The created learning program is given for students to develop their general practical skills for the use of graphical system AutoCAD 2002. The learning program is given for leraning and teaching using computer. The man van use it anywhere, where is the possibility to work with computer and learn the learning program. There are practical exercises for drawing graphical primitives; hatch and dimension commands; tools for editing graphical objestc it the AutoCAD 2002 learning system. The learning system is divided into different parts by AutoCAD 2002 themes. The requirements: personal computer, Windows 95/98/Me/NT/2000/XP operating system and AutoCAD 2002. The learning system is created using VisualLISP progamming language.

A finalidade deste trabalho é apresentar o desenvolvimento, através da utilização da linguagem de programação AutoLISP, de programa computacional relacionado à etapa de projeto de edifícios em alvenaria. O programa, intitulado ALVPLUS, auxilia nas atividades de modulação das alvenarias, geração automática de elevações e inserção de detalhes relacionados à alvenaria estrutural como disposições construtivas, armaduras, quantitativos de materiais e legendas, dispostos em arquivos eletrônicos do seu banco de dados. Além disso, discute-se os parâmetros associados à implementação da racionalização construtiva, considerando a compatibilização entre o projeto estrutural e os demais projetos (arquitetônico, instalações, entre outros). A utilização deste programa propicia o aumento da produtividade e da padronização dos projetos de alvenarias, assim como o aumento da qualidade e entendimento desses projetos. / This work's purpose is to present the development of software related to the stage of masonry's building design, through the use of the programming language AutoLISP. The software, entitled ALVPLUS, aids in the activities of masonries' modulation, automatic generation of elevations and insertion of details related to the structural masonry as constructive dispositions, armors, materials quantification and legends, available in its database. Besides, it's discussed the parameters associated to the implementation of the constructive rationalization, considering the compatibility between the structural designs and the other projects (architectural, installations, among others). The use of this software propitiates the productivity's increase and the standardization of the masonries' projects, as well as the increase of the quality and understanding of those projects.

AutoCAD sistemos papildymas sukurtas tam, kad būtų lengviau ir paprasčiau dirbti su AutoCAD grafine sistema. Funkcijos sukurtos naudojant AutoLisp ir VisualLISP programavimo kalbas. Sistemos papildymą galima įdiegti į bet kurią AutoCAD versiją. Sukurtas papildymas lankstus naujų funkcijų prijungimui, lengvai eksploatuojamas. Funkcijos suskirstytos į keletą grupių pagal jų formatą. / AutoCAD system complement is created to make more easy working with AutoCAD graphic system. Functions are created using AutoLisp and VisualLISP programming languages. System complement can be implement to whatever release of AutoCAD. Developed complement is flexible for adding new function, maintenance is simple. Functions are divided into some parts by format.

A finalidade deste trabalho é apresentar o desenvolvimento, através da utilização da linguagem de programação AutoLISP, de programa computacional relacionado à etapa de projeto de edifícios em alvenaria. O programa, intitulado ALVPLUS, auxilia nas atividades de modulação das alvenarias, geração automática de elevações e inserção de detalhes relacionados à alvenaria estrutural como disposições construtivas, armaduras, quantitativos de materiais e legendas, dispostos em arquivos eletrônicos do seu banco de dados. Além disso, discute-se os parâmetros associados à implementação da racionalização construtiva, considerando a compatibilização entre o projeto estrutural e os demais projetos (arquitetônico, instalações, entre outros). A utilização deste programa propicia o aumento da produtividade e da padronização dos projetos de alvenarias, assim como o aumento da qualidade e entendimento desses projetos. / This work's purpose is to present the development of software related to the stage of masonry's building design, through the use of the programming language AutoLISP. The software, entitled ALVPLUS, aids in the activities of masonries' modulation, automatic generation of elevations and insertion of details related to the structural masonry as constructive dispositions, armors, materials quantification and legends, available in its database. Besides, it's discussed the parameters associated to the implementation of the constructive rationalization, considering the compatibility between the structural designs and the other projects (architectural, installations, among others). The use of this software propitiates the productivity's increase and the standardization of the masonries' projects, as well as the increase of the quality and understanding of those projects.

