Thesis (M.Sc. (Physiology)) -- Mahidol University, 1971.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1970. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Bibliography: leaves 79-86.

Thesis (MHSc--Health Science)--AUT University, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references. Also held in print (x, 125 leaves : ill. ; 30 cm.) in the Archive at the City Campus (T 613.711 DOB)

Thesis (M. Sc.)--University of Canterbury, 2006. / Typescript (photocopy). Includes bibliographical references (leaves 101-116). Also avaialble via the World Wide Web.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T15:07:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo3013_1.pdf: 1219172 bytes, checksum: ae6c2e373f35392b79a2f980e36c3c9b (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Mabuya arajara (Scincidae) é um lagarto encontrado em alguns Brejos-de-altitude do estado do Ceará, escassamente estudado quanto a aspectos de sua biologia e ecologia. Nesse estudo avaliamos o período de atividade, o uso do hábitat, a ecologia térmica, a dieta, a reprodução e os parasitas pulmonares associados ao lagarto em um ambiente de Mata-úmida da Chapada do Araripe, Ceará, Brasil, entre os meses de Setembro de 2009 e Julho de 2010. Foram capturados 131 lagartos para análise dos dados. Os lagartos se encontraram ativo durante todo período diurno, principalmente, nas horas mais quentes do dia (11:00-12:00hs), apresentando um padrão unimodal de atividade. M. arajara utilizou primariamente a faixa de transição entre floresta densa e áreas abertas (73,8%), podendo ser classificada como uma espécie que habita tipicamente a borda ou clareiras da floresta densa, utilizando sítios que podem receber iluminação solar. Os animais apresentaram temperatura corpórea média de 32,06 ± 2,72°C, significativamente superior às temperaturas do ar e do substrato, indicando uma termoregulação ativa. O principal microhábitat utilizado foi palhas de palmeiras caídas (Arecaceae) (47,7%), que quando amontoadas se apresentaram como sítios estruturalmente complexos, ideais para realização das atividades diária dos lagartos, inclusive como abrigo. A dieta foi composta principalmente por artrópodes, predominantemente cupins, tanto em número (93,5%) como volume (58,55%), para ambos os sexos. M arajara apresentou ninhadas com dois a nove indivíduos (4,87 ± 1,70; N=49), as fêmeas maiores tenderam a apresentar ninhadas maiores. O período de recrutamento foi entre os meses de Outubro e Dezembro. Os pulmões de M. arajara estavam infectados apenas pelo Pentastomida Raillietiella mottae (prevalência 1,6%), representando um novo hospedeiro para este parasita

Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-01T22:57:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 tese_10054_Dissertação Final Cecília Silva Valente.pdf: 3011831 bytes, checksum: bb3dcf21adba363e09150b495ebd888b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-04 / O dimorfismo sexual em características secundárias, evidenciado em algumas espécies dioicas, permite que os indivíduos tenham estratégias de alocação e utilização de recursos de acordo com a demanda específica de cada sexo, aumentando assim a capacidade de explorar ambientes limitantes. Indivíduos femininos geralmente apresentam maior investimento de carbono durante o desenvolvimento reprodutivo, devido à produção de frutos. Indivíduos masculinos possuem maior demanda nutricional, para a produção de polén. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do dimorfismo sexual e das fases fenológicas sobre o desempenho ecofisiológico de árvores masculinas e femininas de Myrsine coriacea provenientes de nove populações. As características funcionais mensuradas estavam relacionadas com o crescimento, partição de biomassa, composição química do tecido foliar e eficiência fotossintética. De maneira geral, houve dimorfismo sexual no desempenho ecofisiológico. Porém, o efeito do dimorfismo sexual foi dependente da fase fenológica e das condições ambientais de cada população. Somente foi verificado dimorfismo sexual em caracterísiticas funcionais durante as fases de floração e frutificação.O desempenho de indivíduos masculinos esteve associado com a manutenção de maiores taxas de crescimento, enquanto o de femininos se relacionou aos maiores conteúdos de pigmentos cloroplastídicos e maior eficiência fotossintética. Os resultados demonstraram que a espécie apresentou uma combinação de alterações em características funcionais (diversidade funcional), como forma de responder às diferentes demandas de recursos a nível individual. A menor competição por recursos, favorece a coexistência dos sexos e maximiza a exploração dos recursos do ambiente, como forma de potencializar o sucesso reprodutivo da espécie.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T15:05:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo4648_1.pdf: 1449189 bytes, checksum: be2d16ac2127720092861765b4727483 (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003 / Os fragmentos de Floresta Atlântica presentes no nordeste do brasil, ainda apresentam uma flora rica e diversificada, abrangendo muitos grupos taxonômicos. Com o objetivo de ampliar o conhecimento florístico e ecológico para o grupo das pteridófitas, foi selecionado um remanescente florestal situado na Zona da Mata Sul, no estado de Pernambuco, entre os municípios de Jaqueira e Lagoa dos Gatos. Realizou-se estudo florístico, ecológico e de distribuição altitudinal, abrangendo cinco matas de um fragmento contínuo, classificado como Floresta Estacional Semidecidual Montana, conhecido localmente como Serra do Urubu e que corresponde a aproximadamente 500ha de floresta. O estudo indicou a presença de 145 espécies, distribuídas em 52 gêneros e 18 famílias, sendo o nível altitudinal 600-713m o mais representativo qualitativamente. Grupos como Grammitidaceae e Elaphoglossum Sm. foram encontrados apenas nessa faixa altitudinal, a qual está sujeita a maior nebulosidade e pluviosidade. O estudo realizado corresponde a 46,6% da flora pteridofítica conhecida para Pernambuco, evidenciando 17 novas referências para o Nordeste do Brasil e 10 para Pernambuco. Quanto aos aspectos ecológicos observados nas pteridófitas das áreas estudadas, a maioria das espécies apresentou hábito herbáceo (82%), sendo terrícolas (45%), no interior da mata (38%), ocorrendo preferencialmente como ciófilas e mesófilas (32%). A forma de vida predominante foi a hemicriptófita (58%)

