Includes bibliographical references / The development of subjecting government procurement awards to judicial review is a relatively recent development in South African law. It accords with a similar development in the United States, as well as South Africa's own constitutional requirements of transparency and public accountability. Given the often lucrative nature of public contracts, challenges to the lawfulness of government procurement awards have become a regular occurrence in South Africa. However, the setting aside of such an award does not automatically follow upon a finding of unlawfulness. For a number of reasons, a court may decline to set aside an unlawful government procurement award. This raises a number of interesting questions, particularly with regard to how such a decision may be reconciled with, and the implications this may have for, the principle of legality and the Rule of Law. This dissertation will address these issues, arguing that, ultimately, the concerns are resolved by appreciating the nature of the principle of legality, and the Rule of Law's place as a value in society.

This research attempts to identify factors which may influence instrumentality beliefs in a merit pay environment. Specifically, the purpose was to investigate the relationship of: (1) of perceived performance appraisal accuracy, merit increase satisfaction, trust in top management, and trust in supervisor to instrumentality beliefs, (2) of performance appraisals, deviations between self and supervisor ratings of performance, and trust in supervisor to perceived performance appraisal accuracy, and (3) merit pay increases and perceived relative size of merit pay increase to merit increase satisfaction. The research site for this study was a large transit authority on the West Coast. Results of this study of 1,260 managerial, professional, and clerical employees suggest that individuals are more likely to believe that pay is tied to performance if they are satisfied with their merit pay increase and they trust top management. Findings also suggest that for individuals who receive a lower than expected performance appraisal, higher levels of perceived performance appraisal accuracy are likely to be associated with stronger beliefs that pay is tied to performance. Findings further suggest that individuals are more likely to perceive their performance appraisal to be accurate if the supervisor rating of performance is consistent with their self-rating of performance and they trust their supervisor. Also, the higher the performance appraisal, the more likely an individual is to perceive it to be accurate. Finally, individuals are more likely to be satisfied with their merit pay increase if they perceive it to be large relative to the average pay increase. In addition, the larger the merit pay increase, the more likely an individual is to be satisfied with it. Study findings in total suggest that a large number of employees are likely to believe that pay is not tied to performance. To the extent successful merit pay programs require strong beliefs that pay is tied to performance, findings cast doubt about the ability of merit pay to elicit improved job performance. Implications for compensation practice are discussed and suggestions for future research are presented. / Ph. D.

Yes / This chapter explores the issue of the enforcement of annulled awards under the regime of the Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards, New York 1958 (New York Convention) through an analysis of recent decisions from the courts of the United States, England and France, to suggest the attitude courts in African States should adopt when required to enforce an annulled award. These three jurisdictions have robustly engaged with this question and their courts have proffered different reasons for the positions they take on the issue, which may be instructive to the courts in Africa. The issue is set out in 14.01; and the theoretical and practical effects of annulled awards are briefly discussed in 14.02. The approach adopted by the English courts is briefly examined in 14.03; the US courts in 14.04; and the French courts in 14.05; and a conclusion.

Yes / A party to arbitration has the right to challenge an award if the party so chooses. A challenge may seek to vacate (annul or set aside), suspend, or remit the award to the arbitrator due to an error on the face of the award or due to an injustice in its rendering. The scheme for challenging an award is a vital aspect of the arbitration process and serves as a safeguard against corruption, arbitrariness, and bias, while also providing a mechanism for balancing the arbitral process. What is more critical in the annulment scheme, however, is the courts’ attitude toward a challenge to an award.This article discussesthe policy issuesthat English courts weigh when considering whether to annul an award. Additionally, it examines the question of annulment of awards on legal grounds, using English case law to indicate the approach Nigerian courts may take when asked to annul an award on the basis that the arbitrator’s ruling on a legal point is clearly erroneous. It contends and concludes that Nigerian courts’ pragmatic attitude to annulment claims based on arbitrator’s misconduct and/or improper ordering of arbitral procedures or awards will increase the efficacy of international arbitration in Nigeria, just as it does in England.

