A detailed reactor core modeling of the LOVIISA-2 PWR and FORSMARK-3BWR was performed in the Serpent 2 Continuous Energy Monte-Carlocode.Both models of the reactors were completed but the approximations ofthe atomic densities of nuclides present in the core differedsignificantly.In the LOVIISA-2 PWR, the predicted atomic density for the nuclidesapproximated by Chebyshev Rational Approximation method (CRAM)coincided with the corrected atomic density simulated by the Serpent2 program. In the case of FORSMARK-3 BWR, the atomic density fromCRAM poorly approximated the data returned by the simulation inSerpent 2. Due to boiling of the moderator in the core of FORSMARK-3,the model seemed to encounter problems of fission density, whichyielded unusable results.The results based on the models of the reactor cores are significantto the FANCSEE Nuclear fuel cycle simulator, which will be used as adataset for the nuclear fuel cycle burnup in the reactors. / FANCSEE

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / Patrick Bateman, o protagonista narrador do romance American Psycho (1991), de Bret Easton Ellis, confunde por ser rico, bonito e educado e, ao mesmo tempo, torturador, assassino e canibal. Mas esta personalidade antagônica não o torna singular. O que o particulariza são as quatro faces que ele apresenta ao longo de sua narrativa: (1) ele consome mercadorias e humanos, (2) compete para ter reconhecimento, (3) provoca horror por suas ações, e (4) não é um narrador confiável. Sendo um yuppie (termo popular usado nos Estados Unidos na década de 1980 para denominar jovens e bem sucedidos profissionais urbanos), Bateman é materialista e hedonista. Ele está imerso em uma sociedade de consumo, fato que o impossibilita de perceber diferenças entre produtos e pessoas. Sendo um narcisista, ele se torna um competidor em busca de admiração. No entanto, Bateman também é um serial killer e suas descrições detalhadas de torturas e assassinatos horrorizam. Por fim, nós leitores duvidamos de sua narrativa ao notarmos inconsistências e ambiguidades. Zygmunt Bauman (2009) afirma que uma sociedade extremamente capitalista transforma tudo que nela existe em algo consumível. Christopher Lasch (1991) afirma que o lendário Narciso deu lugar a um novo, controverso, dependente e menos confiante. A maioria das vítimas de Bateman são membros de grupos socialmente marginalizados, como mendigos, homossexuais, imigrantes e prostitutas, o que o torna uma identidade predatória, segundo Arjun Appadurai (2006). A voz autodiegética e a narrativa incongruente do protagonista, contudo, impedem que confiemos em suas palavras. Estas são as quatro faces que pretendo apresentar deste serial killer / The autodiegetic protagonist Patrick Bateman, in Bret Easton Elliss American Psycho (1991), is a troubling character, for he is highly-educated, wealthy and handsome as well as a torturer, a killer and a cannibal. This antagonistic behavior, nonetheless, does not make him a singular character. The four sides he presents throughout the novel are singular, though: (1) he consumes humans and commodities equally; (2) he competes for recognition and admiration; (3) his acts are horrific; and (4) his narration is unreliable. As a yuppie (a popular term from the 1980s used to define young urban U.S. professionals), Bateman is materialistic and hedonistic. As he lives off the excesses of a consumer society, he is incapable of distinguishing people from products. As a self-absorbed, narcissistic protagonist, he becomes a competitor struggling to get approval from his peers. Nevertheless, Bateman is a serial killer, and his detailed descriptions of tortures and murders are horrifying. Finally, we readers cannot rely on his narrative once we notice ambiguities and divergences. Zygmunt Bauman (2009) posits that an extremely capitalist society forces people to be commodified. Christopher Lasch (1991) asseverates that the old legendary Narcissus gave birth to a new one, paradoxical, dependent and less confident. Most of Batemans victims are socially-marginalized characters, members of minority groups, such as homeless people, homosexuals, immigrants, and prostitutes. As a matter of fact, Bateman may be regarded as having a predatory identity, as defined by Arjun Appadurai (2006). However, this autodiegetic narrator, together with his inconsistent narrative, cannot be entirely trusted. These are the points I want to debate regarding this fourfold serial killer

