Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-13T17:08:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AndersonMS.pdf: 2705590 bytes, checksum: 7d53920a98feb50686c5961b691c4ce2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-02-29 / Petr?leo Brasileiro SA - PETROBRAS / This project was developed as a partnership between the Laboratory of Stratigraphical Analyses of the Geology Department of UFRN and the company Millennium Inorganic Chemicals Minera??o Ltda. This company is located in the north end of the paraiban coast, in the municipal district of Mataraca. Millennium has as main prospected product, heavy minerals as ilmenita, rutilo and zircon presents in the sands of the dunes. These dunes are predominantly inactive, and overlap the superior portion of Barreiras Formation rocks. The mining happens with the use of a dredge that is emerged at an artificial lake on the dunes. This dredge removes sand dunes of the bottom lake (after it disassembles of the lake borders with water jets) and directs for the concentration plant, through piping where the minerals are then separate. The present work consisted in the acquisition external geometries of the dunes, where in the end a 3D Static Model could be set up of these sedimentary deposits with emphasis in the behavior of the structural top of Barreiras Formation rocks (inferior limit of the deposit). The knowledge of this surface is important in the phase of the plowing planning for the company, because a calculation mistake can do with that the dredge works too close of this limit, taking the risk that fragments can cause obstruction in the dredge generating a financial damage so much in the equipment repair as for the stopped days production. During the field stages (accomplished in 2006 and 2007) topographical techniques risings were used with Total Station and Geodesic GPS as well as shallow geophysical acquisitions with GPR (Ground Penetrating Radar). It was acquired almost 10,4km of topography and 10km of profiles GPR. The Geodesic GPS was used for the data geopositioning and topographical rising of a traverse line with 630m of extension in the stage of 2007. The GPR was shown a reliable method, ecologically clean, fast acquisition and with a low cost in relation to traditional methods as surveys. The main advantage of this equipment is obtain a continuous information to superior surface Barreiras Formation rocks. The static models 3D were elaborated starting from the obtained data being used two specific softwares for visualization 3D: GoCAD 2.0.8 and Datamine. The visualization 3D allows a better understanding of the Barreiras surface behavior as well as it makes possible the execution of several types of measurements, favoring like calculations and allowing that procedures used for mineral extraction is used with larger safety / Este projeto foi desenvolvido como forma de uma parceria entre o Laborat?rio de An?lises Estratigr?ficas do Departamento de Geologia da UFRN e a empresa Millennium Inorganic Chemicals Minera??o Ltda. Esta mina localiza-se no extremo norte do litoral paraibano, no munic?pio de Mataraca, tendo como principal produto prospectado, minerais pesados como ilmenita, rutilo e zirc?o presentes nas areias das dunas. Tais dunas, predominantemente inativas, repousam sobre a por??o superior das rochas silicicl?sticas da Forma??o Barreiras. A minera??o se d? atrav?s do uso de uma draga que fica emersa em um lago artificial sobre as dunas. Esta retira a areia das dunas do fundo do lago (ap?s o desmonte das bordas do lago com jatos de ?gua) e encaminha para a planta de concentra??o, atrav?s de tubula??es onde os minerais s?o ent?o separados. O presente trabalho consistiu na aquisi??o das geometrias externa e interna das dunas, de forma que ao final se pudesse montar um Modelo Est?tico 3D destes dep?sitos sedimentares, com ?nfase no comportamento do topo estrutural das rochas da Forma??o Barreiras (limite inferior da jazida). O conhecimento detalhado desta superf?cie ? de fundamental import?ncia na fase do planejamento da lavra pela empresa, visto que um erro de c?lculo pode fazer com que a draga trabalhe pr?ximo demais deste limite, correndo o risco de que fragmentos possam causar obstru??o na draga gerando um preju?zo financeiro tanto no reparo do equipamento como pelos dias parados de produ??o. Durante as etapas de campo (realizadas nos anos de 2006 e 2007) foram utilizadas t?cnicas de levantamentos topogr?ficos com Esta??o Total e GPS Geod?sico bem como aquisi??es geof?sicas rasas com GPR (Ground Penetrating Radar). Foram adquiridos aproximadamente 10,5Km de topografia e 10Km de perfis GPR. O GPS Geod?sico foi utilizado para o georreferenciamento dos dados e levantamento topogr?fico de uma linha transversal com 630m de extens?o na etapa de 2007. O GPR mostrou-se um m?todo confi?vel, ecologicamente limpo, de r?pida aquisi??o e com um baixo custo em rela??o a m?todos tradicionais como sondagens. A principal vantagem do uso deste equipamento ? obter uma informa??o cont?nua da superf?cie superior da Forma??o Barreiras. Os modelos est?ticos 3D foram elaborados a partir dos dados obtidos utilizando-se dois softwares espec?ficos para ambientes 3D: GoCAD 2.0.8 e o Datamine. A visualiza??o em ambiente 3D permite uma melhor compreens?o do comportamento da superf?cie do Barreiras bem como possibilita a execu??o de diversos tipos de medi??es, favorecendo assim uma melhor cubagem da jazida e permitindo que os procedimentos utilizados para extra??o mineral sejam utilizados com maior seguran?a

