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Alkane-rich fractions including n-paraffins are the most important chemical feedstock used in the / Thesis (Ph.D.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, 2008.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1967. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

The synthesis of pure tris(6-hydroxymethyl-2-pyridylmethyl)amine (H₃L₁₁) is reported for the first time. New complexes of H₃L₁₁ with copper(II), manganese(II) and iron(III) have been characterised by X-ray crystallography. Linear [Fe₃(L₁₁)₂](ClO₄)₃ reveals the tightest Fe-O-Fe angle (87.6°) and shortest Fe...Fe distance (2.834 Å) presently found for a weakly antiferromagnetically-coupled high spin alkoxide-bridged polyiron(III) system. H₃L₁₁ provides a route to various hydrophobic peralkylated TPA ligand derivatives for creating a hydrophobic pocket for the assembly of iron catalysts for the novel 1-hydroxylation of n-alkanes. New 6-py substituted TPA ligands containing methyl (L₁₅) and n-octyl (L₁₆) ether linkages were synthesised via alkylation. Two further novel 6-py substituted ligands were synthesized incorporating n-hexyl substituents on one (L₂₁) and two (L₂₂) of the py moieties. Here a urea spacer group was used to promote hydrogen–bond assisted heterolytic O-O cleavage (generation of the potent FeV=O oxidant) within the hydroxoperoxoiron(III) precursor. High spin [FeII(L)(CH₃CN)[subscript(x)]](CF₃SO₃)₂ complexes (x = 0–2, L = L₁₅,₁₆,₂₁,₂₂) were characterised in solution by ¹H NMR. The structure of [Fe(L₂₂)](CF₃SO₃)₂ reveals a distorted iron(II) centre bound to four N atoms and two urea carbonyls. Iron(II) complexes of H₃L₁₁, L₁₅,₁₆,₂₁,₂₂ and tris(6-Br)-TPA (L₂₄), were investigated for catalysis of the oxygenation of cyclohexane by H₂O₂. Reaction of the iron(II) complexes with H₂O₂ and [superscript(t)]BuOOH was followed by time-resolved EPR and UV-VIS spectrophotometry. A correlation between the observed catalytic activity and the nature of the FeIII(L)-OOR intermediates generated is apparent. A convenient ‘one-pot’ synthesis of benzene-1,3,5-triamido-tris(l-histidine methyl ester) is reported along with attempts at preparing N,N’-bis(pyridylmethyl)-1,3- diaminopropane-2-carboxylic acid (L₂₅), a new water soluble pyridine-amine ligand. The final demetallation step resulted in ligand hydrolysis to the novel amino acid; 1,3-diaminopropane- 2-carboxylic acid which was characterised as its HCl salt by X-ray crystallography.

La synthèse de molécules possédant une cavité présente un grand intérêt car ces dernières peuvent agir comme récepteurs moléculaires ou comme catalyseurs supramoléculaires et ainsi mimer l'activité des enzymes. Les hémicryptophanes possèdent ainsi des cavités dissymétriques complexes formées à partir d'une unité cyclotrivératrylène et d'une seconde unité de symétrie C3 et présentent des propriétés catalytiques et de reconnaissance particulièrement intéressantes.Les travaux effectués au cours de cette thèse reposent donc sur la synthèse de nouveaux hémicryptophanes et sur leur utilisation pour la reconnaissance moléculaire de composés biologiquement actifs et pour la catalyse supramoléculaire. A ce titre, différentes voies de synthèse ont été abordées et ont permis d'obtenir un panel de nouveaux récepteurs. Ces composés ont alors été appliqués dans un premier temps à la reconnaissance sélective de paires d'ions et de neurotransmetteurs zwitterioniques puis à la reconnaissance stéréosélective de sucres. Les propriétés complexantes de ces composés ont principalement été étudiées par spectroscopie RMN et à l'aide de calculs quantiques. Enfin, la synthèse de complexes supramoléculaires cuivre-hémicryptophane nous a permis de développer l'utilisation de ces composés pour la catalyse biomimétique d'oxydation des alcanes. / Molecular containers are very attractive as they can act as molecular receptors or supramolecular catalysts and so mimic biological entities such as enzymes. Hemicryptophanes are heteroditopic host molecules created from the association of a cyclotriveratrylene unit with another C3-symmetric moiety and which present interesting catalytic and recognition properties. During this thesis, we based our work on the synthesis of new hemicryptophanes and their application, first in molecular recognition of bioactive molecules and then in supramolecular catalysis. Different synthetic paths have been developed to obtain several new receptors. Their binding abilities have then been studied in selective recognition of ion pairs and neurotransmitters and in stereoselective recognition of carbohydrates. These works have been performed mainly thanks to NMR spectroscopy and quantum calculations. Finally, copper-hemicryptophane complexes have been synthesized and used as supramolecular catalysts in C-H oxidation of alkanes.