Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-18T17:54:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 EDILAINE_DISSERTACAO_FINAL[1].pdf: 2596078 bytes, checksum: 6d0e94d2ebe3187562bd7ad447f6443a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-11-28 / This study aims to investigate the alcoholic beverage use among college students of a university in western Sao Paulo State. Look for verify drugs consume among freshman, senior and last year college students of a graduation university. The problem to deal with is the spread of alcoholic beverage among young and the pedagogic actions presents in the university to prevention, control and conscientious of the damage cause by the use. It is a considerable subject, because is getting enlarge with a big experimentation incidence among young persons, and exist the necessity to do a abuse and dependence substance prevention in a educative form in the university. The research results will to help the academic policy conscious in the academic community for the indicated problem in the local and regional communities. How objective is pretended the research about the alcoholic beverage use in a way for contribute with educational proposal in the curricular environment, in order to analyze the proximity o college students with the alcoholic beverage and their motivation for use; determine for sample the incidence of alcoholic beverage use among college students; verify the initial behave of freshman and compare it with the senior and last year university students; analyze the initial conduct in the first term and comparison with senior an last year colleges, by the use and suggest same pedagogic interventions in the university for the younger education in relation of drugs use and abuse. The research uses the investigation method quali-quantitative, case study, the data underpinning for the bibliographic reflex ion, semi-structured interviews and questionnaire. From the obtained results, we can find out the higher consume is for the younger admissions in the university, going to consume reduce in the university study conclusion 20%; in the teacher and disciple opinion, do not exist projects for the prevention and conscious for the alcohol malefaction, provided that the education managements do not to deal about this subject, however had been pointed the drunken students presence in the class room. Teachers interviewed responded, in the percentage of 30%, that education does not contribute to this type of prevention, 12% do not have formed opinions and other 12% knew not opine. It follows that: teachers and administrators know that the problem of alcoholism exists, but does not have enough support to tackle the problem. / Este estudo tratou do uso de álcool no meio acadêmico universitário. Procurou-se constatar o consumo da droga, pelos alunos dos primeiros, penúltimos e últimos termos dos cursos de graduação universitária. O problema que se abordou foi a disseminação e o uso do álcool entre jovens e quais as ações pedagógicas estão presentes na universidade para prevenção, controle e conscientização dos prejuízos de seu uso. O assunto é relevante, pois vem aumentando com grande incidência a experimentação de álcool entre jovens, há necessidade de fazer-se a prevenção do abuso e dependência dessa substância, de forma educativa na universidade. Os resultados da pesquisa auxiliarão na consciência política acadêmica da comunidade universitária para o problema apontado e comunidade local e regional. Como objetivos, pretendeu-se: contribuir com propostas educativas no ambiente curricular, analisar a proximidade e o uso pelo graduando de bebidas alcoólicas e suas motivações; determinar por amostragem a incidência do uso de bebidas alcoólicas entre universitários; verificar o comportamento inicial no 1º termo e compará-la ao penúltimo e último termo, em destaque aos futuros educadores quanto ao uso; ainda propor as intervenções pedagógicas na universidade para educação dos jovens quanto ao uso e abuso da droga. A pesquisa apóia-se no método de investigação quali-quantitativo, estudo de caso com reflexão crítica-teórica e instrumentos como entrevistas semi-estruturadas e questionários. Dos resultados obtidos, podemos verificar que o maior consumo se dá com a entrada dos jovens na universidade, na porcentagem de 20%; na opinião de professores e alunos, não existem projetos para a prevenção e a conscientização dos malefícios do álcool, dado que a gestão educacional não trata este assunto, embora tenha sido apontada a presença de alunos alcoolizados em sala de aula. Os professores entrevistados responderam, na porcentagem de 30%, que a educação não contribui para este tipo de prevenção, 12% não possui opinião formada e outros 12% não souberam opinar. Conclui-se que: professores e gestores sabem que o problema do alcoolismo existe, mas não possuem suporte suficiente para enfrentar o problema