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-02-05T23:00:04Z No. of bitstreams: 1 LiviaDeLourdesDeSousaPinto_DISSERT.pdf: 1563914 bytes, checksum: afff2cde0e6703ffa7b4fae03c2036ac (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-02-16T22:03:58Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 LiviaDeLourdesDeSousaPinto_DISSERT.pdf: 1563914 bytes, checksum: afff2cde0e6703ffa7b4fae03c2036ac (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-02-16T22:03:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LiviaDeLourdesDeSousaPinto_DISSERT.pdf: 1563914 bytes, checksum: afff2cde0e6703ffa7b4fae03c2036ac (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-13 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Condroitim sulfato (CS) ? um glicosaminoglicano natural presente na matriz extracelular de tecidos conectivos, podendo ser extra?do e purificado desses tecidos. O CS est? envolvido em diversas fun??es biol?gicas, o que pode estar relacionado ? variabilidade estrutural que possui, apesar da simplicidade da cadeia linear dessa mol?cula. Pesquisas na ?rea biotecnol?gica e farmacol?gica com rejeitos provenientes da aquicultura vem sendo desenvolvidas no Brasil. Nas ?ltimas d?cadas, a til?pia (Oreochromis niloticus), peixe nativo da ?frica, tem sido uma das esp?cies mais cultivadas em v?rias regi?es do mundo, inclusive no Brasil. A tilapicultura ? uma atividade economica cujo principal inconveniente ? a grande quantidade de res?duos que s?o descartados pelos produtores. Entende-se que o material descartado pode ser aproveitado em pesquisas como fonte de mol?culas com importante aplica??o biotecnol?gica, o que tamb?m contribui na redu??o de impactos ambientais e favorece o desenvolvimento dessa atividade de maneira ecologicamente correta. Dessa forma, v?sceras de til?pias nil?tica foram submetidas ? prote?lise, em seguida os glicosaminoglicanos foram complexados com resina de troca i?nica (Lewatit), fracionados com volumes crescentes de acetona e purificados atrav?s da cromatografia de troca i?nica DEAE-Sephacel. Na sequ?ncia, a fra??o foi analisada atrav?s de eletroforese em gel de agarose e resson?ncia magn?tica nuclear (RMN). O perfil eletrofor?tico do composto, a an?lise dos espectros 1H de RMN e a correla??o do HSQC permitem afirmar que o composto corresponde a uma mol?cula de condroitim sulfato. O ensaio de MTT foi utilizado para avalia??o da viabilidade celular na presen?a do CS isolado de til?pia e mostrou que o composto n?o ? citot?xico a c?lulas normais provenientes do fibroblasto de embri?o de camundongos (3T3). Ent?o, o composto foi testado quanto a capacidade de reduzir o influxo de leuc?citos em modelo de peritonite aguda (in vivo) induzida por tioglicolato de s?dio. Nesse contexto, foi realizada a contagem total e diferencial de leuc?citos do sangue e l?quido peritoneal coletadas, respectivamente, da veia cava e do lavado peritoneal de cada animal submetido ao experimento. O condroitim sulfato, pela primeira vez isolado de til?pia (CST ), foi capaz de reduzir a migra??o de leuc?citos ? cavidade peritoneal de camundongos inflamados em at? 80,4% na dose de 10?g/kg. Os resultados mostram ainda que houve redu??o significativa (p<0,001) da popula??o de polimorfonucleares do lavado peritoneal nas tr?s doses testadas (0,1?g/kg; 1?g/kg e 10?g/kg) quando comparado ao controle positivo (apenas tioglicolato). Portanto, uma vez que a estrutura e o mecanismo de a??o do CST tenham sido totalmente elucidados, esse composto pode apresentar potencial para uso terap?utico em doen?as inflamat?rias. / Chondroitin sulfate (CS) is a naturally glycosaminoglycan found in the extracellular matrix of connective tissues and it may be extracted and purified those tissues. CS is involved in various biological functions, which may be related to the having structural variability, despite the simplicity of the linear chain structure from this molecule. Researches in biotechnology and pharmaceutical field with wastes from aquaculture has been developed in Brazil. In recent decades, tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), native fish from Africa, has been one of the most cultivated species in various regions of the world, including Brazil. The tilapia farming is a cost-effective activity, however, it generates large amount of wastes that are discarded by producers. It is understood that waste from tilapia can be used in research as a source of molecules with important biotechnological applications, which also helps in reducing environmental impacts and promote the development of an ecofriendly activity. Thus, nile tilapia viscera were subjected to proteolysis, then the glycosaminoglycans were complexed with ion exchange resin (Lewatit), it was fractionated with increasing volumes of acetone and purified by ion exchange chromatography DEAE-Sephacel. Further, the fraction was analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The electrophoretic profile of the compound together the analysis of 1H NMR spectra and the HSQC correlation allow to affirm that the compound corresponds to a molecule like chondroitin sulfate. MTT assay was used to assess cell viability in the presence of CS tilapia isolated and showed that the compound is not cytotoxic to normal cells such as cells from the mouse embryo fibroblast (3T3). Then, this compound was tested for the ability to reduce the influx of leukocytes in model of acute peritonitis (in vivo) induced by sodium thioglycolate. In this context, it was done total and differential leukocytes counting in the blood and peritoneal fluid collected respectively from vena cava and the peritoneal cavity of the animals subjected to the experiment. The chondroitin sulfate for the first time isolated from tilapia (CST ) was able to reduce the migration of leukocytes to the peritoneal cavity of inflamed mice until 80.4 per cent at a dose 10?g/kg. The results also show that there was a significant reduction (p<0.001) of the population of polymorphonuclear leukocytes from peritoneal cavity in the three tested doses (0.1?g/kg; 1?g/kg and 10?g/kg) when it was compared to the positive control (just thioglycolate). Therefore, since the CST structure and mechanism of action has been completely elucidated, this compound may have potential for therapeutic use in inflammatory diseases

