No description available.

No description available.

In 2011 was conducted experimental plantings on land ZF Mendelu in the Lednice for determining the relative resistance of selected varieties of apricots, and to determine the potential substances to enhance resistance to P. syringae pv. syringae. The varieties were inoculated with strains FN3, Lmg1247 and CCM4073. In 2013 and 2014 were observed selected symptoms on plants, which was determined the level of relative resistance of each variety. As resistant varieties were determined 'Kuresia', 'Orangered', 'Bergeval' and 'Bergarouge'. As moderately susceptible varieties were determined 'Tardicot', 'Leskora', 'Aurora', 'Harogem', 'Pinkcot' and 'Sylvercot' on rootstock 'Waxva'. As susceptible varieties were determined 'Goldrich', 'Kioto', 'Bergeron' and 'Sylvercot' on rootstock 'Rubira'.

Malfunctions, lesions and diseases on uncommon fruit trees was observed in the ŠZP Žabčice from April to October 2013. As the most important bacterial disease has been detected fire blight of the quince. Several sea-buckthorns died from multifactorial causes. There was incidence of powdery mildew and brown leaf spot on the Amelanchier, varieties of the A. alnifolia were more affected by leaf spot, while the varieties of the A. lamarckii had a significantly higher incidence of powdery mildew. On the rowan there was recorded scab and viral infection on the few trees. The minimum symptoms of diseases occurred on the dogwood, mulberry and rose. No symptoms of diseases were observed on medlar, but it was affected by chlorosis. Principles for the protection is correct agrotechnik and regular removal of infected and damaged parts of the trees. Chemical protection is needed for a quince and a juneberry. Keywords: dogwood, rowan, quince, medlar, mulberry, juneberry (Amelanchier), sea-buckthorn, Rosa villosa, fire blight, powdery mildew.

This thesis consists of seven published papers on free-living amoebae (FLA), members of Amoebozoa, Excavata: Heterolobosea, and Cercozoa, and covers three main topics: (i) FLA as potential fish pathogens, (ii) diversity and phylogeography of FLA, and (iii) FLA as hosts of prokaryotic organisms. Diverse methodological approaches were used including culture-dependent techniques for isolation and identification of free-living amoebae, molecular phylogenetics, fluorescent in situ hybridization, and transmission electron microscopy.

Angl. resumé

This diploma thesis focuses on the optimization of bacterial cellulose production by Komagateibacter xylinus DSM 46604. The theoretical part of this thesis describes the properties of bacterial cellulose, its production and application possibilities. The experimental part aimed to assess the effect of different cultivation conditions on the production yields of bacterial cellulose. The effects of several cultivation strategies have been studied such as: (1) effect of acetate buffer used as a medium, (2) impact of oil added into the medium, (3) fed-batch cultivation, (4) variation of the volume of cultivation vessel and cultivation media and (5) aeration. In addition to the production of relatively thin samples, up to 100 µm was synthesized unique 3D structured bacterial cellulose in the form of cylinders, with a height up to 2 cm. The growth of bacterial cellulose in the form of cylinders was achieved by dynamically cultivating K. xylinus in combination with fed-batch approach.

This master thesis deals with analysis of structural variation of genome and with methods of its sequencing across all generations. Subsequently it contains a description of copy number variation and methods of its detection. The experimental part focuses on algorithm proposal for CNV detection according analysis and testing of uneven coverage in genome, variable representation of GC content and distance of sequence reads. Finally, the algorithm for detecting copy number variation is tested on genomic data of bacteria Klebsiella pneumoniae.

This diploma thesis deals with identification of bacteria which are capable of producing polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs). Work included testing variety of genera including Pseudomonas, Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, thermophilic cultures and samples gathered from natural sources. Bacteria were investigated by molecular technique polymerase chain reaction – PCR. An amplification of the PHA synthase gene (phaC) was analyzed. In the first reaction phaC and 16S rRNA genes were tested at the same time. 16S rRNA gene is used as control for bacterial DNA and as an identification tool for natural source samples. This multiplex PCR used multiple primers in PCR mix. Second reaction search for amplicon specific for catalysing biosynthesis mcl-PHA (phaC1). The presence of the PHA synthase gene was verified in 11 samples which were Bifidobacterium breve CCM 7825T, Lactobacillus rhamnosus CCM 1825T, Lactobacillus zeae CCM 7069T, Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus CCM 7190T, Lactobacillus plantarum CCM 7039T, Pseudomonas gessardii, Pseudomonas fulva, Arthrobacter protophormiae, Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens, Mycobacterium neoaurum and Staphylococcus lentus.

The work deals with the research of the influence of Free N bacterial preparations (contains selected strains of Azotobacter chroococcum) and Free PK (contains selected strains of Bacillus mulaginosus) and their combinations (Free N + Free PK) on the yield of apples during their intensive cultivation in the orchard. The research took place in 2018 in Agrosad Velké Bílovice on the cultivar 'Super chief', grown in medium-heavy soil and grown-up five-year-old trees. The following indicators were examined: the effect on the amount of five minerals in the fruit (nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium, potassium and magnesium). Comparison with the Control showed that bacterial preparations had no effect on increasing the amount of all five substances studied in fruit. Similarly, it was at examining the amount of titratable acids in fruit, the amount of soluble solids, the amount of vitamin C in the fruit, the strength of the fruit peel, and the antioxidant capacity of the peel and pulp of the fruit. Only with the antioxidant capacity of the fruit peel, Free N exceeded the Control, but the comparison was statistically inconclusive. Further indicators were investigated: the effect of bacterial preparations on average apple weight in t/ha, also on apples below and above 70 mm, on average weight of apples in (g) and number of apples on trees. The check was always on the second, third and last place in the impact indicators. The effect of microbial agents (Free N, Free PK, and their combination) was slightly higher than Control. However, the differences were statistically inconclusive.