constitute a serious threat to agricultural farms of South Bohemia? The theoretical part briefly describes electrical energy, its production and method of transmission. It also includes basic elements of the power system including its stability and safety. The chapter also acquaints the reader with the critical infrastructure of the Czech Republic and its legislative base. Then, it globally analyzes the term blackout.Given the topic of the thesis, it is necessary to mention the valuable work of the integrated rescue system which in addition to the basic obligations to ensure the protection of human life and property is required to provide missions to rescue animals in emergency situations. Finally, this chapter deals with the application of electrical energy in agriculture, including the characteristics of surveyed farms and a high degree of automation used in farming.The research part is based on the search of the current state of selected agricultural farms. The research was focused on the South Bohemian Region which makes no exception in relation to this issue. Used for the research was a qualitative method of data collection with the information obtained through the techniques of controlled interviews and the secondary analysis of data provided by competent employees of farms in South Bohemia. The results are then outlined in two planes. During recent years, breeding stations have been completely renovated, especially in the section of technological processes. Modern electronic devices which include e.g. automated milking, feeding, suction and washing equipment, heating of service water and heating, should ensure trouble-free operation in such farms. However, what the vast majority of farms is not adequately prepared for is to ensure their smooth operation even during a failure of the electrical system. A number of farms do not have an alternate source of electrical energy. The percentage of self-sufficient farms having on its premises a pumping station that can supply the local diesel-aggregate, is also negligible. Moreover, in case of a diesel-aggregate failure, no alternative source is available. A crucial problem arises in the category of poultry. The animals are situated in large-volume halls where all processes are controlled by fully automated control systems. An alternative source of electrical energy is a crucial element needed to ensure normal operation of the farms. Unless the established criteria are in compliance (ventilation, lighting, etc.), reaction of the animals becomes evident within tens of minutes. Any deviation results in rapid loss of animals. It is assumed that the resulting data will be used both for research purposes in the area of secondary impacts in case of electrical system failures and for objective assessment of the effectiveness in farming security within the current methods. The purpose is to educate the above entities.