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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Tomada de decis?o em grupo e multi-atributos baseada na L?gica fuzzy intuicionista de Atanassov intervalarmente valorada

Silva, Ivanosca Andrade da 20 May 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-01-27T12:26:53Z No. of bitstreams: 1 IvanoscaAndradeDaSilva_TESE.pdf: 841267 bytes, checksum: 867ca6ea3d9afe5c4ff3619961095540 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-01-30T12:47:10Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 IvanoscaAndradeDaSilva_TESE.pdf: 841267 bytes, checksum: 867ca6ea3d9afe5c4ff3619961095540 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-30T12:47:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 IvanoscaAndradeDaSilva_TESE.pdf: 841267 bytes, checksum: 867ca6ea3d9afe5c4ff3619961095540 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-05-20 / L?gica fuzzy surge em 1965 com o trabalho de Lotfi Zadeh que tem por objetivo tratar de forma rigorosa a incerteza inerente na defini??o de no??es e propriedades imprecisas ou vagas presentes em diversas situa??es do cotidiano, como por exemplo, temperatura alta, pendente acentuada, etc. Para isto, Zadeh considerou um grau (um valor no intervalo [0,1]) com que um determinado elemento pertence a um conjunto ou satisfaz uma determinada propriedade. No entanto, algumas cr?ticas a esta teoria foram feitas, principalmente por causa desta teoria lidar com incertezas usando valores exatos, o que motivou a v?rios pesquisadores (entre eles o pr?prio Zadeh) em 1975, e de forma independente, a estender esta teoria relaxando o conjunto onde os graus tomam seus valores. Uma destas extens?es, a l?gica fuzzy intuicionista de Atanassov intervalarmente valorada, proposta em 1989 por Atanassov e Gargov, que usa um par de subintervalos de [0,1], um deles representa o quanto, considerando alguma imprecis?o, se acredita que o elemento satisfaz a propriedade enquanto o outro descreve o quanto se acredita que n?o satisfaz a propriedade. Este par de graus intervalares visam capturar a hesita??o e imprecis?o presente ao momento de se atribuir o grau com que o elemento satisfaz a propriedade. A l?gica fuzzy e suas diversas extens?es, tem sido aplicada com sucesso nas mais variadas ?reas, como por exemplo, medicina, engenharia, agricultura, econ?mia e em administra??o. Em particular, uma das principais aplica??es de l?gica fuzzy em administra??o diz respeito ao apoio na tomada de decis?o. Um problema t?pico de tomada de decis?o consiste em escolher a melhor alternativa entre um conjunto delas ou em ordenar as alternativas de melhor a pior, considerando alguns crit?rios a serem satisfeitos assi como a opini?o de um ou mais especialistas. Os m?todos fuzzy para problemas de tomada de decis?o usam graus fuzzy (ou de suas extens?es) para expressar o quanto uma alternativa satisfaz um determinado atributo ou crit?rio, e alguma forma de agregar a opini?o de todos os especialistas, para chegar no final a uma pontua??o (que pode ser um valor num?rico ou n?o) que permita decidir qual ? a potencialmente melhor alternativa.Nesta tese s?o apresentados avan?os te?ricos significativos na teoria dos conjuntos fuzzy intuicionistas de Atanassov intervalarmente valorados assim como, s?o proposto dois novos m?todos de tomada de decis?o, considerando m?ltiplos atributos (ou crit?rios) e um grupo de especialistas, aplica??o desses m?todos em problemas espec?ficos e ? realizada uma compara??o com resultados obtidos com outros m?todos de tomada de decis?o. Por outro lado, um dos grandes problemas com os m?todos ou processos de tomada de decis?o ? que, quando aplicado em problemas reais, em geral, n?o ? poss?vel determinar a qualidade da solu??o (ordena??o das alternativas) obtida pelo m?todo. De fato, diferentes m?todos de tomada de decis?o para um mesmo problema podem resultar em diferentes solu??es. Nesta tese, se prop?e considerar os resultados obtidos por diferentes m?todos (independente do tipo de extens?o fuzzy usada e tipo de problema de tomada de decis?o) como meras evid?ncias que podem ser usadas por um outro m?todo capaz de determinar uma ordena??o das alternativas que de alguma maneira represente a fus?o ou consenso desses ordenamentos de alternativas. / Fuzzy logic emerged in 1965 with the work of Lotfi Zadeh that aims rigorously deal with the uncertainty inherent in the definition of notions and inaccurate or vague properties in several everyday situations, such as high temperature, sharp drop, etc. For this, Zadeh considered a degree (a value in the range [0,1]) in order to express how much an element belongs to a set, i.e. satisfies a given property. However, some criticism of this theory have been made, mainly because that this theory deal with uncertainties using exact values, which led to several researchers (including himself Zadeh) in 1975 and independently, to extend this theory relaxing the set where the membership degrees take their values. One of these extensions, interval-valued Atanassov?s intuitionistic fuzzy logic, proposed in 1989 by Atanassov and Gargov, uses a pair of subintervals of [0,1], the first represent how much, considering some inaccuracy, it is believed that the element satisfies the property while the second describes how much it is believed that does not satisfy the property. This pair of interval degrees aim to capture the hesitation and inaccuracy present at the time of assigning the degree to which the element satisfies the property. Fuzzy logic and its various extensions, has been successfully applied in various areas, such as: medicine, engineering, agriculture, economics and management. In particular, one of the main applications of fuzzy logic in management concerns with the support to the decision making. A typical decision-making problem is the choice of the best alternative among a set of them or the obtention of a ranking of the alternatives, considering some criteria to be satisfied, as well as the opinion of one or more experts. The fuzzy methods for decision making problems based on decision matrices, use fuzzy degrees (or of their extensions) to express how much an alternative satisfies a particular attribute or criterion. On the other hand, the methods of fuzzy decision making problems based on preference relations, use fuzzy degrees (or of their extensions) to express how much an alternative is preferred to other alternative. In both cases, the opinion of all experts is aggregated to determine only a single decision matrix or preference relation, according be the case, and from them extract a score (which can be a numeric value or not) in order to decide which is the potentially best alternative. In this thesis are presents significant theoretical advances in the theory of intervalvalued Atanassov?s intuitionistic fuzzy sets as well as are proposed two new decisionmaking methods, considering multiple attributes (or criteria) and a group of experts, these methods are applyed on specific problems and made a comparison with the results obtained by others decision-making methods. On the other hand, one of the major problems with the methods or processes of decision-making is that, when applied to real problems, in general, can not determine the quality of the solution (ranking of the alternatives) obtained by the method. In fact, different decision making methods to the same problem may result in different solutions. In this thesis, it is proposed to consider the results obtained by different methods (independent of the fuzzy extension considered and of the type of decision-making problem) as information that can be used by another method capable of determining a ranking of the alternatives representing the fusion or consensus of these rankings.

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