No description available.

A phytosociological study covering approximately 12 000 km2 was completed within Southeastern Mpumalanga high altitude grasslands. The towns of Belfast, Barberton, Piet Retief and Wakkerstroom represented the four corners of the area. The study formed part of the Grassland Biome Project sponsored by the Department of Environmental Affairs and Tourism. The Braun-Blanquet approach was applied. Grassland research results from the western side of the country, determined that soil patterns and vegetation distribution are significantly correlated. Based on these results, it was hypothesised that the same correlation would exist in the east. The eight soil patterns used during the survey as homogenous units, were Ab, Ac, Ad, Ae, Ea, Fa, Fb and lb. A pro rata, randomly stratified sample size of 405 plots were used. An in-depth literature study of the environmental and other factors related to vegetation distribution, indicated on local scale that a significant correlation exists between landform and plant distribution. Two geographic information systems, Idrisi and Arc-Info/Niew, aided in the modelling and extraction of environmental attributes from existing databases. A TWINSPAN classification of the complete floristic data set falsified the null hypothesis based on the soil patterns but verified the null hypothesis based on landforms. The TWINSPAN dendrogram revealed clusters associated with three landforms (mountains, hills and lowlands, and plains) in two ecosystems, the terrestrial and the wetlands or aquatic. The three landforms represented three mapping units: Southeastern Mpumalanga Mountain Vegetation Type, Southeastern Mpumalanga Hills and Lowland Vegetation Type and Southeastern Mpumalanga Plain Vegetation Type. A second TWINSPAN classification was executed on each of the vegetation types. The resulting clusters were tested for uniqueness and informational value using a set of criteria. Those clusters which qualified were arranged in a Braun-Blanquet table to determine communities, sub-communities and variations using constancy and fidelity values. The plant communities within the vegetation types were described in terms of floristic composition and environmental attributes. The indirect gradient analysis ordination program DECORANA was used to determine environmental trends and was confirmed by using multiple regression. Soil water availability was the most significant environmental trend between the two ecosystems and within the communities of the ecosystems in each vegetation type. Soil water availability is influenced by numerous factors, whose significance differs from one vegetation type to another. lt was concluded from this study that, in high rainfall areas, soil patterns and vegetation distribution are not significantly correlated but that landforms and vegetation distribution are significantly correlated. Landscape slope configuration or landform influences soil water availability through soil characteristics (rockiness, texture and depth) and local climatic conditions (aspect, perpendicular insolation and precipitation). lt is suggested that the current Grassland - Savanna Biome boundary be changed towards the west using the boundary between the covered and exposed shields. This suggestion is supported by the presence of Hyparrhenia hirta/Hyperthelia dissoluta - Acacia sieberiana communities to the east of the study area in the different vegetation types which correlate significantly with the thorntree-tall grass savanna formation on a global scale. AFRIKAANS : 'n Fitososiologiese studie is gedoen van die Suid-oostelike Mpumalanga hoe liggende grasveld tussen die dorpe Belfast, Barberton, Piet Retief en Wakkerstroom. 'n Area van ongeveer 12 000 km2 is bestudeer. Die studie is deel van die Grasveld Bioom Projek gefinansier deur die Departement van Omgewingsake en Toerisme. Die Braun-Blanquet benadering is gebruik. Resultate van grasveldnavorsing in die westelike deel van die grasveld bioom, het aangedui dat 'n betekenisvolle verband tussen grondpatrone en plantegroei verspreiding bestaan. Na aanleiding van hierdie resultate, is die hipotese gemaak dat dieselfde verband in die ooste sal voorkom. Agt grondpatrone, Ab, Ac, Ad, Ae, Fa, Fb, en lb is as homogene eenhede beskou. 'n Eweredige ewekansige steekproefneming van 405 punte is gebruik. 'n Deeglike literatuurstudie van die omgewing en faktore wat verband hou met plantegroei verspreiding, het aangedui op lokale skale, dat 'n verband tussen landvorm en plantegroei verspreiding bestaan. Twee geografiese inligtingstelsels, ldrisi en Arc-lnfo/View, is gebruik in die modelering en verkryging van omgewings data vanuit bestaande databasisse. 'n TWINSPAN klassifikasie gebaseer op die volledige spesiesamestelling, het die nul hipotese oor die grondpatrone ongeldig verklaar maar die nul hipotese oor die landvorme bevestig. Die TWINSPAN dendrogram het groeperings bevat wat verband hou met drie landvorme (berge, heuwels en laaglande en vlaktes) in twee ekosisteme, terrestrieel en vleiland van akwatiese omgewings. Die drie landvorme is beskou as drie karteerbare eenhede: Suid-oostelike Mpumalanga Berg Plantegroeitipe, Suidoostelike Mpumalanga Heuwels en Laagland Plantegroeitipe en Suid-oostelike Mpumalanga Vlakte Plantegroeitipe. 'n Tweede TWINSPAN klassifikasie is op elk van die plantegroeitipes toegepas. Elke plantegroeitipe se groeperings is met behulp van bepaalde voorwaardes vir uniekheid en inligtingswaarde getoets. Die groeperings wat gekwalifiseer het, is met behulp van konstantheids en getrouheids waardes in 'n Braun-Blanquet tabel gerangskik in gemeenskappe, sub-gemeenskappe en variasies. Elke plantegroei tipe se gemeenskappe is beskryf in terme van floristies spesiesamestelling en omgewingsfaktore. 'n indirekte gradientanalise ordeningsprogram DECORANA is gebruik vir die bepaling van omgewings tendense en is bevestig met behulp van veelvuldige regressies. Grondwaterbeskikbaarheid was die mees betekenisvolle omgewingstendens tussen die ekosisteme en die gemeenskappe van die plantegroei tipes. Grondwaterbeskikbaarheid word deur 'n aantal faktore beïnvloed, waarvan die belangrikheid van plantegroei tipe tot plantegroeitipe wissel. 'n Gevolgtrekking van die studie is, dat in hoë reënvalomgewings daar nie 'n betekenisvolle verband is tussen grondpatrone en plantegroei verspreiding nie maar wel tussen landvorme en plantegroeiverspreiding. Landskap hellingsamestelling of landvorme beïnvloed grondwaterbeskikbaarheid deur middel van grondeienskappe (klipperigheid, tekstuur en diepte) en lokale klimaatstoestande (aspek, loodregte bestraling en presipitasie). Daar word voorgestel dat die huidige Grasveld- Savanna Bioom grens weswaarts geskuif word om ooreen te stem met die grens tussen die bedekte en blootgestelde plate. Die voorstel word ondersteun deur die teenwoordigheid van Hyparrhenia hirta/Hyperthelia dissoluta - Acacia sieberana plantgemeenskappe in die ooste van die plantegroeitipes wat betekenisvol ooreenstem met die langgras-doring boom savanna formasie op globale skaal. / Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 1999. / Plant Science / unrestricted

