New Approaches to Legal Reasoning as Used in Case-Law - Summary The phenomenon of legal interpretation and argumentation theory has become increasingly popular in the Czech Republic. The thesis first aims to summarize theories (or methodologies) of three Anglo-Saxon scholars, Neil MacCormick, Ronald Dworkin and William N. Eskridge. In the thesis, three respective theoretic chapters are dedicated to theories of legal interpretation as presented by each of them. After exploring philosophic backgrounds of the theories briefly, main focus was put on sets of different interpretation methods and interpretive arguments these scholars find most relevant. Subsequently, I tried to analyse the arguments and to examine role different legal arguments play in the process of interpretation as described in works of the three scholars. Each theory is eventually explicated on a convenient law case mentioned in one of its author's books. The second aim of the thesis is to apply the theories as summarised in the theoretical part on Czech law cases to find out whether the theories are successfully applicable considering differences of Czech (continental) legal system and common-law-based legal orders as well as whether such application might prove helpful to a Czech law interpret. For that reason several important Czech "hard"...

The central theme of my thesis are theoretical assumptions of Plato's arguments based on the figure appearance in dialogues X. Republic and Sophist. Separated chapters are devoted to the interpretation of selected passages of dialogue. Some partial assumptions are developed in details, such as The one over many argument in dialogue X. Republic and the essence of the image from Sophist. One conclusion follows from these work: the use of figures appearance is extremely problematic, for that reason, because we can not clarify the nature of image, as its a definitional feature. Reduction of imitation and in the second case of the art of Sophists on a certain type of representation, however, does not lead to the intended goal (to know the subjects of interpretation), but pointed out some non-trivial descriptions of the philosophical framework of Plato's thought. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

The diploma thesis titled "Language Correctness and Incorrectness as an Argument Used in Online Discussions" deals with a language criticism which is used as an argument in online discussions. Firstly, the thesis frames language and speech, argumentation, rhetoric, and communication. Then it introduces online discussions and describes how they work, and how they contribute to communication. It is also focused on the users as creators of content in online discussions. The thesis analyzes the corpus of online discussions in which the argumentation based on language correctness and incorrectness is contained. According to communication situations, the thesis classifies by what language criticism is started, what arguments are used by the critics, how the critized react, and how the others perceive language criticism. The research also examines the consequence of language criticism in online discussions. The goal of the thesis is to determinate whether and how language incorrectness may affect information value of particular post, and how the arguments based on language correctness and incorrectness are used.

Thesis aims on analyzing public appearances of former Czech prime minister Petr Nečas with special focus on pragmatics and reasoning. Whole analysis is performed with regard to political context. The goal of the thesis is creating complete characteristics, which can be used as a basis in future researches in pragmatics, political marketing or political PR. Using qualitative approach the thesis analyzes recordings from political debates, parliament meetings and press conferences from the era, when Petr Nečas was prime minister. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Master thesis called "Users rhetoric of selected asynchronous discussions on the Internet" studies culture of language and rhetorical cultivation in the selected discussion pieces from the three news servers, namely Aktuálně.cz., iDnes.cz and Neviditelný pes. Under many of these virtual newspaper articles there are discussions that are meant to develop read ideas and opinions. This discussion space is accessible for practically everyone who has an access to the Internet, which is one of the characteristics and advantages of network media over traditional ones. However limitations of traditional media anticipated the use of appropriate and cultivated language. Network media have different characteristics and asynchronous discussion make other demands on language in them. Natural language is the basic communication medium, which is the primary content of most mass media. In the practical part there is an examination of users speech behavior in these discussions. The rhetorical analysis is used there, which allows a holistic view of speech including its argumentative construction. The aim is to find out what this type of online dialogues is characteristic from the point of view of rhetoric.

