Diss. (sammanfattning) Umeå : Umeå universitet, 2009. / Härtill 4 uppsatser. Även tryckt utgåva.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Linköping : Linköpings universitet, 2007. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1984.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1984.

With the increasing popularity all over the world of Ironman triathlon events, the need to determine the type, timing and number of injuries sustained by these triathletes on race day is evident. Also to determine the optimum medical staffing requirements and knowledge during these events is of importance. The Ironman South Africa 2011 (IMSA) took place on the 10 of April of that year. On that day 1742 triathletes started the event and a total of 1477 where able to complete the entire race distance in the time period allowed, (completion rate of 84.8%). Of those athletes competing, a total of 183 (male 155)(87.4%) and 28 (female)(11.3%) presented to the medical facility for treatment. The mean age of the triathletes presenting was 38.73(SD±9.82) years and the mean time of presentation to the facility was 12.35(SD±2.33) hours after the start of the event. Injury prevalence showed exercise associated collapse (EAC) to be the most common presentation at 44.8%. The medical support and staffing was established to fit the temporal model of injuries sustained by non elite Ironman triathletes. This allowed increasing medical staffing in the latter stages of the race when a greater number of athletes were expected to present for medical assistance.

Schoolboy rugby injuries are a cause for concern in medical and non-medical circles, but few scientific investigations into their nature and frequency have been undertaken. The majority of reported rugby injury surveys are retrospective, have considered only specific injuries, or have reported only those seen at one location. Also, most studies have not distinguished minor injuries from major injuries. A pilot study conducted at one school in Cape Town during the 1982 rugby season, showed clear patterns of injury related to the age of players, their level of competition, playing position, the stage of the rugby season and the phase of play at the time of injury (Nathan et al. 198 3) . The studies as reported in this thesis were designed as a comprehensive follow-up study. The research methods and definition were similar but a much larger sample was studied and new areas not covered by the pilot study were introduced. During two 18-week seasons, in which approximately 4 700 players from 26 high schools played 6766 rugby matches, 905 players were prevented from participating in rugby for at least one week due to injury. The incidence and nature of injuries occurring to these players were followed in a prospective study and results were analysed for: (i) overall number and incidence of injured players; (ii) age-group and playing level; (iii) time of the season; (iv) phase of play; (v) playing position; (vi) type of injury; (vii) anatomical site; (viii) specific diagnoses; (ix) match vs practice injuries; (x) number of days off rugby; and (xi) medical treatment. The use of correspondence as a survey method resulted in 40 to 50% of injuries not being reported over the two-year period of the study. It appeared that the most accurate method of data collection was direct personal contact between the researcher and the injured player.

Background and purpose of research: The number of individuals playing rugby union is increasing every year particularly amongst adolescence at a school level. With the increase in participation an increase in injuries arises. The purpose of this study was to document the lower limb injuries previously sustained in the 2009 rugby season as well as the injuries sustained over a six week period in 2010 and to identify the risk factors associated with these injuries. Method: A prospective cohort design was used. Sixty-five participants from three high schools on the West Rand completed an injury questionnaire and participated in pre-season testing of lower limb muscle length, muscle strength and balance. Lower limb injuries were documented throughout the season. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the data and a univariate analysis was done to determine if there were any associations between various risk factors and sustaining an injury. Results: Six lower limb injuries were documented in 2010. Knee and ankle injuries accounted for 25 out of the 35 (71%) injuries sustained over the 2009 and 2010 rugby seasons. The risk factors for lower limb injuries included good flexibility of the hamstring muscle group and logistic regression also showed an association between a right lower limb injury and right sided muscle strength of the ankle dorsiflexors (p=0.04) and knee extensors (p=0.05). Conclusion: The risk factors associated with these lower limb injuries were good flexibility of the hamstring muscle group as well as right sided quadriceps and tibialis anterior muscle strength.

A Dissertation Submitted to the Department of Physiology, University of the Witwatersrand,Johannesburg for the Degree of Master ot Science / Extensive disruption of muscle fibres has been shown to occur after short term eccentric exercise where high mechanical forces are generated. This study tested whether downhill running acts as a stimulus for inducing eccentric damage, and results in greater muscle damage and deterioration in muscular performance than an equal workload of uphill running. The study aimed at determining whether an adaptation or training effect takes place such that the muscle is more resistant to the damaging effects of a repeated bout of the same exercise. In. addition, the study aimed at determining whether the lower muscle volumes and forces of muscular contractions in females compared to males, makes females less susceptible to the damaging effects of eccentric contraction.(Abbreviation abstract) / Andrew Chakane 2019

In this thesis, adaptations were made on the Hybrid Cadaveric System to accommodate new testing ramifications. The tests simulated dynamic loading (jump landings) from a 1ft. height with various degrees of valgus (fixed hamstring and quadricep forces) and various Quadricep (Q) and Hamstring (H) forces (fixed degrees of valgus) to determine how the Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) and Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL) behave. The tests performed included 0Q 0H, 100Q 0H, 300Q 0H, 300Q 100H, and 5°, 15°, 25° of valgus. To determine the strain behavior of the ACL and MCL a variety of equipment was used, including electromagnetic force plate to take impact reading, cables used to create loading on the quadriceps and hamstrings, and two Differential Variance Resistance Transducers (DVRTs). These ultimately generated ACL and MCL strain allowing for a variety of strain comparisons under various circumstances. It was concluded that in a few cases there were statistically significant differences in strain for the ACL and MCL when applying various quadricep and hamstring forces (fixed valgus). It was also found that only statistical significance was present in ACL strain when comparing degrees of valgus (fixed quadricep and hamstring forces). The research concluded that muscle activation reduces strain on the ACL and MCL in these testing scenarios. It was also established that degrees of valgus effects the ACL but is negligible for the MCL. However, due to complications and variables, further testing is needed to increase accuracy and supply more definitive results. / Includes bibliography. / Thesis (M.S.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2018. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection

Dissertation (Ph.D.)--University of Toledo, 2009. / "In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Biomedical Sciences." Title from title page of PDF document. Bibliography: p. 128-144.