As a member state of the European union, Sweden is obligated to report the status of the species and habitats protected under the Habitats Directive every sixth year. Calypso bulbosa is one such species. Currently, there is suspicion that the true Swedish population size might have been heavily underestimated, as the habitat the species inhabits is relatively common. To address this uncertainty, Stephan et al. (2022) from SLU Artdatabanken produced a species distribution model (SDM) relating the presence/pseudo absence of C. bulbosa to a series of selected environmental factors. The model was then used to map potential growth sites as continuous probabilities across northern Sweden on a hectare level. In this report I test the accuracy of the above-mentioned model and provide data to be used in future improvements of this model. I visited 13 areas across Jämtland county, collecting presence/absence data from hectare squares with varying probabilities of presence according to the species distribution model. Logistic regression was then used on four data sets to determine if the probabilities of the model could explain the presence/absence observed in the field. I also recorded presence/absence of eight other plant species to determine if their presence/absence were associated with the presence/absence of C. bulbosa.  The results showed a significant positive relationship (p = 0,0167) between the probabilities of the SDM and the presence of C. bulbosa recorded in the field for one of the data sets. This data set included data from a simultaneous study in the Lapland part of Norrbotten county but excluded locations with previous recordings of the species. However, the probabilities only explained 1% of the variation in the field data. There were indeed also significant associations between the presence of four out of eight suggested associated species and that of C. bulbosa. These species were, in order of declining association: Goodyera repens, Maianthemum bifolium, Daphne mezereum and Gymnocarpium dryopteris.  Evidently, more factors than those used in the SDM affect the distribution of C. bulbosa. Nevertheless, the results show that the model could be made more useful by using the newly collected data to make future improvements.

Orientador: Silvia Rodrigues Machado / Resumo: Leguminosae é a terceira maior família dentre as Angiospermas, é cosmopolita, podendo ocorrer em florestas tropicais úmidas, florestas secas, savanas, regiões mediterrâneas e desérticas. Papilionoideae, subfamília com maior riqueza de espécies de Leguminosae, apresenta Phaseoleae como uma de suas tribos de maior importância econômica e alto número de espécies. Cajaninae, por sua vez, é a maior subtribo de Phaseoleae, destacando-se por apresentar aproximadamente 490 espécies distribuídas em 10 gêneros. Os representantes desta subtribo possuem distribuição pantropical, com apenas Rhynchosia e Eriosema ocorrendo nos neotrópicos. De modo geral, as espécies desta subtribo ocorrem em campos graminosos, florestas tropicais secas, regiões semiáridas, áreas degradadas e ambientes propensos à passagem do fogo. A ocorrência das espécies de Cajaninae nestes diferentes ambientes pode estar relacionada à presença de estruturas secretoras, como glândulas vesiculares e tricomas de base bulbosa. Apesar do conhecimento sobre a existência destas estruturas peculiares neste grupo desde o século 19, nenhum estudo detalhado de anatomia, ultraestrutura ou estudos com enfoque evolutivo haviam sido realizados. A subtribo tem sido considerada monofilética, porém os poucos trabalhos filogenéticos existentes abordam Phaseoleae como um todo, possuindo uma amostragem muito baixa dos representantes de Cajaninae, o que não esclarece sua monofilia. Considerando o pouco conhecimento sobre as relações filogené... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Leguminosae is the third largest family among Angiosperms, is cosmopolitan, occurring in humid tropical forests, dry forests, savannas, Mediterranean and desert regions. Papilionoideae, a subfamily with the highest species richness of Leguminosae, presents Phaseoleae as one of its tribes of major economic importance and high number of species. Cajaninae, in turn, is the largest subtribe of Phaseoleae, standing out to present approximately 490 species distributed in 10 genera. The representatives of this subtribe have pantropical distribution, with only Rhynchosia and Eriosema occurring in the neotropics. The species of this subtribe occur in greenfields, dry tropical forests, semi-arid regions, degraded areas and environments prone to fire. The occurrence of Cajaninae species in these different environments may be related to the presence of secretory structures, such as vesicular glands and bulbous based-trichomes. Despite the knowledge about the existence of these peculiar structures in this group since the 19th century, no detailed study of anatomy, ultrastructure or evolutionary approach studies had been performed. The subtribe has been considered monophyletic, but the few existing phylogenetic works address Phaseoleae as a whole, having a very low sampling of Cajaninae representatives, which does not clarify its monophyly. Considering the little knowledge about the phylogenetic relationships in Cajaninae, on the secretory structures that are peculiar to this group and the... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

L’aréthuse bulbeuse (Arethusa bulbosa L.) est une orchidée tourbicole rare au Québec de par la petite taille de ses populations et les pressions qui pèsent sur son habitat. L’aréthuse est reconnue comme étant intolérante aux changements édaphiques de son habitat, notamment en regard du drainage. Afin de déterminer si l’aréthuse est une bonne espèce indicatrice de l’intégrité écologique des tourbières, cette étude compare des parcelles où l’espèce est présente et où elle est absente. Au cours des étés 2009 et 2010, 37 tourbières du Québec méridional ont été échantillonnées. Des analyses discriminantes ont mis en évidence les facteurs naturels ou d’origine anthropique qui expliquent le mieux la différence entre les quatre types de parcelles. Aussi, la recherche d’espèces indicatrices de la présence de l’aréthuse a été réalisée grâce à la méthode INDVAL. Les résultats montrent que l’aréthuse pousse principalement dans des tourbières présentant des conditions minérotrophes, ce qui est appuyé par le pH élevé et la présence de plantes indicatrices de minérotrophie dans les parcelles contenant l’aréthuse. Cette dernière semble aussi profiter d’une certaine atténuation de la lumière par des arbres dispersés ou par les strates plus basses. Finalement, certaines perturbations de faible ampleur semblent être bénéfiques pour l’aréthuse, ce qui ne permet pas d’affirmer qu’elle est une bonne espèce indicatrice de l’intégrité écologique des tourbières. / Arethusa bulbosa L. is a peatland orchid rare in Québec because of the small size of its populations and the pressures on its habitat. It is known to be intolerant to edaphic changes of its habitat, and particularly to drainage. To determine if A. bulbosa is a good indicator species of the ecological integrity of peatlands, this study compares plots where the species is present from plots where it is absent. During the summers of 2009 and 2010, 37 peatlands were surveyed in southern Québec. Discriminant analyses were performed to find which natural or anthropogenic factors best explain the difference between plots with or without the orchid. Also, indicator species of the presence of A. bulbosa were found using INDVAL analyses. Overall, the results suggest that A. bulbosa was mostly growing in peatlands characterized by minerotrophic conditions. Two evidences supported this point, the high pH values measured and the presence of indicator species of minerotrophy in plots with the orchid. It is likely that A. bulbosa is favored by a certain interception of light by scattered trees or species growing in lower strata. Finally, despite a high floristic quality assessment index (FQAI) in A. bulbosa plots, it is likely that the species takes advantage of small-scale disturbances in it habitat and is therefore not a good indicator species of peatlands ecological integrity.

No description available.