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:57:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PedroASA.pdf: 2341637 bytes, checksum: 41d7ef8b8439d7c4717a137b88eb2df8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-03-26 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / Initially concentrated in some poles at the South and Southeast regions of Brazil, the ceramic tiles industry became wide during the 80 s decade, with a disconcentration industrial and regional pulverization. The competitiveness in the ceramic tiles internal and external consumers markets, it has debtor the industries to invest in sophisticated products each time more, either in design or the technology, but, mainly, in its final properties. Amongst the diverse types of ceramic coating, the porcelanato if has detached had to its process of technological production and excellent characteristics techniques. The Porcelanato is currently the material for coatings that presents the best technical and aesthetic features when compared with others ceramics found on the market. The chemical composition and the others raw materials characteristics have an importance that must to be ally to the inherent characteristics of fabrication process, essentially those related to the cycle of burning. This work had as purpose to develop formularizations of ceramic mass for production of porcelanato without glass coating, pertaining to the group BIa (text of absorption of water &#8804; 0.5%) and with resistance superior mechanics 35MPa from raw materials characterized. The ceramic raw materials selected to the development of this study (A1 and A2 clays, feldspate, talc and quartz) were submitted to the following tests: X-ray fluorescence - chemical analysis determination; X-ray diffraction - Analysis of the stages mineralogics; Laser granulometry - size distribution of particles; and Differential thermal analysis - thermal behavior. Were performed tests of absorption of water, lineal retraction of it burns, apparent specific mass and rupture tension the flexing. The results had evidenced that the formularizations that had the A1 clay and talc on its composition were efficient for the porcelanato production remaining their technological characteristics inside of the intervals of variation desired by the Norms of the ABNT / Inicialmente concentrada em alguns p?los de produ??o nas regi?es Sul e Sudeste do Brasil, a ind?stria de cer?mica para revestimento ampliou-se na d?cada de 80, com um processo de desconcentra??o industrial e pulveriza??o regional. A competitividade nos mercados consumidores interno e externo de revestimento cer?mico tem obrigado as ind?strias a investir em produtos cada vez mais sofisticados, seja no design ou na tecnologia, mas, principalmente, nas suas propriedades finais. Dentre os diversos tipos de revestimento cer?mico, o porcelanato tem se destacado devido ao seu processo de produ??o tecnol?gico e excelentes caracter?sticas t?cnicas. O porcelanato ? atualmente o material para revestimentos que apresenta as melhores caracter?sticas t?cnicas e est?ticas quando comparado com os demais materiais cer?micos encontradas no mercado. A composi??o qu?mica e demais caracter?sticas das mat?rias-primas assume uma import?ncia fundamental que deve ser aliada ?s caracter?sticas inerentes ao processo de fabrica??o, essencialmente aqueles relacionados com o ciclo de queima. Este trabalho teve como finalidade desenvolver formula??es de massa cer?mica para produ??o de porcelanato sem vidrado, pertencente ao grupo BIa (teor de absor??o de ?gua &#8804; 0,5%) e com resist?ncia mec?nica superior a 35 MPa a partir das mat?rias-primas caracterizadas. As mat?rias-primas cer?micas selecionadas para o desenvolvimento deste trabalho (argila A1, argila A2, caulim, feldspato, talco e quartzo) foram submetidas aos seguintes ensaios: fluoresc?ncia de raios X determina??o da an?lise qu?mica; difra??o de raios X an?lise das fases mineral?gicas; granulometria a laser distribui??o do tamanho de part?culas; e an?lise t?rmica diferencial comportamento t?rmico. Foram realizados ensaios de absor??o de ?gua, retra??o linear de queima, massa espec?fica aparente e tens?o de ruptura ? flex?o. Os resultados obtidos evidenciaram que as formula??es que cont?m a argila A1 e o talco em sua composi??o foram eficazes para a produ??o de porcelanato mantendo suas caracter?sticas tecnol?gicas dentro dos intervalos de varia??o desejadas pelas Normas da ABNT

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:58:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RogerioCAP_DISSERT.pdf: 2453474 bytes, checksum: fb99d0d9567bd4529ff9de7138566071 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-12-17 / The sector of civil construction is strongly related to the red ceramic industry. This sector uses clay as raw material for manufacturing of various products such as ceramic plates. In this study, two types of clay called clay 1 and clay 2 were collected on deposit in Ielmo Marinho city (RN) and then characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TG/DTG), differential thermal analysis (DTA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), rational analysis and particle size distribution and dilatometric analyses. Ceramic plates were manufactured by uniaxial pressing and by extrusion. The plates obtained by pressing were produced from the four formulations called 1, 2, 3 and 4, which presented, respectively, the following proportions by mass: 66.5% clay 1 and 33.5% clay 2, 50% clay 1 and 50% clay 2, 33.5% clay 1 and 66.5% clay 2, 25% clay 1 and 75% clay 2. After firing at 850, 950 and 1050 ?C with heating rate of 10 ?C/min and soaking time of 30 minutes, the following technological properties were determined: linear firing shrinkage, water absorption, apparent porosity, apparent specific mass and tensile strength (3 points). The formulation containing 25% clay 1 produced plates with most satisfactory results of water absorption and mechanical resistance, because of that it was chosen for manufacturing plates by extrusion. A single firing cycle was established for these plates, which took place as follow: heating rate of 2 ?C/min up to 600 ?C with soaking time of 60 minutes, followed by heating using the same rate up to 1050 ?C with soaking time of 30 minutes. After this cycle, the same technological properties investigated in the plates obtained by pressing were determined. The results indicate (according to NRB 13818/1997) that the plates obtained by pressing from the mixture containing 25 wt% clay 1, after firing at 1050 ?C, reach the specifications for semi-porous coating (BIIb). On the other hand, the