Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-08T16:19:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 wagner.pdf: 3055659 bytes, checksum: 2f9b155877ef1311c8f91c5f076d1fbf (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-10-27 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This present research aims to analyze the relationship between cinema and contemporary art by using certain moments of artistic and theoretical production of Arthur Omar. The beginning of his artistic trajectory is marked by rupture with traditional documentary filmmaking, period when he will introduce the notion of antidocumentário in the context of the Brazilian audiovisual production. From that moment on, he takes a path that goes from cinema to visual arts, passing through video, photography e video installations. In 2006, he performs the exposition Zooprismas: Ciência Cognitiva dos Corpos Gloriosos containing video and photographic images in many ways of displaying and projecting. These are works designed from the softening of the boundaries that separate photography, cinema, video e visual arts. Think about the pictorial devices becomes fundamental for a reflection on the artistic experience nowadays. Therefore, the research dialogues with the notion of cinema effect, procedure of filmmakers / artists whosometimes use the film material directly in production, sometimes invent forms of presentation that make you think or are inspired by effects or cinematic forms / A presente pesquisa tem por objetivo analisar a relação entre cinema e arte contemporânea abordando determinados momentos da produção artística e teórica de Arthur Omar. O início de sua trajetória artística é marcado pelo movimento de ruptura com o cinema documentário tradicional, período em que o artista vai introduzir a noção de antidocumentário no contexto da produção audiovisual brasileira. A partir desse momento realiza um percurso que vai do cinema às artes plásticas, passando pelo vídeo, fotografia e instalações de vídeo. Realiza ainda em 2006 a exposição Zooprismas: Ciência Cognitiva dos Corpos Gloriosos, constituída por imagens videográficas e fotográficas em variadas possibilidades de exposição e projeção. São trabalhos concebidos a partir da suavização das fronteiras que separam fotografia, cinema, vídeo e artes visuais. Pensar sobre os dispositivos imagéticos torna-se desta maneira tarefa fundamental para uma reflexão sobre a experiência artística na atualidade. Para tanto, a pesquisa dialoga com a noção de efeito cinema, procedimento de cineastas/artistas que ora utilizam diretamente o material fílmico em sua produção, ora inventam formas de apresentação que fazem pensar ou se inspiram em efeitos ou formas cinematográficas

