This thesis deals with the Buddha's criticism of the Brahmin worldview, and his explanation of the origin of social order through a new definition of important terms such as Brahmin, Arya and varna. The main work consists of selected Tipitaka Sutta, where the Buddha defines directly toward the Brahmin description of the stratification of society. The main aim of the thesis is to evaluate the influence of Buddha's efforts to moral and ideological revival of the society. The work is divided into thematic sub- chapters that deal in turn with the emergence and development of varna system, the state of society in Buddha's time, actual criticism of the existing social order and the search for the main causes of the gradual disappearance of Buddhism from India. Key words Buddha, varna, brahmana, Arya, Pali Canon, vedas