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / Patrick Bateman, o protagonista narrador do romance American Psycho (1991), de Bret Easton Ellis, confunde por ser rico, bonito e educado e, ao mesmo tempo, torturador, assassino e canibal. Mas esta personalidade antagônica não o torna singular. O que o particulariza são as quatro faces que ele apresenta ao longo de sua narrativa: (1) ele consome mercadorias e humanos, (2) compete para ter reconhecimento, (3) provoca horror por suas ações, e (4) não é um narrador confiável. Sendo um yuppie (termo popular usado nos Estados Unidos na década de 1980 para denominar jovens e bem sucedidos profissionais urbanos), Bateman é materialista e hedonista. Ele está imerso em uma sociedade de consumo, fato que o impossibilita de perceber diferenças entre produtos e pessoas. Sendo um narcisista, ele se torna um competidor em busca de admiração. No entanto, Bateman também é um serial killer e suas descrições detalhadas de torturas e assassinatos horrorizam. Por fim, nós leitores duvidamos de sua narrativa ao notarmos inconsistências e ambiguidades. Zygmunt Bauman (2009) afirma que uma sociedade extremamente capitalista transforma tudo que nela existe em algo consumível. Christopher Lasch (1991) afirma que o lendário Narciso deu lugar a um novo, controverso, dependente e menos confiante. A maioria das vítimas de Bateman são membros de grupos socialmente marginalizados, como mendigos, homossexuais, imigrantes e prostitutas, o que o torna uma identidade predatória, segundo Arjun Appadurai (2006). A voz autodiegética e a narrativa incongruente do protagonista, contudo, impedem que confiemos em suas palavras. Estas são as quatro faces que pretendo apresentar deste serial killer / The autodiegetic protagonist Patrick Bateman, in Bret Easton Elliss American Psycho (1991), is a troubling character, for he is highly-educated, wealthy and handsome as well as a torturer, a killer and a cannibal. This antagonistic behavior, nonetheless, does not make him a singular character. The four sides he presents throughout the novel are singular, though: (1) he consumes humans and commodities equally; (2) he competes for recognition and admiration; (3) his acts are horrific; and (4) his narration is unreliable. As a yuppie (a popular term from the 1980s used to define young urban U.S. professionals), Bateman is materialistic and hedonistic. As he lives off the excesses of a consumer society, he is incapable of distinguishing people from products. As a self-absorbed, narcissistic protagonist, he becomes a competitor struggling to get approval from his peers. Nevertheless, Bateman is a serial killer, and his detailed descriptions of tortures and murders are horrifying. Finally, we readers cannot rely on his narrative once we notice ambiguities and divergences. Zygmunt Bauman (2009) posits that an extremely capitalist society forces people to be commodified. Christopher Lasch (1991) asseverates that the old legendary Narcissus gave birth to a new one, paradoxical, dependent and less confident. Most of Batemans victims are socially-marginalized characters, members of minority groups, such as homeless people, homosexuals, immigrants, and prostitutes. As a matter of fact, Bateman may be regarded as having a predatory identity, as defined by Arjun Appadurai (2006). However, this autodiegetic narrator, together with his inconsistent narrative, cannot be entirely trusted. These are the points I want to debate regarding this fourfold serial killer

The novel American Psycho was first published in 1991. It recieved harsh criticism and was viewed as a work of heterosexism, misogyny and pointless violence. Despite the criticism, the protagonist, a wealthy serial killer yuppie namned Patrick Bateman, fascinated the readers. He hides his monstrosity behind a façade of heteronormativity, but this essay shows that the norms in American Psycho are fragile. Batemans relationships are shallow, his identity is constructed out of traditional masculinitynorms and even though he’s homophobic there’s a homoerotic undertone in the text, as well as gothic patterns that give the novel a fair amount of queerness too. This analysis shows that the fear of AIDS, imprinted in the text, works as a representation for Bateman’s discrepancy concerning his sexuality. It brings to light that Bateman’s feelings towards two of his collegues are charachterized by homoerotic yearnings, and that shallow readings, where the text is not interpreted, allows the brutal violence to divert attention from the novel’s queer meaning. / Romanen American Psycho publicerades 1991. Den fick hård kritik och sågs som ett heterosexistiskt, misogynt verk fullt av meningslöst våld. Trots kritiken fascinerade protagonisten, den förmögna seriemördaryuppien Patrick Bateman, läsarna. Bateman döljer sin monstrositet bakom en heteronormativ fasad men den här uppsatsen visar att textens heteronorm är bräcklig. Batemans relationer är ytliga, identiteten är konstruerad från traditionella maskulinitetsnormer, han är homofobisk, även då gotiska, homoerotiska undertoner präglar texten. Analysen visar att AIDS-skräcken som präglar boken är synonym med Batemans sexualitetsdiskrepans, att hans känslor för två av hans kollegor är av homoerotisk karaktär, samt att i ytliga läsningar av romanen, där texten inte tolkas, gör det explicita våldet att läsarens uppmärksamhet avleds från romanens queera innebörd.

