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The Tongue River bison jump (24RB2135) the technological organization of late prehistoric period hunter-gatherers in southwestern Montana /Hamilton, Joseph Shawn. January 2007 (has links)
Thesis (M.A.)--University of Montana, 2007. / Title from title screen. Description based on contents viewed July 12, 2007. Includes bibliographical references (p. 100-108).
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Faunal analysis of the Tongue River bison kill (24RB2135) in southeastern MontanaSutton, Hilleary Allison. January 2007 (has links)
Thesis (M.A.)--University of Montana, 2007. / Title from title screen. Description based on contents viewed July 25, 2007. Includes bibliographical references (p. 55-60).
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GIS and Archaeology: Bison Hunting Strategies in Southern Saskatchewan2013 June 1900 (has links)
Between 1988 and 1989, an intensive archaeological survey of a small drainage known as Roan Mare coulee in southern Saskatchewan was conducted by Dr. Ernest Walker (Walker 1990). Among the 120 archaeological sites in the area, seven bison kills and a vast array of associated drivelines were identified. This study focuses upon the spatial interaction amongst the kills, the drivelines and the local environment in relation to the bison hunting strategies used on the Northern Plains. This is done by modelling where bison are likely to move in the terrain as well as how the topography obstructs their line of sight.
As this problem covers a large spatial area and multiple different data sources, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are integrated into the research design in the form of Least Cost Path and Viewshed analyses. Both archaeological data from Walker's survey and environmental data such as elevation and water sources served as the input datasets required by ArcGIS's spatial analysis tools. The results of the Least Cost Path analyses were compared visually to both the location and orientation of the driveline evidence, while the viewshed results were compared to the trap's location at the valley edge.
The results of this research showed that the drivelines found at Roan Mare coulee appear to be following the general orientation of the landscape at the broadest scales, and likely served to funnel bison over large distances. There also appear to be several locations on the landscape that are amenable to moving bison to several different sites. The viewshed evidence shows the smaller scale nuances between bison vision and the terrain in a hypothetical drive event. The differences in the viewable area available to the bison at each site likely played a role in the chosen strategy employed when that site was used. It is hoped that this style of research can be continued with higher quality data and additional variables to help clarify many of the subtleties found in a Plains bison drive.
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Ponds, rivers and bison freezers : evaluating a behavioral ecological model of hunter-gatherer mobility on Idaho's Snake River Plain /Henrikson, Lael Suzann, January 2002 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2002. / Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 314-326). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
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Ponds, rivers and bison freezers : evaluating a behavioral ecological model of hunter-gatherer mobility on Idaho's Snake River PlainHenrikson, Lael Suzann, 1959- 12 1900 (has links)
xviii, 326 p. : ill. (some col.), maps. A print copy of this title is available through the UO Libraries under the call number: KNIGHT GN799 .F6 H46 2002 / Archaeological evidence indicates that cold storage of bison meat was
consistently practiced on the eastern Snake River Plain over the last 8000 years.
Recent excavations in three cold lava tube caves have revealed a distinctive artifact
assemblage of elk antler tines, broken handstones, and bison bone in association with
frozen sagebrush features. Similar evidence has also been discovered in four other
caves within the region.
A patch choice model was utilized in this study to address how the long-term
practice of caching bison meat in cold caves may have functioned in prehistoric
subsistence patterns. Because the net return rate for bison was critical to the model,
the hunting success of fur trappers occupying the eastern Snake River Plain during
the early 1800s, as recorded in their daily journals, was examined and quantified. According to the model, the productivity of cold storage caves must be evaluated
against the productivity of other patches on the eastern Snake River Plain, such as
ephemeral ponds and linear river corridors from season to season and year to year.
The model suggests that residential bases occurred only within river resource
patches while ephemeral ponds and ice caves would contain sites indicative of
seasonal base camps.
The predictions of the model were tested against documented archaeological
data from the Snake River Plain through the examination of Geographic Information
Systems data provided by the Idaho Bureau of Land Management. The results of
this analysis indicate that seasonal base camps are directly associated with both
ephemeral and perennial water sources, providing strong support for the model's
predictions. Likewise, the temporal distribution of sites within the study area
indicates that climate change over the last 8000 years was not dramatic enough to
alter long-term subsistence practices in the region. The long-term use of multiple
resource patches across the region also confirms that, although the high return rates
for bison made them very desirable prey, the over-all diet breadth for the eastern
Snake River Plain was broad and included a variety of large and small game and
plant foods. Bison and cold storage caves were a single component in a highly
mobile seasonal round that persisted for some 8000 years, down to the time of
written history in the 19th Century. / Committee in charge: Dr. C. Melvin Aikens, Chair; Dr. Lawrence Sugiyama ;
Dr. Jon Erlandson ;
Dr. Dennis Jenkins ;
Dr. Cathy Whitlock ;
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A comprehensive analysis of the butchering activities performed at the Fincastle Bison Kill Site (D1Ox-5)Watts, Angela (Ang), University of Lethbridge. Faculty of Arts and Science January 2008 (has links)
The Fincastle site (DlOx-5) is located in Southern Alberta, Canada. Excavations
from 2004-2007 unearthed a significant number of lithic artefacts, fire-broken rock and a
dense bone bed. Radiocarbon dates (ca. 2500 BP) place the single occupancy kill site in
the Late Middle Prehistoric Period.
This thesis investigates the butchering activities that took place in the East Block
of the site, where 60,000 bone fragments were collected. Of these faunal remains, 5,540
records were processed and examined using Brumley’s (1991) Bone Unit (BU) analysis
scheme. They were then assigned to a Bone Unit Butchering Category, a classification
system created to identify specific butchering activities. Detailed analyses of the
articulations, location and quantity of impact and/or cut marks, and specific fracture types
and lengths were also carried out.
The evidence shows that both primary and secondary butchering operations
occurred at Fincastle, including joint dismemberment, meat removal, marrow extraction
and grease rendering processes. / xviii, 298 leaves : col. ill. ; 29 cm. --
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