INTRODUCTION: Dental caries erosion are both multifactorial diseases. One common factor for both diseases is acid attack on dental enamel. Some beverages contain both erosive acids and cariogenic carbohydrates, thus, promoting both types of disease. Previous literature has examined beverages as single source exposures, despite the fact that beverage consumption is a complex process that contains several beverage. A few studies have examined the patterns of beverage consumption and dental caries in both children and adults. These studies found a significant positive relationship between sugar sweetened beverages consumption and caries. These studies did not differentiate between regular and diet soda, so the relationship between diet/low calorie sweetener drinks and dental caries is not established. In contrast with caries, the association between beverage consumption patterns and erosion has not been studied before. OBJECTIVES: Examine the effect of diet drinks on dental caries and erosion among a representative sample of US children and adults. METHODS: All analyses conducted using cluster analysis to account for the complexity of beverage consumption and to better understand the effect of different consumption patterns on the dentition. NHANES data was used to be able to generalize the results to the US population. RESULTS: In children, we managed to define 6 different clusters including: water, milk, juice drinks, 100% juice, soda, and diet drinks. None of the clusters demonstrated statistically significant associations with dental caries. While individuals with high soda consumption had the highest caries risk, diet drinks had no effect on dental caries. On the other hand, adults were grouped into 4 distinct clusters: water, soda, diet drinks, and coffee/tea. The diet drinks cluster was not associated with higher DMFT score, while high soda consumption demonstrated increased DMFT. In contrast, high diet drinks consumption increased the risk for erosion, although this relationship was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: This dissertation showed that diet drinks are not associated with dental disease. While we can not recommend consuming these drinks based on this one cross sectional study, we believe that more studies should be conducted so that we can draw a final conclusion regarding oral disease and diet drinks. / 2022-10-24T00:00:00Z

Master of Public Health - MPH / Television (TV), a powerful medium used by industry for marketing, increases the popularity of certain food products and beverages. Through a range of techniques, this is done to persuade adults and children to buy these commodities, most of which are detrimental to human health. For instance, they are high in simple sugars, fructose corn syrup and refined carbohydrates; engineered to contain artificial ingredients; high in macronutrients, low in micronutrients and dietary fibre, and require less time and energy to digest. Thereby, predisposing individuals who over-consume these foods to overweight, obesity and non-communicable diseases (NCD). These health conditions have been implicated in the burden of disease in South Africa. As such, we must monitor and evaluate the advertisement of these commodities on free-to-air TV channels in the country to generate audit information

With aging, there is a putative loss of taste and smell that may lead to decreased food enjoyment. We determined the relationships among age, detection, and recognition thresholds for taste and smell, and preference for flavored milk. Ninety young (20-40 years) and 90 elderly (over 64 years) subjects evaluated chocolate mint-, lemon-, or strawberry-flavored milk. Detection and recognition thresholds were determined for sucrose and for the assigned flavor in milk systems. Sucrose was dissolved in milk, and flavors were dispersed in milk with flavor identification. Preference was determined using a 9-point hedonic scale to evaluate all combinations of five sucrose and five flavor levels in milk. Subjects also answered a questionnaire regarding individual chemosensory function, sweet beverage enjoyment, general perception of food flavors, and circumstances that might influence their taste and smell function. Compared to young, elderly had higher detection and recognition thresholds for the tastant sucrose for the olfactants lemon and strawberry, and for the olfactory/trigeminal stimulant of chocolate mint in milk systems. This suggest elderly have lower chemosensory function regarding taste, smell, and trigeminal sense. Differences between detection and recognition thresholds were larger for elderly than for young subjects, especially for flavors, implying cognitive as well as sensory losses with aging. Despite lower chemosensory function, elderly did not report greater taste or smell dysfunction. The loss of chemosensory function may be too gradual to be noticed. Elderly also did not complain about foods and beverages more than young. Most said foods in general were "just right The loss of chemosensory function with aging may not be great enough to alter food perception. Elderly preferred equal or lower levels of sucrose and flavors. In addition, high detection and recognition thresholds were not related to preference for higher levels of any stimulant. Elderly also did not make more comments regarding flavor weakness. The active, healthy elderly probably do not require increased flavor levels for optimal food enjoyment.

