The dissertation examines Argentine immigration policy in 1852- 1914. It focuses on the immigration process itself, the attitude of the Argentine political cliques and population, the minority groups, the influence of immigration on the development of Argentina in the mentioned period, the living conditions of immigrants and the process of their acclimatisation. For a better understanding of the chosen topic, the work was divided into two parts, followed by individual chapters. As a result of the research of published and unpublished sources, professional literature and articles, historical publications and other available sources, the importance of European immigration to the country's economic development, modernisation, demographic and culture was confirmed. Although the immigration process was also linked to negative aspects, such as the disappearance of the indigenous population, social inequality and the significant influence of European societies on the domestic economy, the population growth, the integration of immigrants into the primary and secondary economic sectors and political consolidation made Argentina one of the world's fastest-growing economies.