Submitted by PPG Pediatria e Sa?de da Crian?a (pediatria-pg@pucrs.br) on 2018-05-21T13:44:05Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o Rosirene DallAgnese p?s-banca.pdf: 1579820 bytes, checksum: 8b18b2dd28fd5e5160df51c8f463aef9 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2018-06-06T17:55:06Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o Rosirene DallAgnese p?s-banca.pdf: 1579820 bytes, checksum: 8b18b2dd28fd5e5160df51c8f463aef9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-06T17:58:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o Rosirene DallAgnese p?s-banca.pdf: 1579820 bytes, checksum: 8b18b2dd28fd5e5160df51c8f463aef9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-10-31 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Introduction: Respiratory diseases in pediatrics are important causes of hospitalization in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) and, not withstanding, to the need for mechanical ventilation. The use of mechanical ventilation and continuous sedation associated with the administration of fluids, which severe patients need for initial hemodynamic stabilization, often result in a cumulative positive fluid balance. This hydric overload is associated with worse outcomes. Among the alternatives for the hydric balance to be optimized, the establishment of the prone position is found as such. Objectives: To verify if the prone position in pediatric patients submitted to mechanical ventilation increases diuresis with optimization in the hydric balance as well as to verify if this improvement has repercussions in days of mechanical ventilation and hospitalization in PICUs. Methods: Retrospective cohort through review of medical records. It was selected patients who were submitted to ventilation for pulmonary causes and aged from 1 month old to 12 years old. The prone group (PG) was the one in which the patients were submitted to the prone position at some point of the study. The control group (CG) was the one in which the patients met the inclusion criteria but were not undergone prone position. The collected data included demographic data, Pediatric Index of Mortality (PIM 2), hydric balance, diuresis, use of diuretics and vasoactive drug index, mechanical ventilation duration, prone position duration, relationship between prone and mechanical ventilation duration, besides duration of hospital stay (PICU and hospital). Mann-Whitney and Chi-Square tests were used to compare the PG and CG groups. For the longitudinal analysis, repeated measures of ANOVA were used, using BH (ml/kg/day), diuresis (ml/kg/h) and the amount of furosemide (mg/kg/day) during a period classified as D1 to D4 (D1 being the first day of mechanical ventilation in the CG and the day immediately before prone in the PG). The main outcome was the increase of diuresis and the improvement of hydric balance in pronated patients. The secondary outcome was the decrease of duration of mechanical ventilation and hospitalization in the PICU and in the hospital. Results: 84 patients were included and, after some losses, 77 (PG=37 and CG=40) remained. Regarding age, sex, pathologies, index of mortality, death, use of vasoactive drugs and occurrence of intercurrences, the groups were similar. There was no significant improvement of diuresis, hydric balance, mechanical ventilation and hospitalization duration in the PICU. Regarding the use of diuretics, there was greater use of furosemide (P<0.001) and spironolactone (P=0.04) in the PG. When performed a longitudinal analysis of repeated measures of D1 to D4, it was shown that both PG and CG had improved diuresis and hydric balance, with a more significant improvement from D1 to D2 in the PG (P=0.034). However, when verifying this improvement, it was noticed that it was also related to the use of diuretics. Conclusion: Throughout the analysed days of mechanical ventilation (D1 to D4), there was improvement of both diuresis and hydric balance of patients in both groups, without showing, however, superiority of the prone group in relation to the control group. / Introdu??o: Doen?as respirat?rias em pediatria s?o importantes causas de interna??o em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Pedi?trica (UTIP) e, n?o raro, levam a necessidade de ventila??o mec?nica. O uso de ventila??o mec?nica e de seda??o cont?nua associados ? administra??o de fluidos que o paciente grave necessita para a sua estabiliza??o hemodin?mica inicial, frequentemente ocasionam balan?o h?drico positivo cumulativo. Essa sobrecarga h?drica est? associada a piores desfechos. Entre as alternativas para que o balan?o h?drico seja otimizado, encontra-se, entre outras, a instaura??o da posi??o prona. Objetivos: Verificar se a posi??o prona em pacientes pedi?tricos submetidos a ventila??o mec?nica aumenta a diurese com otimiza??o no balan?o h?drico, bem como aferir se essa melhora repercute em dias de ventila??o mec?nica e de interna??o em UTIP. M?todos: coorte retrospectiva atrav?s de revis?o de prontu?rios. Foram selecionados os pacientes, submetidos a ventila??o por causa pulmonar, com idade entre 1 m?s e 12 anos. O grupo prona (GP) foi aquele em que os pacientes foram submetidos a posi??o prona em algum momento do estudo. O grupo controle (GC) foi aquele em que os pacientes preencheram os crit?rios de inclus?o, mas que n?o foram submetidos a posi??o prona. Os dados coletados inclu?ram dados demogr?ficos, escore de mortalidade (PIM 2), balan?o h?drico, diurese, uso de diur?ticos e ?ndice de drogas vasoativas, tempo de ventila??o mec?nica, tempo de posi??o prona, rela??o entre o tempo de prona e ventila??o mec?nica, al?m do tempo de interna??o (UTIP e no hospital). Para a compara??o entre os grupos GP e GC foram utilizados os testes de Mann-Whitney e do Qui-Quadrado. Para a an?lise longitudinal optou-se por ANOVA de medidas repetidas, utilizando o BH (ml/kg/dia), a diurese (ml/kg/h) e a quantidade de furosemida(mg/kg/dia) durante um per?odo classificado de D1 a D4 (sendo D1 o primeiro dia de ventila??o mec?nica no GC e o dia imediatamente anterior ? prona no GP). O desfecho principal foi o aumento da diurese e melhora do balan?o h?drico nos pacientes pronados. O desfecho secund?rio foi a diminui??o no tempo de ventila??o mec?nica e de interna??o em UTIP e no hospital. Resultados: foram inclu?dos 84 pacientes e, ap?s as perdas, permaneceram 77 (GP=37 e GC= 40). Em termos de idade, sexo, patologias, escores de mortalidade, ?bito, uso de drogas vasoativas e ocorr?ncia de intercorr?ncias os grupos foram semelhantes. Atrav?s de compara??o entre os grupos n?o houve melhora significativa na diurese, balan?o h?drico, tempo de ventila??o mec?nica e de interna??o em UTIP. Com rela??o ao uso de diur?ticos, houve maior uso de furosemida (P<0,001) e de espironolactona (P=0,04) no GP. Quando realizada an?lise longitudinal de medidas repetidas de D1 a D4, evidenciou-se que tanto o GP quanto o GC tiveram melhora da diurese e do balan?o h?drico, com melhora mais significativa de D1 para D2 no GP (P=0,034). No entanto, ao se verificar essa melhora, percebeu-se que ela tamb?m estava relacionada ao uso de diur?ticos. Conclus?o: Ao longo dos dias de ventila??o mec?nica estudados (D1 a D4), houve melhora tanto na diurese quanto no balan?o h?drico dos pacientes de ambos os grupos, sem evidenciar-se, no entanto, superioridade do grupo prona em rela??o ao controle.