Actualmente en Lima Metropolitana, 7 de cada 10 personas consumen bebidas alcohólicas como la cerveza y el trago corto. Este hecho origina que casi el 90% de estas personas padezcan resaca por alcohol, producto de la ingesta excesiva y/o la mezcla de estas bebidas, originando malestar general acompañado de dolor de cabeza, náuseas, mareos y dolor estomacal. Los momentos más frecuentes de consumo que se presentan son los fines de semana, festividades, feriados y fines de mes. Los consumos de las bebidas alcohólicas se presentan en su mayoría en reuniones, fiestas, integraciones familiares, amicales y de trabajo. Para solucionar esta problemática identificada hemos creado R-BORN, una Bebida hecha a base de insumos naturales, teniendo como propuesta de valor principal aliviar el malestar y mitigar los síntomas de la resaca con productos naturales. Esta bebida está hecha a base de tres frutas, las cuales son la tuna, piña y coco, debido a sus componentes y propiedades que permiten contrarrestar los efectos del alcohol. Nuestro producto va dirigido para hombres y mujeres mayores de 18 años hasta los 39 años de edad, que pertenezcan a un nivel socioeconómico A y B, que padezcan el malestar de resaca producto de la ingesta excesiva de bebidas alcohólicas y prefieran combatirla con un producto hecho a base de insumos naturales. Nuestro tamaño de mercado estimado es de 390,378 personas. Asimismo, este producto será comercializado a través de los siguientes canales de ventas: bodegas, ferias saludables, sitio web, redes sociales y venta directa. / Currently in Lima Metropolitan 7 out of 10 people, consume alcoholic beverages such as beer and short drink. This fact results in almost 90% of these people developing alcohol hangover caused by an excessive intake and/or the mixture of these drinks, producing general discomfort accompanied by headache, nausea, dizziness and stomach pain. The most frequent times of consumption that occur are weekends, holidays and weekends. Consumption of alcoholic beverages are the mostly presented in meetings, parties, and family, amical and work integrations. To solve this identified problem we have created R-BORN, a drink made from natural inputs having as its main value proposition to alleviate the discomfort and mitigate hangover symptoms with natural products. This drink is made from three fruits, which are tuna, pineapple and coconut because of its components, and properties that counteract the effects of alcohol. Our product is aimed at men and women over the age of 18 up to the age of 39 who belong to a socioeconomic level A and B who suffer from hangover discomfort resulting from excessive alcoholic beverages and preferring to fight it with a product made from natural supplies. Our estimated market size is 390,378 people. In addition, this product will be marketed through the following sale’s channels: grocery stores, healthy food fairs, website, social networks and direct selling. / Trabajo de investigación

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・論文博士 / 博士(農学) / 乙第13100号 / 論農博第2846号 / 新制||農||1051(附属図書館) / 学位論文||H29||N5032(農学部図書室) / (主査)教授 松村 康生, 教授 裏出 令子, 教授 谷 史人 / 学位規則第4条第2項該当 / Doctor of Agricultural Science / Kyoto University / DFAM

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In the U.S., over 67 million adults are obese and 300,000 annual deaths are related to obesity. Among college-aged women, over 60% report daily consumption of caloric beverages. Prior studies indicate positive associations between these beverages and obesity, but conflicting results for diet drinks. Studies were limited, however, by obesity measures that failed to accurately assess abdominal adiposity or percent body fat, and few studies included college-aged women. We examined this relationship among participants aged 18-30 in the University of Massachusetts Vitamin D Status Study (n=237). We assessed average diet in the past two months using a modified version of the Harvard Food Frequency Questionnaire and calculated percent body fat by dual-energy X-ray absorptiomtery. Confounding factors were assessed using a lifestyle questionnaire. Multiple logistic regression was used to adjust for important risk factors. We found no association between intake of sugar-sweetened beverages or juice and obesity after controlling for confounding factors. However, high consumption of diet drinks (i.e., >2 servings per week) was associated with an increased risk of overweight (BMI>25) (OR=2.88, 95% CI 1.34, 6.21), high waist circumference (>80 cm) (OR=3.14, 95% CI 1.56, 6.35) and high percent body fat (>33%) (OR=2.86, 95% CI 1.42, 5.77) as compared to light consumption (i.e, <1 serving per>month). These associations were not attenuated by controlling for total caloric intake. Findings should be evaluated in additional longitudinal studies to determine whether diet drinks contribute to adiposity or if the association is due to higher diet drink consumption by overweight women.

Thesis advisor: Arthur Lewbel / This thesis consists of two chapters. In Chapter 1, I studied the consumption inequalities between men and women, as well as boys and girls, within the households in Sierra Leone. Through a collective household model, I found that women on average experience lower levels of consumption than men, with the inequality concentrated in households that are large or consist of more women than men. Moreover, there is little evidence of overall consumption inequality by gender for children, while both boys and girls have very high poverty rates. In addition, I developed a new strategy for understanding who is perceived as a child vs. an adult in a household, which improved the estimation. In Chapter 2, I studied the associations between sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) taxes and adolescent obesity in the US. I found that the taxes were associated with a lower body mass index and a lower probability of being overweight or obese. I found that SSBs and milk consumption had mediating roles, as tax increases were associated with decreases in SSB consumption and increases in milk consumption. Given the limited implementation and recent preemption of SSB taxes across the US, these results would help in understanding the potential benefits of implementing SSB taxes on a larger scale. / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2023. / Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: Economics.