plates obtained by extrusion were classified as semi-stoneware (group AIIa) / O setor de constru??o civil est? fortemente relacionado ? ind?stria de cer?mica. Esse setor utiliza a argila como mat?ria-prima para fabrica??o de diversos produtos como, por exemplo, placas cer?micas. Neste estudo, dois tipos de argila, que receberam a denomina??o de argila 1 e 2, foram coletados em jazida localizada no munic?pio de Ielmo Marinho (RN) e caracterizados por an?lise termogravim?trica (TG/DrTG), an?lise t?rmica diferencial (DTA), difratometria de raios X (DRX), fluoresc?ncia de raios X (FRX), an?lise racional e an?lises de distribui??o de tamanho de part?cula (DTP) e dilatom?trica (AD). Placas cer?micas foram fabricadas por prensagem uniaxial e extrus?o. As placas conformadas por prensagem foram produzidas a partir de quatro formula??es denominadas 1, 2, 3 e 4, as quais apresentavam, respectivamente, as seguintes propor??es em massa: 66,5 % de argila 1 e 33,5% de argila 2, 50% de argila 1 e 50% de argila 2, 33,5% de argila 1 e 66,5% de argila 2 e 25% de argila 1 e 75% de argila 2. Ap?s queima a 850, 950 e 1050 ?C, com taxa de aquecimento de 10 ?C/min e isoterma de 30 minutos, foram determinadas as seguintes propriedades tecnol?gicas: retra??o linear de queima, absor??o de ?gua, porosidade aparente, massa espec?fica aparente e tens?o de ruptura ? flex?o. A formula??o com 25% de argila 1 produziu placas com resultados mais satisfat?rios de absor??o de ?gua e resist?ncia mec?nica e desta forma foi a selecionada para conforma??o das placas por extrus?o. Um ?nico ciclo de queima foi estabelecido para essas placas, o qual ocorreu da seguinte forma: taxa de aquecimento de 2 ?C/min at? 600 ?C, com isoterma de 60 minutos, seguido de aquecimento a mesma taxa at? 1050 ?C, com isoterma de 30 minutos. Ap?s esse ciclo, foram determinadas as mesmas propriedades tecnol?gicas das placas conformadas por prensagem. Os resultados indicam, conforme a NBR 13818/1997, que as placas conformadas por prensagem a partir da formula??o contendo 25% em massa da argila 1, ap?s queima a 1050 ?C, atingem as especifica??es para revestimento semi-poroso (BIIb); e aquelas conformadas por extrus?o atendem ?s exig?ncias para serem classificadas como revestimento semi-gr?s (grupo AIIa)

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:58:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JulianaRMP_DISSERT.pdf: 1714227 bytes, checksum: 8cb7005a86931b335594250a74884834 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-09-27 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / Concern for the environment and the exploitation of natural resources has motivated the development of research in lignocellulosic materials, mainly from plant fibers. The major attraction of these materials include the fact that the fibers are biodegradable, they are a renewable natural resource, low cost and they usually produce less wear on equipment manufacturing when compared with synthetic fibers. Its applications are focused on the areas of technology, including automotive, aerospace, marine, civil, among others, due to the advantageous use in economic and ecological terms. Therefore, this study aims to characterize and analyze the properties of plant fiber macambira (bromelia laciniosa), which were obtained in the municipality of Ielmo Marino, in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, located in the region of the Wasteland Potiguar. The characterization of the fiber is given by SEM analysis, tensile test, TG, FTIR, chemical analysis, in addition to obtaining his title and density. The results showed that the extraction of the fibers, only 0.5% of the material is converted into fibers. The results for title and density were satisfactory when compared with other fibers of the same nature. Its structure is composed of microfibrils and its surface is roughened. The cross section has a non-uniform geometry, therefore, it is understood that its diameter is variable along the entire fiber. Values for tensile strength were lower than those of sisal fibers and curau?. The degradation temperature remained equivalent to the degradation temperatures of other vegetable fibers. In FTIR analysis showed that the heat treatment may be an alternative to making the fiber hydrophobic, since, at high temperature can remove the hemicellulose layer, responsible for moisture absorption. Its chemical constitution is endowed with elements of polar nature, so their moisture is around 8.5% which is equivalent to the percentage of moisture content of hydrophilic fibers. It can be concluded that the fiber macambira stands as an alternative materials from renewable sources and depending on the actual application and purpose, it may achieve satisfactory results / A preocupa??o com o meio ambiente e com o aproveitamento de recursos naturais tem motivado o desenvolvimento de pesquisas na ?rea de materiais lignocelul?sicos, principalmente de fibras vegetais. Os grandes atrativos desses materiais incluem o fato das fibras serem biodegrad?veis, serem um recurso natural renov?vel, terem geralmente baixo custo e produzirem menor desgaste nos equipamentos de fabrica??o quando comparadas com as fibras sint?ticas. Suas aplica??es est?o voltadas para a ?rea tecnol?gica, incluindo ind?strias automotiva, aeroespacial, naval, civil entre outras, devido ao uso vantajoso em termos econ?micos e ecol?gicos. Portanto, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo caracterizar e analisar as propriedades da fibra vegetal macambira (bromelia laciniosa), cuja foram obtidas no munic?pio de Ielmo Marinho, no estado do Rio Grande do Norte, situado na regi?o do Agreste Potiguar. A caracteriza??o da fibra se deu pelas an?lises de Microscopia Eletr?nica de Varredura (MEV), ensaio de tra??o, Termogravimetria (TG), Espectroscopia no Infravermelho por Transformada de Fourier (FTIR), an?lise qu?mica, al?m da obten??o de sua densidade linear. Os resultados mostraram que na extra??o das fibras, apenas 0,5% do material ? convertido em fibras. Os resultados para densidade foram satisfat?rios quando comparados com outras fibras de mesma natureza. Sua estrutura ? constitu?da por microfibrilas e sua superf?cie ? rugosa. A se??o transversal n?o apresenta uma geometria uniforme, portanto, entende-se que seu di?metro ? vari?vel ao longo de toda fibra. Os valores para resist?ncia a tra??o foram inferiores aos de outras fibras lignocelul?sicas. A temperatura de degrada??o permaneceu equivalente ?s temperaturas de degrada??o das demais fibras vegetais. Na an?lise de FTIR, mostrou-se que o tratamento t?rmico pode provocar um rompimento das mol?culas. O percentual Regain confirmou-se em 8,5%. Pode-se concluir que a fibra de macambira destaca-se como mais uma alternativa dentre os materiais de fontes renov?veis e dependendo da sua real aplica??o e finalidade, a mesma pode alcan?ar resultados satisfat?rios

