The anonymity of shareholders and non-transparent ownership structures of joint stock companies belongs to the most discussed issues of these days in terms of corporate law. The significant changes in relevant legislation and unresolved questions of the anonymity of shareholders are the reason I decided to focus on this topic. The main purpose of my thesis is to analyze the anonymity of shareholders and conditions of their identification, primarily regarding the recent recodification of the Czech civil law and the legislation being prepared not only in the Czech Republic but also at EU-level. The thesis is composed of six chapters. Chapter One is introductory and deals with the history of the anonymity of shareholders and their identification within the Czech territory. Chapter two is concerned with the problems that resulted from enacting the Bearer Share Abolition Act. Next two Chapters concentrate on current Czech legislation regulating the anonymity of shareholders and conditions of their identification, represented in particular by the Business Corporation Act and other relevant statues. These chapters are subdivided into several parts which thematically deal with the anonymity based on the form of shares, information publicized in the Commercial Register or the conception of a trust; it also...

This thesis deals with degree of effective anonymity of shareholders in a public limited company and with possible ways of its limiting. It is also concerned with manners of identification of shareholders for purpose of exercise of their shareholder rights, as well as for uncovering shareholder structure of a public limited company is specific cases, provided by law. The aim of the thesis is to explain and analyze the legislation de lege lata, particularly with regards to recodification of private law and to other upcoming enactments of both private and public law. The topic was chosen by the author also with intent to professionally explain this issue which has not been dealt with comprehensively in academic papers. The topic has been elaborated particularly by analyzing individual legal concepts relating to anonymity and identification of shareholders; a historical method is used in the introduction dedicated to historical roots of anonymity of shareholders, too. The introduction contains characteristics of public limited company, including definition of shares, and sets the traditional concept of shareholder's anonymity in the historical context. The main part of the thesis is focused on analysis of individual provisions of the Commercial Code from the perspective of degree of shareholder's...

This thesis is aimed on internet security, gaining the anonymity and creating a guide to increase self defense of internet users. The goal of this paper is to describe the types of cyber attacks that can be done on internet users and to describe circular flow of information about users on internet and its use by third parties. Additional goal is to design the ways of reaching the anonymity on internet and to provide a guide to increase a self defense of the users. This thesis gradually describes creation of internet, world-wide-web and web standards, which is important for understanding the vulnerability of today's internet. Thesis is complemented by enumeration of relevant protocols of ISO/OSI model, which has share on user's everyday communication. Next part pass to attacks itself both technical based (e.g. Man-In-The-Middle) and social based (e.g. Phishing). This paper also aims on collecting the data of internet users by third parties and on the ways how to prevent it and reach the anonymity on the internet. End of this paper belongs to the list of security steps for standard internet users, by which they will be able to minimize the risk to minimum. Final chapter presents online blog that was created to enhance awareness of internet users.

This thesis analyzes the position of the author in the environment of internet. The main source of information for this thesis is the study of Roland Barthes - Death of the Author and the lecture of Michel Foucault - What is an author? After a thorough analysis of these two works, the thesis focuses on the description of the webpage www.pismak.cz, which has been selected as a suitable representative for environment of internet. This website allows us to study and explore the role and place of the author. I tried to describe the position of the author on this website. Mainly the fact, that every user of this website uses a pseudonym - nick. The work also presents new insights into the phenomenon of internet anonymity, based on the information gathered from current scientific articles. At the end I compare my own analysis with theories of Roland Barthes and Michel Foucault. The thesis concludes, that works of Roland Barthes and Michel Foucault are still valid, even when compared with modern phenomenon - internet.

This thesis analyzes the position of the author in the environment of internet. The main source of information for this thesis is the study of Roland Barthes - Death of the Author and the lecture of Michel Foucault - What is an author? After a thorough analysis of these two works, the thesis focuses on the description of the webpage www.pismak.cz, which has been selected as a suitable representative for environment of internet. This website allows us to study and explore the role and place of the author. I tried to describe the position of the author on this website. Mainly the fact, that every user of this website uses a pseudonym - nick. The work also presents new insights into the phenomenon of internet anonymity, based on the information gathered from current scientific articles. At the end I compare my own analysis with theories of Roland Barthes and Michel Foucault. The thesis concludes, that works of Roland Barthes and Michel Foucault are still valid, even when compared with modern phenomenon - internet.