STARKA Betongelement AB är ett privatägt företag med fokus på att tillverka prefabricerade betongelement. STARKA jobbar allt från projektering, tillverkning och montering av betongelement. Den process som framförallt studeras är deras projekteringsprocess, här planeras de olika elementen som ska tillverkas samt monteras. För tillverkningen samt montagen framställs ritningar som underlag för detta arbete, dessa ritningar består av detaljritningar. Framställningen av dessa detaljeringar är i dagsläget en tidskrävande process, därav är syftet av arbetet att kunna utveckla en effektivare arbetsmetod som kan både underlätta för konstruktörer samt minska den krävande arbetstiden. Under arbetet följs Design thinking processen som metod vid framtagning av lösningskonceptet. Metoden består av fyra grundläggande faser, med start att skapa förståelse för det problem som antagits. Vidare studeras området kring de problemet, genom olika litteraturstudier, observationer, intervjuer samt olika tester. Efter att ha format en bra grund, skapas olika idéer för hur problemet ska lösas. Slutligen implementeras det slutliga lösningskonceptet på verksamheten samt utvärderas. Resultat består av ett AutoLISP-program som samlar alla nödvändiga funktioner under ett program, för framtagning av detaljritningar till produktionen. De funktioner som förekommer i programmet är följande: måttsättning av detaljer, godsmåttsättning, snittlinje, armeringstext samt hitsymbol. Funktioner och dess specifikationer som används i programmet har identifierats genom intervjuer och observationer med konstruktörerna på STARKA. För montageritningar har två olika lösningar utvecklats, där den första angriper problemet som konstruktörer har vid framtagning av komplicerade detaljer. Detta uppnås genom att utnyttja konstruktionens 3D-modell för att generera de eftersträvade detaljritningar. Den andra lösningen har sitt fokus på att generalisera olika standarddetaljer samt eliminera överflödig information, så som yttermått. Detta skapar i sin tur en bättre förutsättning för fler generella detaljer som kan återanvändas i nya ritningar för att bespara arbetstid. Som slutsats för produktionsritningar, underlättas arbetet genom att programmet samlar alla nödvändiga funktioner. Eftersom funktionerna har sina förinsatta specifikationer, uppstår inget behov att konfigurera de i efterhand och insättningen blir korrekt från första steget. Konstruktörerna har funnit lösningen hjälpsam samt har förenklat deras arbete genom att effektivisera handpåläggning och korta ned arbetstid. Gällande montageritningar, anses användningen av 3D-modeller vara väldigt krävande för datorer, men ett bra hjälpmedel vid komplicerade detaljer. För de vanliga detaljerna underlättar det att kunna använda generaliserade standarddetaljer för att slippa skapa och redigera nya till varje projekt. / STARKA Betongelement AB is a privately owned company with a focus on manufacturing prefabricated concrete elements. STARKA works with everything from design, manufacturing to the assembly of concrete elements. The process that is mainly studied is their design process, here the different elements are planned to be manufactured and assembled. For the manufacture and assembly, drawings are produced as a basis for this work, these drawings consist of detailed drawings. The creation of these details is currently a time-consuming process; hence, this study aims to develop a more efficient working method that can both make it easier for designers and reduce demanding working hours. During the work, the design thinking process is followed as a method when developing the solution. The method consists of four primary phases, starting with understanding the problem that has been given. Furthermore, the area of the problem is studied, through various literature studies, observations, interviews and various tests. After forming a good foundation, different ideas are created to solve the problem. Finally, the final solution is implemented at the company and the implementation was evaluated. Results consist of an AutoLISP-program that consists of all the necessary functions under one program, to create the detailed drawings for production. The functions that appear in the program are as follows: measurement of details, in-cast goods measurement, cut line, reinforcement text and “hitsymbol”. Features and their specifications used in the program have been identified through interviews and observations with the engineers at STARKA. For assembly drawings, two different solutions have been developed, the first of which tackles engineers' problems in creating complicated details. This is achieved by utilizing the construction’s 3D-model to create the desired detailed drawings. The second solution focuses on generalizing different standard parts and eliminating excess information, such as external dimensions. This in turn creates a better prerequisite for more general details that can be reused in new drawings to save working time. s a conclusion for production drawings, the work is facilitated by the program consist of all the necessary functions. Since the features have their pre-inserted specifications, there is no need to configure them afterwards and the insertion becomes correct from the first step. The designers have found the solution helpful and have simplified their work by making “handpåläggning” more efficient and reducing working hours. “Handpåläggning” consist of the functions and methods that the engineers at STARKA use to finalize the drawings. Regarding assembly drawings, the use of 3D-models is considered to be very demanding on computers, but good assistance in complicated details. The standard details make it easier to use standard generalized details to avoid creating and editing new ones for each project.