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:18:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 IvandilsonPPM.pdf: 2514597 bytes, checksum: 43b19b0aeeca04f9d3f3a1defc9d82cc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-02-26 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / Brazil is one of the major centers of diversity for polyploid cotton plants; these plants belong to the genus Gossypium, which has three known species: G. hirsutum, G. barbadense and G. mustelinum. The Northeast is the only region where the three species occur, the last group being endemic. Northeast s cotton plants can be important sources of variability for genetic breeding. It is believed that great part of local diversity is being lost, due to economic, political, cultural and agricultural problems. In an attempt to mitigate this loss and delineate conservation strategies it is necessary to know how the species are found where they occur. The objective was to characterize and determine how plants are maintained in situ in the states of Maranh?o, Piau?, Cear?, Rio Grande do Norte and Para?ba at the beginning of the XXI century. The in situ characterization of G. hirsutum and G. barbadense was conducted through structured interviews with the cotton plants owners and through the analysis of the environment. The data were collected during expeditions undertaken between the years 2004 to 2005. Twenty-two plants were collected in the state of Para?ba, forty-four in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, one hundred and forty-six in the state of Cear?, forty in the state of Maranh?o and ninety-one plants in the state of Piau?. All plants collected in the states of Para?ba and Rio Grande do Norte belonged to moco type. Moco cotton plants also predominated in the other states, representing 92%, 62% and 78% of plants collected in Cear?, Piau? and Maranh?o, respectively. The other cotton plants collected belong to the species G. barbadense. The cotton plants were found in situ as dooryard plants, roads side, feral populations, cultivation or local varieties. Great part were dooryard plants (45.2%), being major in Piau? and Maranh?o. Cultivation predominated in Cear?; in Rio Grande do Norte feral populations were the most frequent and, in Para?ba, local varieties. The maintenance of moco plants is related, mainly, to the phytotherapic domestic use (20.9%) and to confection of lamp wicks (29.7%). Few inhabitants in Para?ba, Rio Grande do Norte, Piau? and none in Maranh?o used harvest the plants, storage the seeds or gin; however, in Cear?, 40.5% of owners affirmed that they harvested and commercialized the fiber. It was found that the maintenance of species is dependent of the fragile cultural habits of local inhabitants, therefore the maintenance in situ is not a suitable way to conservation of genetic resources. The efforts must be directed to the continuity of collections, maintenance and characterization ex situ / O Brasil ? um dos importantes centros de diversidade de algodoeiros polipl?ides pertencente ao g?nero Gossypium, com 3 esp?cies conhecidas: G. hirsutum, G. barbadense e G. mustelinum. O Nordeste ? a ?nica regi?o com ocorr?ncia das tr?s esp?cies, sendo a ?ltima end?mica. Os algodoeiros desta regi?o podem ser fontes importantes de variabilidade para o melhoramento gen?tico. Acredita-se que grande parte da diversidade local esteja sendo perdida, devido a problemas econ?micos, pol?ticos, culturais e agr?colas. Na tentativa de mitigar tal perda e delinear estrat?gias de conserva??o ? necess?rio conhecer como as esp?cies se encontram no local em que ocorrem. Objetivou-se caracterizar e determinar o modo com que as plantas s?o mantidas in situ nos estados do Maranh?o, Piau?, Cear?, Rio Grande do Norte e Para?ba no inicio do s?culo XXI. A caracteriza??o in situ de G. hirsutum e G. barbadense foi realizada por meio de entrevista estruturada com o propriet?rio e pela an?lise do ambiente. Os dados foram tomados durante expedi??es empreendidas entre os anos de 2004 a 2005. Foram coletadas 22 plantas no estado da Para?ba, 44 no estado do Rio Grande do Norte, 146 no estado do Cear?, 40 no estado do Maranh?o e 91 plantas no estado do Piau?. Todas as plantas coletadas nos estados da Para?ba e Rio Grande do Norte eram do tipo moc?. O algodoeiro moc? tamb?m predominou nos demais estados, representando 92%, 62% e 78% das plantas coletadas no Cear?, Piau? e Maranh?o, respectivamente. Os demais algodoeiros coletados pertencem a esp?cie G. barbadense. Os algodoeiros moc?s foram encontrados in situ na forma de planta de fundo de quintal, beira de estrada, feral, lavoura, variedade local. Em grande parte eram do tipo fundo de quintal (45,2%), sendo maioria no Piau? e Maranh?o. No Cear? predominou o tipo lavoura, no Rio Grande do Norte tipo feral e na Para?ba variedades locais. A manuten??o das plantas do tipo moc? est? ligada, principalmente, ao uso dom?stico fitoter?pico (20,9%) e confec??o de pavios para candeeiro (29,7%). Poucos moradores na Para?ba, Rio Grande do Norte, Piau? e nenhum no Maranh?o apresentaram o h?bito de realizar a colheita, armazenamento e beneficiamento das sementes, entretanto no Cear? 40,5% dos propriet?rios afirmaram realizar a colheita e comercializar a fibra. Verificou-se que a manuten??o da esp?cie ? dependente dos fr?geis h?bitos culturais da popula??o local, portanto a manuten??o in situ n?o ? um meio adequado ? conserva??o dos recursos gen?ticos. Os esfor?os devem ser direcionados para a continuidade das coletas, caracteriza??o e manuten??o ex situ

