Thesis (M. Phil.)--University of Hong Kong, 1981.

This dissertation is divided into six sections. The first section, the introduction and literature review, also covers the aim and objectives of the thesis. The second section discusses the labour migration from the Philippines to the outside world. It then explores the push forces and pull factors for Filipino migration in terms of: (i) economic issues, including unemployment and unchecked population growth, fiscal deficit and public-sector debt, natural disaster and globalisation; (ii) political factors, including a weak and inefficient state, security problems, and laws and policies; and (iii) dynamics of marriage and family migration, personal choice, wage difference and level of skills. The third section discusses the Philippines Government's roles in promoting migration, in implementing policies to protect its Filipino migrants and in providing supports for 'overseas contract workers' (OCWs). The fourth part of the thesis explains the importance of the remittances that overseas Filipinos send back to their home country. A series of case studies is presented on the fifth chapter; these focus on Filipino professional migration to Australia and particularly the state of South Australia. The case studies provide a more in-depth understanding of the Filipino migrants' role and position in a foreign country. The findings and observations made in the study are synthesised in the concluding sixth section.

Thesis (M.Phil.)--University of Hong Kong, 1981. / Also available in print.

Thesis (M.P.A.)--University of Hong Kong, 1994. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 125-127).

Thesis (M.P.A.)--University of Hong Kong, 1994. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 125-127). Also available in print.

Expatriate social interactions and psychological well-being are two underemphasized areas in expatriate literature. This paper revisits the expatriate adjustment construct and proposes a definition from interactive perspective for expatriate adjustment. Expatriate adjustment is defined, in this study, as a process in which the expatriate interacts with the social aspects of the local environment to obtain psychological well-being. In turn, an expatriate's psychological well-being at one point in time will influence his/her next interactions in the local environment. Based on the proposed definition of expatriate adjustment and supported by literatures of sociology and psychology, a research model and hypotheses are developed. The research model predicts that expatriate network structural characteristics will influence expatriate perceived social support and further influence expatriate psychological well-being and performance. The influence of social support on expatriate psychological well-being and performance is predicted to be moderated by cultural distance, role characteristics and locus of control of expatriates. Spousal support is another immediate factor that will influence expatriate psychological well-being. In order to empirically test this research model, two pilot studies and one main study were conducted. The purpose of Pilot Study 1 was to develop network structural characteristic measurement and social support measurement. Pilot Study 2 was conducted to test the measurement developed in Pilot Study 1 and check the workability of the whole questionnaire. The main survey was conducted in China. Expatriates from North America, Europe, and other countries and regions in Asia were sampled to complete the questionnaire. The data collected were analyzed to test the hypotheses. The results show significant support for the proposed model. Expatriate network structural characteristics have both direct and indirect influence on expatriate psychological well-

Bibliography: leaves 355-378. / xviii, 378, [89] leaves : ill., maps ; 39 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / This thesis is concerned with the understanding and clarification of the impact of international labour migration in Indonesia. The overall aim of this study is to investigate the economic, social and demographic consequences of international labour migration on the migrants, their families, their communities of origin and their nation of origin. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Geography, 1997

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published_or_final_version / Social Work / Master / Master of Philosophy

Asian women make up the fastest growing category of the world's population of migrant workers. The thesis examines labor and immigration policies of Canada as a host country for Filipino women migrant workers. It also determines how Canada's working environment for Filipino women migrant workers is mapped out. The thesis is anchored on three major concerns. The first is an analysis of the Philippines as a leading labor exporting country. The thesis expounds on the state mechanisms promoting labor exportation and the corresponding problems that ensue. It is argued that a majority of the problems of labor migration from the Philippines can be attributed to the inadequate policies and laws of the government in the 1970s when labor export first flourished. The second area of concern is a situation analysis of the Filipina migrant workers who come to Canada to work as live-in caregivers. This discussion is focused on Canada's general framework of immigration laws, foreign worker policies and the pertinent provincial labor laws of British Columbia. It analyzes how these pieces of legislation have been shaped by Canada's national policies. The thesis argues that Canada's regulations restricting the rights of foreign domestic workers and the marginalization of their social mobility and status reflect the unequal relationship between the host and the sending countries. The third and most important concern is a policy analysis of the Live-In Caregiver Program vis-a-vis migrants' rights and labor issues. The thesis argues that Canada, through the continuation of the Live-In Caregiver Program, provides Filipino domestic workers inequitable working conditions. It is argued that since Canada is an international forerunner in championing human rights, it becomes anachronistic that a cluster of the country's immigration policies continue to advocate indentured form of labor. Canada is in a unique position, both as a traditional immigrants' country and as an international player, to blaze the trail for international recognition of migrant workers' rights. Canada must eliminate the double standards in the Live-In Caregiver Program vis-a-vis the general immigration policies. Therefore, it is argued that in order to maintain the high marks it has been receiving at the international level, Canada must eliminate two requirements of the Live-In Caregiver Program: First, the two-year live-in requirement and second, the temporary migrant status of live-in caregivers upon initial entry to Canada. Live-in work must be optional and not subject to the granting of permanent residence status. To preserve it international reputation, Canada must also make reforms on the international level by ratifying and implementing international conventions.