Cattle are vitally important to American agriculture industry, generating over 24.6 billion pounds of beef (by carcass weight), and 79.5 billion dollars in 2005, and over 27 billion dollars in milk sales in 2004. As of July 2006, the U.S. beef and dairy industry is comprised of 104.5 million head of cattle, 32.4 million of which were processed in 2005. The health of the animals has always been an important concern for breeders, as healthy animals grow faster and are more likely to reach market weight. Animals that exhibit natural resistance to disease do not require chemicals to stimulate normal weight gain, and are less prone to disease related wasting. The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is a collection of genes, many of which function in antigen processing and presentation. The bovine MHC (BoLA) differs from typical mammalian MHCs in that the class II region was disrupted by a chromosomal inversion into two subregions, designated BoLA IIa and BoLA IIb. BoLA IIb was transposed to a position near the centromere on bovine chromosome 23,while BoLA IIa retains its position in BoLA. Comparative sequence analysis of BoLA IIb with the human MHC revealed the location of the region containing the proximal inversion breakpoint. Gene content, order and orientation of BoLA IIb are consistent with the single inversion hypothesis when compared to the corresponding region of the human class II MHC (HLA class II). BoLA IIb spans approximately 450 kb. The genomic sequence of BoLA IIb was used to detect sequence variation through comparison to other bovine sequences, including data from the bovine genome project, and two regions in the BAC scaffold used to develop the BoLA IIb sequence. Analysis of the bovine genome project sequence revealed a total of 10,408 mismatching bases, 30 out of 231 polymorphic microsatellites, and 15 sequences corresponding to the validated SNP panel generated by the bovine genome sequencing project. The two overlapping regions in the BoLA IIb BAC scaffold were found to have 888 polymorphisms, including a total of 6 out of 42 polymorphic microsatellites indicating that each BAC derived from a different chromosome.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:48:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Carlos dos Santos Silva.pdf: 824330 bytes, checksum: 1a7f00bb10b1dc83e4d421bb3c5d08b2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-12-18 / This work regards the birth and history of Bola de Neve Church in the Brasilian field among the neopentecostal moviment. It draws its origin, development, emphasizing the qualities of the founder of BDNC, who left Renascer em cristo Church to found his own deonomination. It analyzes who the adolescent is today, in modern society. It looks into their needs and chalenges, as well as the changes they are submited to. It looks at their behaviour and seek for identity building. It observes the formation of groups and other kinds of relationships necessary and interconnected to the adolescent s life. It analyzes the enviroment and participation of the adolescent in BDNC. It verifies the way the teeager is treated and the way he behaves in a religious enviroment at Bola de Neve Church, studying the impact of religion learning on the relashionships of these teenagers with the society, church and family. / Este trabalho aborda o histórico e nascedouro da Bola de Neve Church no campo brasileiro entre as igrejas do movimento neopentecostal. Traça sua origem e desenvolvimento, ressaltando as qualidades do fundador da BDNC, que saiu da Igreja Renascer em Cristo, para fundar a sua própria denominação. Analisa quem é o adolescente hoje na sociedade moderna. Verifica quais os seus desafios e necessidades, bem como as transformações que os mesmos estão sujeitos. Analisa seu comportamento e busca de formação de sua identidade. Observa a formação de grupos e outros tipos de relacionamentos necessários e inter-relacionados com a vida do adolescente. Analisa o espaço e participação do adolescente na BDNC. Verifica como o mesmo é tratado e comporta-se no ambiente religioso nesta igreja, verificando qual o impacto do aprendizado religioso nos relacionamentos deste adolescente com a sociedade, igreja e família.

Tese de mestrado integrado. Engenharia Electrotécnica e de Computadores. Área de Especialização de Automação. Faculdade de Engenharia. Universidade do Porto. 2012

Es evidente que la pobreza económica es uno de los problemas que presentan los países subdesarrollados, y que su reducción está relacionada con el aumento de la productividad en las PYME, dado el alto impacto que han representado a lo largo del tiempo. Muchas entidades han identificado la importancia de la agricultura en el sector económico del país. Por lo tanto, es necesario un diagnóstico en la zona. El propósito de este diagnóstico es tener una referencia del entorno desde el punto de vista general, en el que se pueden observar todas las interacciones, descripciones, particularidades y procesos existentes. En esta primera etapa del diagnóstico, se lleva a cabo utilizando un muestreo no probabilístico, que es un método común en la investigación. Uno de los muchos métodos utilizados para identificar el diagnóstico es el muestreo de bolas de nieve que permite encontrar el diagnóstico de poblaciones ocultas donde no hay manera de conocer todas las características de una población. La ventaja de utilizar este tipo de muestreo es que un solo informante inicial puede poner al investigador en contacto con otras fuentes. Además, sobre la base de los resultados obtenidos, se identificó que las causas del problema del sector de Chirimoya estaban asociadas a 3 procesos críticos que reflejaban la no productividad de este sector: proceso de gestión de planificación y control de la producción, proceso de gestión logística y proceso de gestión de la calidad. / It is evident that economic poverty is one of the problems presented by underdeveloped countries, and that their reduction is related to the increase in productivity in MSEs, given the high impact they have represented over time. Many entities have identified the importance of agriculture in the economic sector of the country. Therefore, a diagnosis is necessary in the area. The purpose of this diagnosis is to have a reference of the environment from the general point of view, in which all the interactions, descriptions, particularities and existing processes can be observed. In this first stage of the diagnosis, it is carried out using a non-probabilistic sampling, which is a common method in the investigation. One of the many methods used for identifying diagnosis is the snowball sampling that allows finding the diagnosis of hidden populations where there is no way to know all the characteristics of a population. The benefit of using this type of sampling is that a single initial informant can put the researcher in contact with other sources. Further, based on the results obtained, it was identified that the causes of the problem of the Cherimoya sector were associated to 3 critical processes that reflected the non-productivity of this sector: process of planning management and production control, process of logistic management and process of quality management. / Tesis