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2018-01-23T14:20:40Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ZulmarJofliDosSantosJunior_TESE.pdf: 3964236 bytes, checksum: 3b3bfc71a2c718ffc333877fed25c592 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2018-01-25T11:00:02Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ZulmarJofliDosSantosJunior_TESE.pdf: 3964236 bytes, checksum: 3b3bfc71a2c718ffc333877fed25c592 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-25T11:00:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ZulmarJofliDosSantosJunior_TESE.pdf: 3964236 bytes, checksum: 3b3bfc71a2c718ffc333877fed25c592 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-31 / As quest?es ambientais v?m provocando discuss?es entre v?rios atores sociais compostos por grupos de ativistas, ambientalistas, pol?ticos, cientistas, pesquisadores, discentes, institui??es p?blicas e privadas. Dentro deste universo o presente trabalho prop?ese a obter e caracterizar um comp?sito de matriz de resina Poli?ster Ortoft?lica com carga de refor?o/ enchimento de fibra vegetal da esp?cie Agave Angustifolia Haw na propor??o de 5%, 7,5% e 10% em massa em rela??o ? matriz. Foram fabricadas mantas de fibra da agave para tr?s formula??es e, para a obten??o do comp?sito, utilizou-se o processo de prensagem a frio. As mantas de agave, intercaladas com a resina, foram colocadas no molde com orienta??es defasadas de 90? entre as mesmas e pesando 5g cada. Os corpos de prova das formula??es dos comp?sitos foram fabricados em molde fechado, baseados em normas espec?ficas e foram submetidos a ciclos de ensaios mec?nicos, t?rmicos, f?sicos e qu?micos. Sendo determinadas as resist?ncias mec?nicas a tra??o, flex?o, impacto, propriedades termof?sicas, a densidade, a absor??o de ?gua doce e salgada, e a composi??o qu?mica atrav?s da Espectrometria de Fluoresc?ncia de Raios X (FRX). Provou-se a viabilidade de obten??o do comp?sito para todas as formula??es estudadas. A formula??o mecanicamente mais vi?vel foi a de 10% de fibra de Agave Angustifolia Haw. Todas as formula??es apresentaram resist?ncias mec?nicas ? tra??o e ao impacto superiores ? da resina matriz, traduzindo uma fun??o de carga de refor?o da fibra de Agave utilizada. As fibras comportaram-se como carga de enchimento quando todas as suas formula??es apresentaram resist?ncias mec?nicas a flex?o inferior ? da resina matriz. / Environmental issues have raised discussions among several social agents such as activists, ambietalists, politicians, scientists, professors and both private and public institutions. Within this scope, this paper aims to develop and carachterize an Orthophthalic Polyester resin matrix composite with reinforcing / filling load of vegetable fiber of the species Agave Angustifolia Haw in the proportion of 5%, 7.5% and 10% in mass comparing to the matrix. Agave fiber blankets were made for three formulations and, to obtain the composite, the cold pressing process was used. The agave blankets, intercalated with the resin, were placed in the template with 90? lagged orientations between them and weighing 5g each. The test specimens of the composite formulations were fabricated in a closed mould, based on specific standards and subjected to mechanical, thermal, physical and chemical test cycles. The tensile strength, flexural strength, impact, thermophysical properties, density, freshwater and saltwater absorption, and chemical composition are determined by X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry (FRX). The feasibility of obtaining the composite was tested for all formulations studied. The mechanically most viable formulation was the one composed by 10% Agave Angustifolia Haw fiber. All the formulations had higher tensile and impact strength than the matrix resin, leading to a reinforcing load function of the Agave fiber used. The fibers behaved as fillers when all of their formulations presented mechanical strength at lower flexion than the matrix resin.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-06-02T19:56:11Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ThalesCainaDosSantosBarbalho_DISSERT.pdf: 2221282 bytes, checksum: 60bd136f4a99dbfa4f8a87c6140abe71 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-06-06T21:05:02Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ThalesCainaDosSantosBarbalho_DISSERT.pdf: 2221282 bytes, checksum: 60bd136f4a99dbfa4f8a87c6140abe71 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-06T21:05:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ThalesCainaDosSantosBarbalho_DISSERT.pdf: 2221282 bytes, checksum: 60bd136f4a99dbfa4f8a87c6140abe71 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-17 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / O presente trabalho teve como objetivo fazer a caracteriza??o anal?tica de propriedades termodin?micas de amostras de petr?leo, afim de se desenvolver uma metodologia computacional com o intuito de determinar a composi??o e as propriedades cr?ticas dos pseudo-componentes presentes nas fra??es das amostras analisadas, que foram denominadas de condensado de g?s (CG) e fra??o de petr?leo leve (FPL). A massa espec?fica foi mensurada utilizando picnometria. Para tanto foi utilizado uma manta termost?tica para o aquecimento e um term?metro para o acompanhamento da temperatura. As fra??es destiladas foram recolhidas ap?s passarem por um condensador (20 ?C), sendo registrado a temperatura de ebuli??o e a massa espec?fica tamb?m por picnometria. Com isso, foi poss?vel calcular a massa molecular utilizando a correla??o de Riazi-Daubert, bem como a temperatura e a press?o cr?tica usando as correla??es de Lee-Kesler e o fator ac?ntrico a partir da correla??o de Edmister, de cada pseudo-componente. Para a valida??o da caracteriza??o, foram realizados experimentos de press?o de bolha com a amostra em uma c?lula de equil?brio na qual ? poss?vel aplicar o m?todo visual e da c?mara de expans?o, em condi??es espec?ficas de concentra??o molar (20 ? 60 % de amostra) e temperatura (30 ? 