Esta pesquisa averigua a forma como tem sido estabelecido o estatuto de recepção de algumas obras de arte no registro bruto/culto. Os artistas que abordamos são frequentemente classificados segundo tais categorias, ainda que tradicionalmente opostas: Arthur Bispo do Rosario (1909-1989), artista cujas obras foram alinhadas à Arte Contemporânea, e Judith Scott (1943-2005), artista com apenas algumas obras inseridas no campo da Arte Moderna e Contemporânea. O intento é examinar se os critérios e modos de leitura, praticados por críticos e curadores em mostras e exposições nacionais e internacionais, contemporaneamente, têm observado o vivido como significante preponderante do acervo desses artistas ou se, por outro lado, a prática é a de aproximação e incorporação no sistema de arte por aspectos meramente formais. Através do recolhimento da literatura referida a esses eventos, pretendemos explicitar os critérios de leitura e de fruição das obras desses artistas que compartilham o gosto por materiais têxteis, cujo processo de tecimento/destecimento é ingrediente-base de suas poéticas, mas que participam do sistema de arte em diferentes estatutos de integração. Finalmente, a pesquisa visa investigar até que ponto o sentido da escolha de têxteis no desenvolvimento de suas mitopoéticas foi considerado no campo da recepção crítica. A meio termo, destacamos um olhar de dentro do sistema de arte, contabilizando alguns dos pronunciamentos da artista francesa contemporânea Louise Bourgeois (1911-2010), considerando-os especialmente em dois aspectos que nos interessam neste estudo: sua relação com os têxteis, dos pontos de vista formal ou conceitual, e também sua singular perspectiva sobre o processo criativo e o engajamento do criador. A artista não tece julgamentos ou considerações de modo a estabelecer uma delimitação ou alguma fronteira entre os campos (in-) e (out-)sider, o que torna sua perspectiva particularmente atrativa. Colaborar para a reflexão sobre a interpretação de obras estrangeiras à esfera da arte institucionalizada é importante instrumento de compreensão dos processos de construção do saber artístico e de consolidação da fortuna crítica, além de proporcionar uma discussão sobre a possibilidade de pensar lArt Brut a partir de um ponto de vista do próprio sistema de arte / This research aims to enquire how the statute of some art works has been established in the outsider/cultivated art reception register. In this approach the artists are often classified accordingly to those categories, even though they are traditionally opposites: Arthur Bispo do Rosario (1909-1989), an artist whose works are linked to the contemporaneous art, and Judith Scott (1943-2005), an artist who has only some of her work included in the modern and Contemporary Arts system. The intent is to examine what is the criteria and reading tools currently used by curators and art critics in both national and international exhibits, to evaluate if they have considered that bulk of work as something of significant value or if the approach is one of incorporating it into the system in merely formal terms. Through the investigation of the available literature related to those events, we intend to think the criteria used in the evaluation and fruition of those artists work. They have in common the preference for textile materials; the weaving/unweaving process is the basis of their poetic. However, they hold different status of integration in the arts system. Finally, this research aims to investigate how much the choice of textile materials in the development of mythopoetic has been considered and accepted by the critics. In the middle ground, we point to a view that is inside the arts system, listing some of the pronoucements of the contemporary french artist Louise Bourgeois (1911-2010), regarding specially two aspects of interest in the present study: her relation with textiles, be it from the formal or conceptual point of view, and also her singular perspective about the creative process and the creators commitment to it. The artist does not judge or deliberate in order to establish or set out a boundary between the fields of (in-) and (out-)sider art, which makes her perspective even more interesting. Reflecting on the interpretation of foreign works connected to the institutionalized art is an important and valuable contribution to the construction of artistic knowledge and to the consolidation of critical fortune. It also provides a discussion on how to consider the possibility of viewing the Outsider Art from the art systems perspective

Based on the Salem witch trials of 1692-1693, Arthur Miller’s play The Crucible treats a historical event that could be considered overflowing with patriarchal oppression. Despite the author’s clear disapproval of the historical cruelty, the play continuously reveals patriarchal structures and shows misogynist tendencies in its depiction of women. This essay suggests that the two main female characters Abigail Williams and Elizabeth Proctor function as representations of binary oppositions based on the patriarchal assumption of two categories of women: the ‘bad girl’ and the ‘good girl,’ which both reinforce the idea of women as unnuanced objects rather than multifaceted subjects. By arguing that Abigail and Elizabeth represent the binary pairs ‘selfish/sacrificing’ and ‘promiscuous/frigid,’ the essay finds that the two women are depicted as ‘either/or’ and that the unnuanced portrayals result in an unsympathetic reading of them. Finally, the essay concludes that regardless if the woman is a ‘good girl’ or a ‘bad girl,’ she is socially punished or given unflattering characteristics in order not to compete with the male protagonist in terms of reader sympathy. / Arthur Millers pjäs The Crucible skildrar häxprocesserna i Salem 1692-1693, en historisk händelse som kan anses vara genomsyrad av patriarkalt förtryck. Trots författarens uttalade förakt gentemot häxprocessernas grymhet finns det tydliga och återkommande patriarkala strukturer i den stundom misogyna pjäsen, särskilt i dess kvinnoporträtt. Denna uppsats visar hur de två kvinnliga huvudkaraktärerena Abigail Williams och Elizabeth Proctor fungerar som representationer av binära motsatser baserade på den patriarkala idén om två kategorier av kvinnor: den ’dåliga flickan’ och den ’duktiga flickan’, vilka förstärker synen på kvinnor som onyanserade objekt snarare än mångfacetterade subjekt. Genom att argumentera för hur Abigail och Elizabeth representerar de binära paren ’självisk/självuppoffrande’ och ’promiskuös/frigid’ finner denna uppsats att Abigail och Elizabeth är porträtterade som ’antingen/eller’ och att den onyanserade karaktäriseringen resulterar i en osympatisk läsning av dem. Slutligen påvisar uppsatsen att oavsett om kvinnan är en ’duktig flicka’ eller en ’dålig flicka’ blir hon socialt bestraffad eller försedd med osmickrande karaktärsdrag i syfte att inte konkurrera med den manliga protagonisten om läsarens sympati.