The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is a genomic region containing genes of immunomodulatory importance. MHC class I genes encode cell-surface glycoproteins that present peptides to circulating T cells, playing a key role in recognition of self and non-self. Studies of MHC loci in vertebrates have examined levels of polymorphism and molecular evolutionary processes generating diversity. The bovine MHC (BoLA) has been associated with disease susceptibility, resistance and progression. To delineate mechanisms by which MHC class I genes evolved to function optimally in a species like cattle, it is necessary to study genomic organization of BoLA to define gene content, and investigate characteristics of expressed class I molecules. This study describes development of a physical map of BoLA class I region derived from screening two BAC libraries, isolating positive clones and confirming gene content, order and chromosomal location through PCR, novel BAC end sequencing techniques, and selected BAC shotgun cloning and/or sequencing and FISH analysis. To date, this is the most complete ordered BAC array encompassing the BoLA class I region from the class III boundary to the extended class I region. Characterization of a frameshift allele exhibiting trans-species polymorphism in Bos and Bison by flow cytometry, real-time RT-PCR, 1D and 2D gel analysis is also described. This frameshift allele encodes an early termination signal within the antigen recognition site (ARS) of exon 3 of the BoLA BSA-Adel class I gene predicting a truncated class I protein that is soluble. An ability to assess MHC diversity in populations and provision of animals with defined MHC haplotypes and genetic content for experimental research is necessary in developing a basis upon which to build functional studies to elucidate associations between haplotype and disease in bovids. The BoLA class I region is immunologically important for disease association studies in an economically important species. This study provides knowledge of gene content and organization within the class I MHC region in cattle, providing a template for more detailed analysis and elucidation of complex disease associations through functional genomics and comparative analysis, as well as evolution of the MHC in bovids to optimize a population’s immune response.

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Desportos. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Física. / Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-23T07:18:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 248449.pdf: 758938 bytes, checksum: 0f039cf892402ec83a0ae56256b41a9b (MD5)

Orientador: João Batista Freire / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação Fisica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-03T19:09:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Scaglia_AlcidesJose_D.pdf: 647342 bytes, checksum: 33411faaabbec54f4938c0885343dea3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003 / Doutorado

[pt] A pesquisa documentada nesta dissertação apresenta o mapeamento de algumas das modelagens das fantasias de Bate-Bolas do Rio de Janeiro, estabelecendo uma relação entre o design e a manifestação cultural para realizar uma análise das possibilidades de representação da fantasia em diferentes escalas. A pesquisa se baseia na noção de sustentabilidade comunicacional que visa a recortar no estudo de um festejo a sua dimensão sustentável quanto a aspectos simbólicos e a produção de sentidos no entorno de sua difusão. O problema da escala aparece na pesquisa ao ser proposto souvenires que possam disseminar a cultura dos Bate-Bolas de forma positiva e lúdica. Utilizando o design participativo, realizamos uma pesquisa intervenção que inclui líderes de turmas e brincantes que fazem parte do setor produtivo bate-boleiro. Como metodologia, realizamos entrevistas com pessoas envolvidas na produção das fantasias, registros de processos em visita a barracões, observação participante em saídas das turmas, projetos online e dinâmicas de produção colaborativas. A presente pesquisa integra o projeto Motirô, uma parceria com o Museu da Pessoa, que registra festejos representantes da cultura popular e relata o impacto que sofreram com o distanciamento social provocado pela pandemia da COVID-19 – dentre deles, os Bate-Bolas. O estudo propicia um diálogo entre o design participativo e o conceito de linguagem pedagógica das coisas, do autor Pier Paolo Pasolini (1990) que descreve a importância da materialidade na memória individual e coletiva. O resultado final foi a participação dos brincantes na construção dos souvenires com o foco na representação simbólica do festejo e que utilizam materiais utilizadas nas fantasias, reciclando sobras desses recursos da produção. / [en] The dissertation presents the mapping of some of the modeling of Rio de Janeiro s Bate-Bolas fantasies, establishing a relationship between design and cultural manifestation to carry out an analysis of the possibilities of representing fantasy at different scales. The research is based on the notion of communicational sustainability, which aims to focus on the study of a celebration its sustainable dimension in terms of symbolic aspects and the production of meanings around its diffusion. The scale problem appears in the research when souvenirs are proposed that can disseminate the culture of Bate-Bolas in a positive and playful way. Using participatory design, we conducted an intervention research that includes class and play leaders who are part of the productive sector. As a methodology, we conducted interviews with people involved in the production of costumes, records of processes visiting sheds, participant observation in class exits, online projects and collaborative production dynamics. This dissertation is part of the Motirô project, a partnership with the Museu da Pessoa, which records celebrations representing popular culture and reports the impact they suffered from the social distance caused by the epidemic of COVID-19 among them, Bate-Bolas. The study provides a dialogue between participatory design and the concept of pedagogical language of things by the author Pier Paolo Pasolini, which describes the importance of materiality in individual and collective memory. The end result was the participation of those who played in the construction of the souvenirs, with a focus on the symbolic representation of the celebration and using materials used in costumes, recycling leftovers from these production resources.