Tesis por compendio / [ES] La tesis tiene como objetivo principal el estudio del gas radón y sus descendientes. El radón es un gas radiactivo presente en la naturaleza que puede filtrarse en las viviendas y que se ha asociado con un mayor riesgo de cáncer de pulmón. A pesar de que existen regulaciones y recomendaciones para controlar la concentración de radón en el aire interior, es necesario hacer mediciones del factor de equilibrio, un parámetro esencial en la evaluación del riesgo de exposición al radón, y de las concentraciones de sus descendientes que pueden variar en diferentes situaciones y entornos. Por lo tanto, es fundamental comprender en profundidad el factor de equilibrio y las concentraciones de los descendientes y cómo pueden variar en diferentes ubicaciones y circunstancias. Esto implica, para el desarrollo de esta tesis, la toma de muestras de aire en el interior, la medición de la concentración de radón y de sus productos de desintegración, y la evaluación de factores ambientales, centrándose en la humedad relativa, y otros factores que podrían influir en la concentración del radón y sus descendientes en el ambiente interior. Con estos datos se desarrolla un modelo dosimétrico para el cálculo de la dosis por inhalación. Para comprender la variabilidad del factor de equilibrio en diferentes condiciones, se emplearán análisis estadísticos y se desarrollarán modelos matemáticos que integren los datos recopilados de las mediciones y los factores ambientales evaluados. Además, se considerará el uso de las mascarillas faciales como una posible medida factor que pueda influir en la reducción de la dosis por inhalación de los descendientes del radón. Se realizarán mediciones específicas con y sin mascarillas faciales para evaluar su impacto. / [CA] La tesi té com a objectiu principal l'estudi del gas radó i els seus descendents. El radó és un gas radiactiu present en la naturalesa que pot filtrar-se en les llars i que s'ha associat amb un major risc de càncer de pulmó. Tot i que existeixen regulacions i recomanacions per controlar la concentració de radó en l'aire interior, és necessari fer mesures del factor d'equilibri, un paràmetre essencial en l'avaluació del risc d'exposició al radó, i de les concentracions dels seus descendents que poden variar en diferents situacions i entorns. Per tant, és fonamental comprendre en profunditat el factor d'equilibri i les concentracions dels descendents i com poden variar en diferents ubicacions i circumstàncies. Això implica, per al desenvolupament d'aquesta tesi, la presa de mostres d'aire a l¿interior, la mesura de la concentració de radó i dels seus productes de decaïment, i l'avaluació de factors ambientals, centrant-se en la humitat relativa, i altres factors que podrien influir en la concentració del radó i els seus descendents en l'ambient interior. Amb aquestes dades es desenvolupa un model dosimètric per al càlcul de la dosi per inhalació. Per comprendre la variabilitat del factor d'equilibri en diferents condicions, s'emplearan anàlisis estadístics i es desenvoluparan models matemàtics que integren les dades recopilades de les mesures i els factors ambientals avaluats. A més, es considerarà l'ús de les mascaretes facials com una possible mesura que puga influir en la reducció de la dosi per inhalació dels descendents del radó. Es realitzaran mesures específiques amb i sense mascaretes facials per a avaluar el seu impacte. / [EN] The main objective of this thesis is the study of radon gas and its decay products. Radon is a radioactive gas present in nature that can seep into homes and has been associated with an increased risk of lung cancer. Although there are regulations and recommendations to control the concentration of radon in indoor air, measurements of the equilibrium factor, an essential parameter in the assessment of the risk of radon exposure, and of the concentrations of its decay products that can vary in different situations and environments, are necessary. Therefore, it is essential to thoroughly understand the equilibrium factor and the concentrations of the decay products and how they can vary in different locations and circumstances. To develop this thesis, it is necessary to take indoor air samples, measure the concentration of radon and its decay products, and evaluate environmental factors, focusing on relative humidity, and other factors that could influence the concentration of radon and its decay products in the indoor environment. With this data, a dosimetric model is developed for the calculation of inhalation doses. To understand the variability of the equilibrium factor in different conditions, statistical analyses will be used, and mathematical models that integrate the data collected from the measurements and the evaluated environmental factors will be developed. In addition, the use of face masks will be considered as a possible factor that may influence the reduction of inhalation doses of radon decay products. Specific measurements will be taken with and without face masks to evaluate their impact. / Martínez Ferri, JE. (2023). Estudio del factor de equilibrio y cálculo de dosis aplicados al gas radón [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/196830 / Compendio

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