Anonymity of shareholders and the requierements for their identification This thesis concentrates on the anonymity of shareholders which is currently one of the most discussed aspects of the corporate law. The topicality of this issue was one of the reasons for the selection of this topic. Czech legislation has been criticized both by NGOs and a large part of Czech population for the excessive simplicity of the use of anonymous shares and for owners identification impossibility.. The paper is focused on ways of both hiding the beneficial owner of shares and also shareholders identification. This work is written during the ongoing debate on the abolition of bearer shares, which is considered to be an instrument for corruption or legalization of proceeds from criminal activities, so-called money laundering. Debates on the abolition (or at least reducing) of the shareholders anonymity are being held not only in the Czech Republic. Many countries have already implemented certain instruments in this area. Bearer shares have been canceled without compensations in some countries, , other countries allowed their demeterialized or immobilized form. The aim of this work is to analyze not only valid and effective legislation, but also the legislation enacted in connection with the recodification of private...

Anonymity of shareholders and the associated degree of transparency of the joint- stock company belongs in the field of company law among the most debated issues. Especially in light of the necessary fight againstmoney laundering and financing of global terrorism European legislaton creates extensive modification of the terms which are targeted on uncovering the identity of genuine owners of joint-stock companies. Czech Republic is obliged to transpose these terms into czech law. From this perspective, it is a very dynamic subject that is rapidly evolving and is not analyzed comprehensively. Work is primarily devoted to the description of the institutes in czech private law, which allow to maintain the anonymity of shareholders and degree of their possible identification. The thesis contains also the characteristics of selected public law acts in which is presented strong public interest on the identification of beneficial owners of corporations. The thesis also reflects upcoming changes that will in the near future modify the position of shareholders and their potential unfolding. The first two chapters focus on the brief description of the historical development of the concept of shareholders anonymity and the terms of their identification. The second chapterfocuses on the enactment of theBearer...

In this age when information technologies became inseparable parts of our lives we can hardly imagine for example living without internet. There is a phenomenon connected with internet and that is large scale collection of data about internet users and their activities. Because of this fact, it is important to protect our internet privacy as a very important aspect of our lives. This work examines large scale collection of data about users internet activities. During this work, different methods and reasons for this largescale data collection are examined. Later, different ways how internet users are protected by law or how they can protect themselves are examined. One of the ways how internet users can protect their internet privacy is by using so-called anonymizing networks connected with a phenomenon called Darknet. This work examines if it is possible by ordinary internet users to adapt this method of internet privacy protection.

V tejto práci sumarizujeme aktuálny výskum protokolov z rodiny Proof-of-Stake ako napr. Algorand, Tendermint a LaKSA. Analyzovali sme ich funkcionalitu a tiež ich problémy. V rámci výskumu sme implementovali a novy protokol z rodiny Dôkaz-Podielom, ktorý rieši nájdené problémy ako priepustnosť, škálovatelnosť a bezpečnosť.

Background: Despite a slight decline in the prevalence of substance use among adolescents in last years, there is a constant need for effective, available and well-targeted preventive interventions. Children of parents with substance use experiences are considered to be more endangered. Although the quality and availability of universal prevention programs has improved, their effectiveness is not usually systematically verified, moreover, the impact on children of parents with substance use experiences is unknown. The Unplugged preventive intervention was supplemented by nPrevention booster sessions in order to support its research-proven preventive impact. Aims: The main objective was to evaluate the effect of Unplugged and nPrevention programs combination (Un+nP) after 24 months in comparison with Unplugged program (Un) alone and control in respect of the substance use experience in parents. The secondary objective was to test the reliability of anonymous self-generated identification code (SGIC) and the process of matching children's questionnaires between waves of data collection and with parents' questionnaires. Methods: A cluster randomized, controlled, 3-arm, prospective, school-based prevention trial was conducted between years 2013 and 2017 to evaluate the Unplugged (implemented in the 6th...