The increased demands for customization in manufacturing industries require new automation methods. This thesis presents the development of such a method for a cutting procedure of customized mesh trays at WIBE Group. The work aimed to automatically generate robot targets from data extracted from Autodesk AutoCAD and demonstrate the concept in ABB RobotStudio. A literature review was conducted to find an appropriate method for data extraction and conversion into robot targets. This resulted in an approach where data for the cut positions was collected by scripts created with AutoCAD’s inbuilt programming language AutoLISP. The data was then exported to a text file that could be read by the robot in the RobotStudio simulation model. By offsetting a pre-set robot target with the imported data, new robot targets for each cut were created. The developed method was tested for different types of mesh trays and cut positions. The conclusion is that the method is fully working and that the concept is user-friendly, but some improvements are needed before the concept is ready to be put into operation. For example, further measures are needed to ensure that the correct data is collected from AutoCAD and that the concept gets easier to troubleshoot. Furthermore, development work is also needed for aspects outside the purpose of this thesis, such as the robot cell layout and design of the robot tool.

Η διπλωματική αυτή εργασία εκπονήθηκε με σκοπό την δημιουργία ενός προγράμματος για τη διαχείριση του δικτύου Δομημένης Καλωδίωσης. Μέσω της εφαρμογής αυτής, δίνεται η δυνατότητα στον χρήστη να έχει μία πλήρη εικόνα της εγκατεστημένης δομημένης καλωδίωσης του κτηρίου και να μπορεί να παρέμβει άμεσα και αποτελεσματικά σε κάθε περίπτωση τροποποίησης ή δυσλειτουργίας. Το πρόγραμμα υλοποιήθηκε στη γλώσσα προγραμματισμού AutoLISP, που λειτουργεί μέσα από την πλατφόρμα του σχεδιαστικού προγράμματος AutoCAD. Χρησιμοποιήθηκαν τα σχέδια των ορόφων του κτηρίου των Ηλεκτρολόγων Μηχανικών του Πανεπιστημίου Πατρών, όπου, στα πλαίσια της επίτευξης του στόχου, σχεδιάστηκε το σύστημα δομημένης καλωδίωσης. Στην εργασία αυτή, παρουσιάζονται τα βασικά στοιχεία ενός συστήματος δομημένης καλωδίωσης, καθώς και τα εργαλεία υλοποίησης του προγράμματος όπως το σχεδιαστικό πρόγραμμα AutoCAD, η γλώσσα προγραμματισμού AutoLISP, και η γλώσσα σήμανσης Dialog Control Language (DCL). Αρχικά, παρουσιάζεται η διαδικασία σχεδίασης του συστήματος δομημένης καλωδίωσης στο AutoCAD. Μετέπειτα, δίδεται μια περιγραφή του προγράμματος και των λειτουργιών του, και ο πηγαίος κώδικας που αναπτύχθηκε, σε συνδυασμό με λογικά διαγράμματα για την καλύτερη κατανόηση του. Στο παράρτημα, αναλύονται τα υποπρογράμματα που σχεδιάστηκαν για να προσφέρουν επιπλέον δυνατότητες, και το εγχειρίδιο χρήσης της εφαρμογής. / The aim of this thesis is to create an application software for the management of a Structured Cabling System (SCS). Through this application, the user is able to have a complete picture of the installed structured cabling network of the building and be able to intervene quickly and effectively in any case of modification or malfunction. The program was implemented using the programming language AutoLISP, which operates through the CAD software platform of AutoCAD. The architectural floor plans used were those of the building of Electrical Engineering Department, at the University of Patras, where, in the context of achieving the target, the structured cabling system was designed. This thesis presents the basic elements of a structured cabling system, and the tools for implementing the program, i.e. the CAD program AutoCAD, the programming language AutoLISP, and the markup language Dialog Control Language (DCL). The design process of the structured cabling system in AutoCAD is presented initially. Thereafter, a description of the program and its features are presented, as well as the source code that was developed, in conjunction with logic diagrams for clarity. In the Annexes, the subroutines designed to offer additional features are analyzed and the manual of the application is included.