The main purpose of this thesis is to present the biography of Arthur Wellesley, the first duke of Wellington (1769-1852) with the connection to his political career in the top political offices primarily in the years 1815-1832. With the respect to the way how Wellington concerned to his political negotiations, this thesis also try to look at the duke's childhood and adolescence. Based on the chronological order the large area of the thesis especially attends to the British facts, which comes close to us through the Wellington's political activity. This work deals with the key political issues incidental to the duke's career, e.g. Bill of Pains and Penalties, Catholic Emancipation, or Parliamentary Reform. We can come to the conclusion that his key political attitudes which had a great impact on his decisions were "the service to the state and the King", "non-party feeling in political debates", and "the demand of a discipline", not only for himself, but for his colleagues and subordinates too. Key words: Arthur Wellesley, the duke of Wellington, biography, Great Britain, the 1st half of the 19th century, political history, correspondence

This thesis will introduce the Viennese Modernism from the background of social and aesthetic changes at the turn of the 20th century. First will be outlined the social situation around 1900 and a position of bourgeois class in this society, because this class is where the culture of Viennese Modernism came from. From this social status as well as numerous scandals of modern art in this conservative society will be explained the organization of the cultural life of the young generation of artists. Furthermore there will also be introduced the Modernism in painting, architecture and music by their major artists. Similarly, in literature will be presented Hermann Bahr as an organizer of the literary group Young Vienna and his biggest opponent Karl Kraus, the satirist of his time. Thematically, the work of the authors of Young Vienna is divided into three areas, namely into the image of the society, which is mainly reflected in the work of Arthur Schnitzler and Peter Altenberg, aestheticism, which is also the subject of the most important works by Leopold Andrian, Richard Beer-Hofmann and the early dramas of Hugo von Hofmannsthal. The last theme is Chandos-Brief, written by Hugo von Hofmannsthal, which is a document of the language crisis in this time.