120 ?C). Os resultados obtidos foram comparados com os simulados pelo software SPECS v5.63. Para os sistemas envolvendo CO2-CG os erros calculados foram, em m?dia, de 4,5, 4,8 e 3,7 %, respectivamente para as equa??es de estado SRK, PR e ALS, enquanto que para os sistemas CO2-FPL esses valores foram, em m?dia, de 7,5, 4,6 e 2,6 %, respectivamente para as mesmas equa??es de estado. Podemos concluir, que os objetivos atingidos foram alcan?ados e a metodologia empregada teve um desempenho satisfat?rio para descrever a amostra estudada, podendo ser aplicada a diferentes amostras de petr?leo para fins de caracteriza??o / The aim of this work was to analyze the thermodynamic properties of petroleum samples in order to develop a computational methodology to determine the composition and critical properties of the pseudo-components present in the fractions of the analyzed samples. of gas condensate (CG) and light petroleum fraction (FPL). The density was measured using pycnometry. For this purpose, a thermostatic heating mantle and a thermometer were used to monitor the temperature. The distilled fractions were collected after passing through a condenser (20 ?C), the boiling temperature and density being also recorded by pycnometry. Thus, it was possible to calculate the molecular mass using the Riazi-Daubert correlation as well as the temperature and critical pressure using the Lee-Kesler correlations and the acentric factor from the Edmister correlation of each pseudo-component. For the validation of the characterization, bubble pressure experiments were performed with the sample in an equilibrium cell in which it is possible to apply the visual method and the expansion chamber, under specific conditions of molar concentration (20 ? 60 % of sample) and temperature (30 - 120 ?C). The results obtained were compared with those simulated by SPECS v5.63 software. For the systems involving CO2-CG, the calculated errors averaged were 4,5, 4,8 and 3,7 %, respectively for SRK, PR and ALS equations, while for CO2- FPL values were, on average, 7,5, 4,6 and 2,6 %, respectively, for the same state equations. It can be concluded that the present work had the objectives reached and that the methodology used had a satisfactory performance to describe the studied sample, being able to be applied to different petroleum samples for characterization purposes

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-08-01T13:42:41Z No. of bitstreams: 1 WalterFerreiraDaSilvaJunior_DISSERT.pdf: 3681902 bytes, checksum: c77d069eecf2bb854fb8c1277fa8cd8c (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-08-07T12:31:10Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 WalterFerreiraDaSilvaJunior_DISSERT.pdf: 3681902 bytes, checksum: c77d069eecf2bb854fb8c1277fa8cd8c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-07T12:31:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 WalterFerreiraDaSilvaJunior_DISSERT.pdf: 3681902 bytes, checksum: c77d069eecf2bb854fb8c1277fa8cd8c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-05-31 / ?, ? amirina (ABAM) ? uma mistura natural de triterpenos pentac?clicos que possui v?rias atividades biol?gicas, incluindo o efeito anti-inflamat?rio. ? isolada das esp?cies da fam?lia Burseraceae, nas quais a esp?cie Protium heptaphyllum ? a esp?cie mais comumente encontrada na Amaz?nia brasileira. A forma??o de complexo de inclus?o (CI) com a ciclodextrina (CD) e dispers?es s?lidas (DS) com pol?meros hidrof?licos t?m sido aplicadas como alternativas para resolver algumas limita??es que novas entidades qu?micas (NEQ) t?m em comum, principalmente a baixa solubilidade em meios aquosos. Ent?o, o objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver CI?s da ABAM (ABAM) com a ?-ciclodextrina (?CD) e com a hidroxipropil-?-ciclodextrina (HP?CD) e DS com a hidroximetilcelulose (HPMC), polietilenoglicol (PEG 6000) e a polivinilpirrolidona (PVP k-30) a fim de melhoras suas propriedades f?sico-qu?mica para torna-la vi?vel numa futura formula??o. Inicialmente, para os CI, foram realizados estudos te?ricos computacionais nos quais foram calculadas as energias de intera??o entre a ?CD e a ABAM e HP?CD e ABAM. Em seguida, foram desenvolvidos os CI?s com ?CD e HP?CD pelos m?todos de mistura f?sica (MF) e malaxagem (MAL). Foi realizada a caracteriza??o f?sico-qu?mica dos CI atrav?s de espectroscopia de infravermelho com transformada Fourier (FTIR), microscopia eletr?nica de varredura (MEV), difra??o de raio-X de p? (DRX), an?lise termogravim?trica (ATG) e calorimetria explorat?ria diferencial (DSC). As DS foram obtidas atrav?s da MF, MAL e RE com o HPMC, PEG e o PVP. Foram utilizadas as mesmas t?cnicas de caracteriza??o que foram realizadas para os CI. Al?m da caracteriza??o para as DS, realizou-se a atividade anti-inflamat?ria in vitro e foram comparadas em rela??o ? suas atividades anti-inflamat?rias com a ABAM. Os estudos de caracteriza??o mostraram a forma??o de CI entre a ABAM e as CD e a forma??o de dispers?es s?lidas entre a ABAM e os pol?meros hidrof?licos. No ensaio de atividade das DS, verificou-se que comparando o efeito, mesma dose da ABAM e mesma dose da DS, tanto as DS quanto a ABAM tiveram atividade anti-inflamat?ria sobre macr?fagos ativados por LPS. Portanto, as DS e CI com ABAM s?o alternativas eficazes para modificar suas caracter?sticas, melhorando propriedades que possam interferir numa futura formula??o terap?utica. / ?, ? amyrin (ABAM) is a natural mixture of triterpenes pentacyclis which has various biological activities, including the anti-inflammatory effect. Are isolated from the species in the family Burseraceae, in which the species Protium heptaphyllum is more commonly found in the brazilian Amazon. The inclusion complexes formation (IC) with the cyclodextrin (CD) and solid dispersions (SD) with hydrophilic polymers have been applied as alternatives to solve some limitations that new chemical entities (NCE) have in common, mainly the low solubility in aqueous environments. So, the objective of this work was to develop IC's the ABAM (ABAM) with ?-cyclodextrin (?CD) and hydroxypropyl-?