Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2018-02-21T21:07:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 AlexandreCoelhoSerquiz_TESE.pdf: 8370235 bytes, checksum: aa1e631572517b48190e74a0576f6dee (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2018-02-22T00:34:41Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 AlexandreCoelhoSerquiz_TESE.pdf: 8370235 bytes, checksum: aa1e631572517b48190e74a0576f6dee (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-22T00:34:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AlexandreCoelhoSerquiz_TESE.pdf: 8370235 bytes, checksum: aa1e631572517b48190e74a0576f6dee (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-11-27 / A exposi??o ? fatores ambientais, n?veis elevados de xenobi?ticos na dieta e at? as rea??es bioqu?micas realizadas pelo metabolismo humano aumentam a gera??o de esp?cies reativas de oxig?nio (ERO) e nitrog?nio (ERN). Essa eleva??o de ERO e ERN pode promover estresse oxidativo e gerar uma s?rie de problemas fisiopatol?gicos. Estudos bioqu?micos relatam que os antioxidantes diet?ticos possuem benef?cios na preven??o de doen?as. As frutas se destacam pela grande quantidade de subst?ncias bioativas com essa atividade ben?fica. A atem?ia, nosso objeto de estudo, ainda foi pouco estudada e portanto n?o se sabe seus componentes qu?micos (nutrientes) e seus efeitos no metabolismo ap?s sua ingesta. Portanto, ? muito importante compreender os mecanismos da rea??o dos antioxidantes presentes na fruta atem?ia com as esp?cies reativas. Neste trabalho foram feitos ensaios in vitro e in vivo, dos quais destacam-se a forma??o de extrato aquoso e farinha das partes da semente, casca e polpa, quantifica??o de prote?nas, carboidratos e compostos fen?licos, como tamb?m a avalia??o da presen?a de inibidores de proteases e hemaglutininas, al?m dos testes antioxidantes; capacidade antioxidante total (CAT), sequestro de radicais hidroxila (SRH), sequestro de radicais super?xido (SRS), quela??o de metais (QM), al?m da avalia??o de estresse oxidativo por par?metros bioqu?micos e histol?gico em animais alimentados com as partes da atemoia. Foram detectados a presen?a de inibidores de protease e aglutininas nos extratos da atemoia, essas subst?ncias possuem potencial para serem utilizadas na ?rea da biotecnologia ou biom?dica, ajudando na preven??o de doen?as ou at? mesmo no melhoramento gen?tico das frutas. Os extratos apresentaram prote?nas, carboidratos e compostos fen?licos em sua composi??o, fato que sugere uma sinergia entre esses compostos no efeito antioxidante, vale ressaltar que no estudo sup?em-se a presen?a de outras subst?ncias n?o conhecidas, que podem estar influenciando nesses efeitos. J? os estudos in vivo mostram um efeito n?o t?xico dos extratos. Os melhores resultados in vivo foram obtidos com extrato semente. Sendo assim, prop?em-se que os extratos de atemoia tem propriedades funcionais. E estudos futuros devem ser realizados com intuito de se elucidar as vias e compostos espec?ficos que possam atuar nesses benef?cios. / An exhibition of human food, biochemistry and mathematics, increase the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitrogen (RN). This elevation of ROS and RNS creates an oxidative stress, which can generate a series of pathophysiological problems. Biochemical studies report that dietary antioxidants have benefits in disease prevention. Fruits stand out for the great amount of bioactive substances with this beneficial activity. Nutrition is one of them, however, it has been little studied and it is not possible to know its chemical components (nutrients) and their effects on metabolism after its ingestion. Therefore, it is very important for the mechanisms of the reaction of the antioxidants present in the fruit to the redo with the reactive species. In this work, in vitro and in vivo assays, which include the formation of aqueous extract and flour of the parts of the seed, peel and pulp, quantification of proteins, carbohydrates and phenolic compounds, as well as an evaluation of the presence of protease inhibitors and hemagglutinins, in addition to the antioxidant testes; total antioxidant capacity (CAT), hydroxyl radical sequestration (SRH), superoxide radical scavenging (SRS), metal chelation (QM), and biochemical and histological evaluation of oxidative stress in animals fed as parts of atemoia. A presence of protease inhibitors and agglutinins have been detected in atemoia extracts, these are necessary for use in the biotechnology or biomedical area, helping to prevent diseases or even genetic improvement of fruits. Extruders presented proteins, carbohydrates and phenolic compounds in their composition, a fact that suggests a synergy between these compounds, it is not an antioxidant effect, it is worth mentioning that the study supposes a presence of other substances not known, which may be influencing these effects . Already in vivo studies show a nontoxic effect of the extracts. The best in vivo results were obtained with seed extract. Thus, it is proposed that the extracts of atemoia have properties. Future studies should be carried out to become segmental and specific segments.