La présente étude analyse d'un côté et sous une perspective philosophique et anthropologique, la relation de l'artiste au réel. De l'autre, elle étudie la place ontologique et esthétique de l'acteur/du performer dans l'art documentaire contemporain. Puisque toute forme de documentation est soutenue par une définition du « réel » ainsi que par le problème de sa juste « saisie », il semble indispensable d’interroger la notion de « perception » et ceci sous ses aspects ethnographiques ainsi que physiologiques. Le positionnement contemporain qui se dessine apparaît donc comme « constructiviste », à savoir que ce que nous appelons le réel y est le fruit d’une relation dialogique et égalitaire entre l’homme et les objets du monde. Cette relation s’est libérée du concept cartésien des res cogitans et res extensa qui s’opposent de façon hiérarchique. Pour l’art documentaire contemporain, ce premier constat comporte deux conséquences : d’un côté, nous observons que la rencontre de l’artiste avec le réel est tâtonnant et emprunt de doutes et que ses esthétiques relèvent du fragmentaire et de l’hétérogène. De l’autre, l’art documentaire contemporain se voit obligé d’interroger la notion du « jeu » avec les documents, notamment les limites – esthétiques comme éthiques - de la fictionnalisation. Le constat de la fonction épistémologique prépondérante du jeu au sein de l’art documentaire contemporain, représente le cœur de la présente thèse. / The aim of the present thesis is on one hand, to explore the relationship between artists and reality from a philosophical and anthropological perspective and on the other hand, to describe the ontological and aesthetical position of the actor/performer in contemporary documentary art, particularly in theatre. Since any form of documentation of reality requires a definition of the real and the ways to deal with it, or to capture it, a definition of “perception” is essential, from a philosophical, ethnographical and physiological perspective. The contemporary point of view in this respect can be described as absolutely constructivist. Reality stands out as the product of a balanced communication between subject and object. Observer and observed reality are not in opposition to each other, in a hierarchical and dichotomous way as Descartes formulated it in his rationalist concept of res cogitans and res extensa, but they rather interact into a dialogue. For the contemporary documentary art this definition of reality offers two sides: on one hand, in an attitude that meets reality rather carefully and doubtfully, it results in an opened, fragmented and heterogeneous form of art. On the other hand, documentary art deals with the ethical and aesthetical problem of playing (with) the documentation. Each and every documentary artist shall constantly assess, whether and to what extend art is allowed to play with reality. However, the statement that playing with reality fulfills a unique, both epistemological and anthropological function, is definitely the subject of the present study. / Die folgende Studie untersucht einerseits, aus philosophischer und anthropologischer Perspektive, die Beziehung des Künstlers zur Realität. Andererseits beschreibt sie die ontologische und ästhetische Stellung des Schauspielers/Performers in der zeitgenössischen Dokumentarkunst. Da jede Form von Dokumentation der Wirklichkeit eine Definition des Realen und den Möglichkeiten diesem zu begegnen, beziehungsweise es zu erfassen, voraussetzt, scheint es unumgänglich den Begriff der « perception » (Wahrnehmung) auf philosophische, aber auch ethnographische und physiologische Definitionen abzuklopfen. Die zeitgenössische Perspektive, die sich dabei abzeichnet, scheint unumschränkt konstruktivistisch, d.h. dass sich Wirklichkeit als Produkt einer gleichberechtigten Kommunikation beschreiben 347 lässt, auch da wo der Mensch ein Objekt wahrnimmt. Beobachter und beobachtete Realität stehen sich nicht, wie es Descartes rationalistisches Konzept der res cogitans und res extensa formuliert, hierarchisch und dichotomisch gegenüber, sondern dialogisieren vielmehr. Für die zeitgenössische Dokumentarkunst ergibt sich daraus einerseits, dass sie Wirklichkeit eher vorsichtig und zweifelnd begegnet und ihr dementsprechend im Rahmen der Kunst offene, fragmentarische und heterogene Formen gibt. Andererseits setzt sie sich mit dem ethischen und ästhetischen Problems des Spiels von oder mit Dokumenten auseinander. Ob und inwieweit die Kunst mit der Realität spielen darf, muss von jedem Dokumentarkünstler neu beantwortet werden. Die Feststellung aber, dass Spielen mit Realität eine ganz eigene, epistemologische und anthropologische Funktion erfüllt, wird anhand der vorliegenden Studie anschaulich.

The aim of this thesis is to introduce, justify, and apply a better framework for analysing Sherlock Holmes, one of the most adapted characters of all time. The project works to resituate the focus of those involved in studying adaptations of Sherlock Holmes from an examination of the discrete transition of a text from page to screen, to the evolution of the character as it changes across various intertexts and through time. The purpose is to show that it is the character specifically, and not the literary text with its narrative, genric, and aesthetic qualifications, that is being adapted, and that with this in mind, studying adaptations of Sherlock Holmes should involve a study of the various processes, pressures, and mechanisms that shape, change, and define the character throughout its hundreds of screen afterlives. This thesis then analyses many of these processes with the aim of contributing to our understanding of how a character like Holmes is moulded through remediation. It takes into account how the character’s indices shift and accumulate as they are variously performed. It also considers how the mechanisms of selection function to privilege certain incarnations of the character, and how that privileging becomes a part of future readings. Finally, it addresses how reception and perception by audiences influence how the character is read, and thus how it is understood. By considering all of these aspects of the evolutionary process, and by avoiding a chronological or even a linear organization of the texts under scrutiny, this work seeks to offer a more complete answer to the question of how a single source can support a multitude of varied, even contradictory adaptations and remain relevant and interesting through the years.