High altitude is one of the most extreme environments inhabited by endotherms, where extreme cold temperatures and low O2 availability (hypoxia) can constrain aerobic heat production (thermogenesis) to maintain body temperature (Tb). Recent findings suggest that the gut microbiome contributes to whole-body thermogenesis, but the significance of this mechanism for coping in cold environments is unknown. We examined whether the gut microbiome contributes to adaptive variation in thermogenic performance in deer mice at high altitude. Mice from populations native to high altitude and low altitude were born and raised in common conditions. Adults from both populations were acclimated to warm (25C) normoxia or cold (5C) hypoxia (~12 kPa O2 for 6 weeks) in a full factorial design, and a subset of mice in each group were treated with antibiotics to deplete the gut microbiome. Thermogenic endurance was then measured as the duration that Tb and metabolism could be maintained during acute cold challenge. In lowlanders, antibiotics had only modest effects on thermogenic endurance. In highlanders, in stark contrast, antibiotic treatment led to pronounced reductions in thermogenic endurance in both environments. These effects could not be explained by impairments in aerobic heat production by host thermogenic tissues, because antibiotic treatment had no effects on cold-induced increases in O2 consumption or UCP1 content of brown adipose tissue. These results suggest that the gut microbiome plays an increased role in thermogenesis in high-altitude mice. Thermogenic performance contributes to fitness at high altitude, suggesting that changes in host-microbe interactions contribute to high-altitude adaptation. / Thesis / Master of Science (MSc) / High altitude is one of the most extreme environments inhabited by endotherms. Recent findings suggest that the gut microbiome contributes to thermogenesis, but the significance of this mechanism for coping in cold environments is unknown. We examined whether the gut microbiome contributes to adaptive variation in thermogenic performance in deer mice at high altitude. Adult mice from low and high-altitude populations were acclimated to warm normoxia or cold hypoxia, and a subset of mice in each group were treated with antibiotics to deplete the gut microbiome. Thermogenic endurance was measured as the duration that Tb and metabolism could be maintained during acute cold challenge. In lowlanders, antibiotics had modest effects on thermogenic endurance but in highlanders, it led to pronounced reductions in thermogenic endurance in both environments. These results show that thermogenic performance contributes to fitness at high altitude, suggesting that changes in host-microbe interactions contribute to high-altitude adaptation.