Theoretically, advertising has been regarded as a marketing communication; that is, advertising is subsumed under marketing. However, this thesis deconstructs the existing theories and argues that advertising historically was not a marketing tool due to practical conflicts within the British advertising industry. Field work was conducted by means of interviews in addition to document research of publications by practitioners. After the Second World War, marketing people in Britain adopted the modern marketing concepts from the US where marketing and advertising people used the same principles and practice of advertising. The thesis traces back to fundamental concepts in social sciences such as economics, sociology and psychology that marketing and advertising people applied to their disciplines. Then, relevant historical backgrounds including the history of advertising agencies, market research and account planning are explored. They indicate that advertising was not part of marketing communications but rather located between marketing and communications. The application of various social sciences and the historical backgrounds govern British agency people's practice of advertising research during the 1960s and 1970s. They used research to explain advertising effectiveness in terms of both communication and sales. However, they found some disagreements between their concepts and that of marketing people in their client companies. They felt more frustrated when clients and research companies used scientific principles and practice in measuring advertising effectiveness. The 1960s and 1970s events led to the origin of the IPA (Institute of Practitioners in Advertising) Awards in 1980. The IPA Awards were in fact the consequence of the past as they tried to maintain their stance of developing advertising effectiveness theories as opposed to those of clients and research companies for two decades. However, as the Awards grew and became one of the most recognised award schemes in the industry, they were used by agency people as a tool to increase their agencies' reputation rather than a demonstration of advertising effectiveness.

"July 2005" / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 305-327) / xi, 327 leaves : ill. (some col.), maps ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, School of Architecture, Landscape Architecture and Urban Design and Centre for Asian and Middle Eastern Architecture, 2005

Substantive Review of Arbitral Awards in International Commercial Arbitration Arbitration is a form of alternative dispute resolution, which enables the parties to resolve their dispute outside the courts. The advantage of arbitration is especially its speed and effectiveness in resolving the dispute. In general, arbitration awards in international commercial arbitration are final and binding on both parties and cannot be challenged by any form of appeal. This master thesis aims to find the answer to the question under which circumstances the parties to the arbitration proceedings may reach a substantive review of arbitral awards. The first part of the master thesis (chapters 2, 3 and 4) examines the approach of the UNCITRAL Model Law, the New York Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards and the European Convention on International Commercial Arbitration to the substantive review of arbitral awards. The second part of the master thesis (chapters 5 and 6) deals with the legal framework for arbitration proceedings in the Czech Republic, Germany, Australia and the United Kingdom, with respect to the substantive review of arbitral awards. Using comparative method, the author compares the regulation of the arbitration proceedings in the selected jurisdictions. The last...

I denna rapport kommer vi att beskriva vår process för att utveckla ett spelprojekt som vårt examensarbete genom att vara med och tävla i Sveriges största spelutvecklartävling för studenter, Swedish Game Awards. Spelet handlar om personen Kurt, som har bestämt sig för att ge sig ut för att rädda efter sin kidnappade hund.   I denna rapport förklarar vi hur vi gick tillväga när vi fortsatte utvecklingen av ett spel samt vilka verktyg och metoder vi använde för att fullborda uppgiften, både genom de krav som ställdes från Swedish Game Awards och de krav vi bestämde själva. Vi beskriver de motgångar vi hade och hur vi lyckades lösa problemen. Slutligen kommer vi även redovisa vårt resultat och diskutera kring utvecklingen av spelet, samt dess utvecklingspotential för framtiden. / In this report we are going to describe the development process of our game that we have as our thesis. To be able to have this project as our thesis, we had to enter our game in the game development competition called “Swedish Game Awards”. This competition is only for students, giving them a place to present their game projects. The game is about a guy named Kurt, who decides to go and rescue his kidnapped dog.   We will explain how we went about developing the game and about the different tools and methods we used to complete the project. Both in terms of the demands that is needed to send our project as an entry to the Swedish Game Awards, and in terms of the requirements we decided on by ourselves. We will describe the adversity we had in our project and how we went about solving them. Finally we will also present and discuss our results from the development of the game, and its future potential for further development.

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Quality awards are formal award programs that have been established to recognize organizations (or sub-units thereof) for achieving excellence in quality and productivity. The criteria of these awards require a systematic and comprehensive program that is mature either from time or results. These awards are issued on a regular, typically annual, basis. The administrators of the awards can range from individual companies to state governments to the federal government. Recipients of these awards can be organizations or sub-units of organizations. Further, the recipients could involve specific projects and programs. The recipients are ultimately defined by the specific award process. This thesis describes the quality award program in the State of Virginia. Overall, this thesis is a formative evaluation of the U.S. Senate Productivity and Quality Award for Virginia. This research reviews the processes used in determining winners for this award. Recommendations are made to improve the application evaluation and feedback processes, in particular. The thesis describes the types of key performance indicators that organizations report in their applications. A set of common key performance indicators were collected to form a type of measurement system to assess the “health” of organizations in the State of Virginia. The purpose of this measurement system is to provide benchmarks to other organizations in the state. As a final output, this research compares the key performance indicators reported in applications to two measurement frameworks provided in the literature. / Master of Science