This thesis examines the life and thought of the influential Melbourne organist, teacher and music critic, Arthur Ernest Howard Nickson (1876-1964). Born in Melbourne, Nickson studied in England on the Clarke Scholarship at the Royal College of Music (1895-1899). During his studies in England, Nickson experienced the Catholic revival in the Church of England at its height. On his return to Australia in 1901 Nickson’s activities as a church musician, and later, as a teacher provided the platform for him to articulate views that were formed as a result of these influences. Beginning in 1904, Nickson’s 56-year career as a lecturer at the University Of Melbourne Conservatorium Of Music is important, as every student had to pass through his lectures at some point in their course. As music critic at the Age from 1927, Nickson played a decisive role in shaping public taste at the time of the establishment of the Melbourne Symphony Orchestra under Bernard Heinze, who was also Ormond Professor of Music at the University of Melbourne (1926-57). Nickson’s essays form a distinct group of writings that are probably unique in Australia. The main published essays cover a forty-year period beginning in 1905, and show the development of Nickson’s thinking about the moral basis and spiritual nature of music, his views on the nature of the Church, and his worldview, based on Neoplatonic philosophy, which shaped his thinking about the process of creation. While Nickson’s view of the created order was shaped by Neoplatonic influences, his view of the redemptive function of art was expressed in terms of sacramental theology, and was related very closely to his Anglo-Catholicism. In his essays and lectures Nickson frequently worked with an abstracted concept of ‘Art’, rather than specific art objects. While reference was made to art objects, it is not clear how Nickson defined the term ‘artist’. Nickson’s attention in his discussions of ‘Art’ tended to focus on the artist, rather than the object. This was a result of his world view, which saw art objects as an emanation from the personality of the artist; this necessitated the cultivation of a disposition of mind, which was enabled by the acquisition of mystical intuition. While his description of the fine arts as consisting of architecture, sculpture, painting, poetry and music was in line with older views of art, his views on the artist are difficult to discern, which raises the question of whether Nickson saw himself as an artist. Clearly his vocation was not as a composer, as the discussion of his mass settings in Chapter 3 will demonstrate, while as an organ teacher he was more interested in interpretation than in the mechanics of playing the instrument. This thesis falls into two broad sections. The first three chapters seek to provide an adequate biography of Nickson, which has never previously been done. The fourth chapter examines Nickson’s worldview and the implications this had for his thinking about music, and falls into two parts. The first part follows Nickson’s worldview as it was expressed in his essays, and focuses attention on the concept of art as a process of sign making. The manner in which this sign making is understood is essential to its function, and in Nickson’s writings three understandings emerge: symbol, metaphor and sacrament. The second part of the discussion examines Nickson’s articulation of his worldview in relation to music, which he considered to be the most divine of the arts, drawing on lecture notes, student reminiscences and Nickson’s own. Nickson’s central claim was that art is a sacrament. This can be seen in relation to his faith, where the regular use of the Church’s sacraments was central. This claim is challenged by statements Nickson made about the faith of composers such as Beethoven and Bach. This raises questions about sacramental efficacy when applied to art, and some limitations implicit in viewing art as a sacrament. It will be argued that Nickson conceived of artistic creation as fundamentally a process of sign making. The sign may be regarded as a symbol, metaphor or sacrament, and the process of creating the sign reflects God’s own creative activity in human creative acts. Nickson conceived of human creative action as having a redemptive character, bringing the artist into closer unity with the godhead. This union was the ultimate aim of art, being the act of redemption that paralleled the union brought about by such sacraments as the Eucharist. This term also points to some tensions in Nickson’s worldview, where he expressed a view of the creation of the material world as being both a dynamic, continuing activity of emanation from God, and a single action of the will of God, such as the creation account of Genesis.

This thesis analyses the effect of the personal history of Arthur and Corinne Cantrill, two Australian independent filmmakers, on their style of filmmaking. It analyses their representation of film-form experimentation within national Australian art in a range of independent film works. It reflects on their cultural relation to the general history of independent filmmaking in Australia, America and Europe. It studies the circumstances tat resulted in the appearance of the Cantrills' experimental film and their relation to international art theories and film experimentation. This thesis will examine how the Cantrills' film works, which were often critical of conventional filmmaking styles, and their critical writing, statements and promotion of their independent and experimental film work contributed significantly to theoretical discussion and argument about the physical nature of film within Australia. This examination is explored through asking and answering the central question: The work of Aurtheur and Corinne Cantrell is theoretically drawn from a tradition of European arts and visually drawn from Australian landscape and urban culture; can their work be identified and undertood as Australian art?

Bibliography: p. 313-324. / xii, 324 p., [31] leaves of plates : col. ill. ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, School of Humanities, 2005