-cyclodextrin (HP?CD) and SD with the hidroximetilcelulose (HPMC), polyethylene glycol (PEG 6000) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP-30 k). Initially, for the IC, computational theoretical studies were carried out in which interaction energies were calculated between the ?CD and the ABAM and HP?CD and ABAM. Then, the IC's have been developed with ?CD and HP?CD by mixing physical methods (MF) and kneading (KND). The physical and chemical characterization of IC's using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), x-ray diffraction (DRX), thermogravimetric analysis (TG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The DS were obtained through the MF, KND and RE with HPMC, PEG and the PVP. Held the same characterization techniques that were held for the IC. Beyond characterization to the DS, the anti-inflammatory activity in vitro and were compared with respect to their anti-inflammatory activities with the ABAM. The characterization studies showed the formation of CI between the ABAM and the CD and the formation of solid dispersions between the ABAM and hydrophilic polymers. In the activity of DS, it was found that comparing the effect, the same dose of ABAM and same dose of the DS, the DS as the ABAM had anti-inflammatory activity on macrophages activated by LPS. Therefore, the DS and CI with ABAM are effective alternatives to modify their characteristics, improving properties that may interfere in a future therapeutic formulation.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T19:39:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2007- Liamara Perin.pdf: 5126010 bytes, checksum: 0973e83f604e8d397ec95ef00c19da99 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-02-15 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / The sugarcane crop in Brazil occupies almost six million hectares and it is economically important for the generation of jobs and energy production. Among the Poaceas species, it is the crop that receives more contributions from the biological nitrogen fixation, however until this moment it is unknown what organisms are responsible for the best results observed. Innumerable genuses of diazotrophic bacteria were found in association with sugarcane, among them the genus Burkholderia. However little is known about this genus in association with sugarcane. The objective of this study was to isolate and to characterize diazotrophic Burkholderia bacteria in association with sugarcane, and to describe a new species of diazotrophic Burkholderia bacteria. For that, samples of plants were collected in four crop areas, in different Brazilian states, for counting and isolating the bacteria community using the culture medias LGI and JMV. The isolates were characterized physiological, morphologically and molecularly. Sixty-four Burkholderia diazotrophic isolates were gotten that presented versatile metabolism, and the majority differing from the analyzed species patterns. Only five isolates were identified by the ARDRA technique, two belonging to B. tropica species and three to B. unamae. A big group, with 32 isolates, presented the same restriction profile by the ARDRA technique and differed from the analyzed species. The sequencing of the 16S rDNA region of two of these isolates showed that they don t belong to the already described species. This group, from sugarcane plants together with similar maize and pineapple isolates, was described as a new species named B. silvatlantica. The characterization of this new Burkholderia specie was confirmed by the hybridization DNA: DNA technique, presenting only 30% of similarity with the closest species, and the sequencing of the 16S rDNA region. B. Silvatlantica fixed nitrogen in microaerophilic conditions, and it had no capacity of inorganic phosphate solubilization, it did not produce vegetal hormones and had no nodulation capacity in leguminous. These results confirmed that Burkholderia is a rich genus in diazotrophics species and colonize different habitats. / A cultura da cana-de-a??car no Brasil ocupa mais de seis milh?es de hectares sendo importante economicamente pela gera??o de empregos e bastante promissora para a produ??o de energia. Dentre as Poaceas (gram?neas), ? a cultura que mais recebe contribui??es da fixa??o biol?gica de nitrog?nio, por?m ainda n?o se sabe ou n?o se conhece qual ou quais organismos s?o respons?veis pelos melhores resultados observados. In?meros g?neros de bact?rias diazotr?ficas foram encontrados em associa??o com cana-de-a??car, dentre eles o g?nero Burkholderia, at? o momento pouco estudado em associa??o com esta cultura. O objetivo deste estudo foi isolar e caracterizar bact?rias diazotr?ficas do g?nero Burkholderia em associa??o com cana-de-a??car e descrever uma nova esp?cie de bact?ria diazotr?fica do g?nero Burkholderia. Para tal, foram coletadas amostras de plantas em canaviais de quatro estados brasileiros para contagem e isolamento da comunidade de bact?rias utilizando os meios de cultura LGI e JMV. Os isolados foram caracterizados fisiologicamente, morfologicamente e molecularmente. Foram obtidos 64 isolados diazotr?ficos do g?nero Burkholderia, que apresentaram metabolismo vers?til e diferiram dos padr?es das esp?cies analisadas. Apenas cinco isolados foram identificados pela t?cnica de ARDRA, dois pertenceram a esp?cie B. tropica e tr?s a B. unamae. Um grande grupo, com 32 isolados, apresentou mesmo perfil de restri??o pela t?cnica de ARDRA e diferiu das esp?cies analisadas. O sequ?nciamento da regi?o 16S rDNA de dois destes isolados mostrou que eles n?o pertencem ?s esp?cies j? descritas. Este grupo obtido de plantas de cana-de-a??car, juntamente com isolados similares, obtidos de milho e abacaxi, foi descrito como uma nova esp?cie de nome B. silvatlantica. A nova esp?cie de Burkholderia foi confirmada pelos experimentos de hibridiza??o DNA:DNA, com apenas 30% de similaridade com a esp?cie mais pr?xima. B. silvatlantica fixou nitrog?nio em condi??es microaerof?licas, n?o apresentou capacidade de solubiliza??o de fosfato inorg?nico, n?o produziu horm?nios vegetais e n?o apresentou capacidade de nodula??o em leguminosas. Estes resultados confirmaram que o g?nero Burkholderia ? rico em esp?cies diazotr?ficas e est?o presentes em diferentes habitats.