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Atmospheric pollution in some degree has been around since time began. In recent times it has reached levels in some areas which proved to be harmful to man's health. A brief history review of these occurrences is presented. Laws have been enacted to combat this threat. A brief review of these laws is presented. Instruments for remote sensing of polluting sources are being developed to monitor ambient air quality and aid in enforcing these laws. A review of the techniques employed and the present state of the art is explored. Available instruments are presented in section III-5.

In urban environments, ozone air pollution, poses significant risks to respiratory health. Fixed site monitoring is the primary method of measuring ozone concentrations for health advisories and pollutant reduction, but the spatial scale may not reflect the current population distribution or its future growth. Moreover, formal methods for the placement of ozone monitoring sites within populations potentially omit important spatial criteria, producing monitoring locations that could unintentionally underestimate the exposure burden. Although air pollution affects all people, the combination of underlying health, socioeconomic and demographic factors exacerbate the impact for socially vulnerable population groups. A need exists for assessing the spatial representativeness and data gaps of existing pollution sensor networks and to evaluate future placement strategies of additional sensors. This research also seeks to understand how air pollution monitor placement strategies may neglect social vulnerabilities and therefore, potentially underestimate exposure burdens in vulnerable populations.