The theme of the work is assessment of argumentation strategies used by Revue Devetsil (ReD) editors, eg in response to articles published elsewhere or other critical contributions - especially in the context of conflict of art and politics. In particular, the observed situations relate to cases in which ReD editors expressed their views on the evaluations of contemporary avant-garde movement. The content of the study is an analysis of argumentation techniques according to social viewpoint. Rather than formal stylistic means, the text is oriented to contents and context of the use of specific or repeated arguments, especially the position from which the message is being produced. At the same time, the work captures the communication traits and characteristics of the First Republic cultural journalism and the position of the Czech avant-garde at the turn of the 1920s and 1930s. The thesis is divided into four chapters and a conclusion. The first one presents the media landscape of the First Republic cultural journalism, the second chapter informs about Devetsil movement, third part focuses on presentation of the goals of the Revue Devetsil, the fourth chapter presents examples of argumentative concepts on the genre of the manifesto, the polemics and the theoretical study. The conclusion discusses...

This work deals with communication in multiagent systems. The protocols for negotiation and argumentation are shown, and model example of their usage is described. We describe hierarchical model of trust in contexts, that is used for representation of agent's believes. The argumentation protocol for those agents is designed, and is used for solving conflicts.

Helena Esterlová Aplikovaná etika, KTF UK Anotace diplomové práce v AJ Název práce: Influence of burnout syndrome on christian-ethical argumentation examined in the form of a case study of a clergyman Abstract: The burnout syndrome affects usually people who live to the fullest, who feel to be called to some activity, It gives them the meaning of their life. However, various outer and inner influences can cause that the meaning of the life starts to disappear, in the worst cases people lose their vision completely. The burnout often affects people who are engaged in other people and their problems. These people are also clergymans, who encounter the other's problems every day. A person is paralysed during contending a burnout in all areas of life: physical, mental, emotional, social and spiritual. He is losing the meaning of life and needs a total restart unconditionally. If a cleric is losing the meaning of life his service in church in a serious danger. One of the crucial things for restoring the internal balance is finding the meaning of life again and subsequent organizing the values in the way that allows to live stably and doesn't lead to a burnout again. The area of values is the area explored by ethics. On the verbal level the anchoring of person's values is shown by his (ethical) argumentation....

Lydie Kárníková Ideology in the Language of Media Diploma thesis 2011 Abstract The thesis scrutinizes the ways in which three Czech nationwide print media process the same news topics. Through analysis of three thematic discourses it studies the differences in approaching and presenting reality. The main focus lies in the argumentative and language aspects of the media texts with the aim to find implicit references on sets of values and beliefs typical for the perspective of the particular news media title and for the society in general. Implicit sets of values woven into the media contents have a form of an ideology: These ideological ideas can be very different across the society due to the number of opinion groups present within the whole society. In modern democratic countries with opinion plurality there are different ideological ideas neighbouring within the media market. The news as a genre does not allow expressing one's own opinion or approach explicitly: the news media thus embed their opinions into the structures of language. The core hypothesis of this thesis is the ability of language to create meanings. With the help of methodology that combines argumentative approach with analysis of syntactic and lexical modes of expressions the thesis tries to get into the language structure, looking for...

The objective of the PhD-thesis is analytical and comparative description of the main theoretical and philosophical approaches to the issue of legal interpretation, focusing on practical application. Initially, attention is paid to explanation of the concept of legal interpretation itself, focusing also on the practical meaning of differentiation between each designatum of the concept of legal interpretation as well as the reflection thereof in the applicable law. Other parts of the thesis include an introduction to the general typology of the theories of legal interpretation followed by a more detailed analysis of the three basic contemporary theories (philosophies) of legal interpretation, namely analytical approach (both the so-called horse-shoe analysis and soft-shoe analysis), hermeneutic approach (attention is paid to the traditional as well as modern hermeneutics, both the phenomenological and methodological branch), and discursive approach (represented by the rhetorical-topical view of discourse as well as the procedural concept of discourse). The PhD-thesis results in the pronunciation of a syncretic opinion that the different theories of interpretation of law should be explained and taught in mutual context because this dialogic approach provides a guarantee that their conclusions and...