[pt] Esta pesquisa observadora-participante tem como tema a história em quadrinhos como meio narrativo para a manifestação popular carnavalesca dos Bate-Bolas. O objetivo da pesquisa é investigar como o tipo de quadrinhos produzido no Brasil da última década pode gerar um método de criação narrativa para a cultura popular dos Bate-Bolas do subúrbio do Rio de Janeiro. Este projeto visa a dar continuidade aos estudos do Laboratório Design de Histórias, que tensionam registro e materialização como formas que mesclam o poético e o documental. Foram feitas reflexões sobre o contexto dos quadrinhos brasileiros da última década, sobre as tensões entre realidade e ficção, sobre o gesto do desenho e seu uso como instrumento de campo. Ao fim do estudo foi proposta uma metodologia de trabalho que dá ao quadrinista ferramentas e métodos multidisciplinares que articulam saberes ligados à produção de texto, imagem e design gráfico. Como materialização desta pesquisa, foi documentada parte da préprodução de uma história em quadrinhos com o tema Bate-Bola, de caráter ficcional e documental. / [en] The theme of this participant-observer research is comics as a narrative medium for the popular carnival manifestation of Bate-Bolas. This research seeks to investigate how the type of comics produced in Brazil in the last decade can generate a method of narrative creation for the popular culture of Bate-Bolas in the suburbs of Rio de Janeiro. This project aims to give continuity to the studies of the Design of Stories Laboratory that tension recording and materialization as forms that mix the poetic and the documentary. Reflections were made on the context of Brazilian comics in the last decade, on the tensions between reality and fiction, on the gesture of drawing and its use as a field instrument. At the end of the study, it was proposed a work methodology that gives the comic artist multidisciplinary tools and methods that articulate knowledge related to the production of text, image and graphic design. As a materialization of this research, it was documented part of the pre-production of a fictional and documentary comic book with the theme Bate- Bola.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-08T17:00:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 eduardo.pdf: 100725 bytes, checksum: 6776cf59e1d236b7d32a925b758b0afb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-12-01 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / In this dissertation, entitled The high tide will get you: Media, marketing and show faith in Bola de Neve Church, I try to identify how the neo-pentecostal church Bola de Neve mediates itself and puts itself in a context of spectacle and commodification, tipical of the present time s society, aiming to understand the main ways in which it conveys the goods it produces and the speeches which appropriates, and as both are associated. The dissertation was forged through three chapters: first, by identifying a broader context, relating the neo-pentecostal churches to mass culture and a spectacular society, emphasizing the Bola de Neve Church. Then try to observe some of the strategies of marketing of the institution, and in the final chapter, some of his speeches, emphasizing the issue of sexuality and the body of the faithful and analysis of a specific gospel song / Nesta dissertação, intitulada A grande onda vai te pegar: Mídia, mercado e espetáculo da fé na Bola de Neve Church, procuro identificar como a igreja neopentecostal Bola de Neve se midiatiza e se insere num contexto de espetacularização e mercadorização próprios da sociedade do tempo presente, tendo como objetivo principal perceber as maneiras como ela veicula as mercadorias que produz e os discursos os quais se apropria, e como ambos se associam. A dissertação se forjou através de três capítulos: no primeiro, trabalho identificando um contexto mais abrangente, relacionando as igrejas neopentecostais a uma cultura de massa e a uma sociedade espetacular, dando ênfase à Bola de Neve Church. Em seguida, procuro observar algumas das estratégias de marketing da instituição, e no capítulo final, alguns de seus discursos, dando ênfase à questão do corpo e da sexualidade do fiel e à análise de uma canção gospel específica