Dokumentation i form av tekniska ritningar och kretsscheman av olika slag är en viktig del av de flesta projekt. Många företag använder sig av olika CAD-program så som AutoCAD för att ta fram och bearbeta ritningar och kretsscheman. Ritningar brukar byggas upp av blockelement som innehåller attribut. Attribut är yttre beskrivande information av blocket, exempelvis fotnoter eller annan text av något slag. Det är inte ovanligt att en installation omfattar flera hundra tekniska ritningar, vilket medför att arbete med attribut kan vara mycket tidskrävande. Användaren måste gå in i varje ritning markera önskade attribut och utföra ändringar.  Företaget AFRY har uttryckt behovet av att automatisera en del av denna process till vilket detta examensarbete förfogas. Genom att författa script i programmet AutoLISP extraheras önskade blockinformationen ur varje ritning och sparas till en textfil i formatet tsv. Med hjälp av Microsofts Visual Basic for Applications utvecklas ett användarvänligt gränssnitt i Microsoft Excel.  Programmet avses för att importera stora mängder tsv filer innehållande data för redigering. Data kan redigeras på ett tidseffektivt sätt för att senare exporteras tillbaka till sitt ursprungliga textfilsformat. När färdigredigerade textfiler lämnar Excel återstår återinförande av integrerad blockinformation till ritningarna. Detta möjliggörs av ett annat program i AutoLISP som baseras på AutoCADs egna ATTIN funktion.  Efter utfört projekt kan det konstateras att verktyget som utvecklades automatiserar en del av redigeringsarbetet med tekniska ritningar. Detta i sin tur kan medföra tidseffektivisering, minskad risk för mänskliga fel och beroendet av tredjeparts mjukvaror vid processen. Givetvis finns det utrymme för vidare utveckling av verktyget i framtiden, förslagsvis utökad funktionalitet hos gränssnittet i Excel och en robust metod för batchning i AutoCAD. / On everyday basis engineering companies work with technical drawings and diagrams. To create and work with these drawings it is common to use software such as AutoCAD. Drawings in AutoCAD are built up with blocks, these blocks can often contain external information stored as attributes. A project can contain up to several hundred drawings. In that case the process of searching for blocks to change specific attributes can be very time consuming and increase risk of human error. The engineering company AFRY has expressed an interest in partial automation of this process. Following thesis aims to present a possible solution. By writing scripts in AutoLISP, desired block information can be extracted to tsv text files. These text files can be imported to a user-friendly interface in Microsoft Excel. The interface is developed in Microsoft's Visual Basic for Applications. Data imported in the interface can be filtered so that the editing can be done in a time efficient manner. After finished editing the data is once again organized into tsv text files for a further integration to the CAD drawings. That is made possible by a AutoLISP script based on the ATTIN function. The thesis aims to discuss how this presented method would lead to a partial automation in the editing of AutoCAD drawings. A process that could possibly reduce risk of error, increase time efficiency as well as decrease dependency of third-party software. The discussion also presents some thoughts for further development of the program where, increased amount functions in Excel and a possible method for batching in AutoCAD could be added in the future.