An accurate measurement of bubbly flow has a significant value for understanding the bubble behavior, heat and energy transfer pattern in different engineering systems. It also helps to advance the theoretical model development in two-phase flow study. Due to the interaction between the gas and liquid phase, the flow patterns are complicated in recorded image data. The segmentation and reconstruction of overlapping bubbles in these images is a challenging task. This dissertation provides a complete set of image processing algorithms for bubbly flow measurement. The developed algorithm can deal with bubble overlapping issues and reconstruct bubble outline in 2D high speed images under a wide void fraction range. Key bubbly flow parameters such as void fraction, interfacial area concentration, bubble number density and velocity can be computed automatically after bubble segmentation. The time-averaged bubbly flow distributions are generated based on the extracted parameters for flow characteristic study. A 3D imaging system is developed for 3D bubble reconstruction. The proposed 3D reconstruction algorithm can restore the bubble shape in a time sequence for accurate flow visualization with minimum assumptions. The 3D reconstruction algorithm shows an error of less than 2% in volume measurement compared to the syringe reading. Finally, a new image synthesis framework called Bubble Generative Adversarial Networks (BubGAN) is proposed by combining the conventional image processing algorithm and deep learning technique. This framework aims to provide a generic benchmark tool for assessing the performance of the existed image processing algorithms with significant quality improvement in synthetic bubbly flow image generation. / Ph. D. / Bubbly flow phenomenon exists in a wide variety of systems, for example, nuclear reactor, heat exchanger, chemical bubble column and biological system. The accurate measurement of the bubble distribution can be helpful to understand the behaviors of these systems. Due to the complexity of the bubbly flow images, it is not practical to manually process and label these data for analysis. This dissertation developed a complete suite of image processing algorithms to process bubbly flow images. The proposed algorithms have the capability of segmenting 2D dense bubble images and reconstructing 3D bubble shape in coordinate with multiple camera systems. The bubbly flow patterns and characteristics are analyzed in this dissertation. Finally, a generic image processing benchmark tool called Bubble Generative Adversarial Networks (BubGAN) is proposed by combining the conventional image processing and deep learning techniques together. The BubGAN framework aims to bridge the gap between real bubbly images and synthetic images used for algorithm benchmark and algorithm.