Thesis (Ph.D.) - University of Glasgow, 2008. / Ph.D. thesis submitted to the Faculty of Education, Department of Religious Education and the Department of Educational Studies, University of Glasgow, 2008. Includes bibliographical references. Print version also available.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Catholic University of America, 1927. / Vita. Bibliography: p. 55-56.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Catholic University of America, 1927. / Vita. Bibliography: p. 55-56.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2007. / Full text release at OhioLINK's ETD Center delayed at author's request

This dissertation is looking at quilombo grassroots land and identity politics as they transpire in a compound of Black rural communities in the north of the state of Maranhão, Brazil. One of the main questions this thesis asks is: How do communities mobilise resources in defence of their territories when formal means of establishing land claims have been exhausted? Based on ethnographic research conducted over fifteen months my analysis delves into strategies employed by peasant groups for the assertion of their collective land ownership. This assertion taps into specific ethno-racial legislation and it is especially directed towards Evangelical Christians, whom the majority of Catholic quilombola residents regard as their territorial and religious antagonists. This thesis's broadest argument is that this territorial defence mainly materialises through two streams of action: religious and cultural grassroots activism. It is argued that creative uses and articulations of cultural and religious practices, and the creation of a network of alliances, transpire as the most relevant means of 'informal' community politics. More specifically, I argue that local ceramic production (intrinsically attached to notions of a 'quilombo heritage') and religious festivities in honour of the local patron saint contribute to the preservation of a specific quilombo territoriality. In the ethnographic context examined, this territoriality is inherently attached to popular Catholicism and notions of quilombola cultural identity. Employing approaches from agrarian, peasant politics, quilombo, and heritage studies, this dissertation seeks to illuminate the dynamic relation between local perceptions of land and territoriality in the 'lands of Santa Teresa'. Overall, this thesis aims at contributing to those studies that explore the diversity and creativity of politics 'from below'.

Orientador: Teresa Maria Malatian / Banca: Rodrigo Patto Sá Motta / Banca: Ivan Aparecido Manoel / Resumo: O cerne desta proposta é o estudo do anticomunismo católico no Brasil, privilegiando como marco temporal o período 1935-1937. Para tanto, pretende-se apresentar algumas reflexões advindas de leituras teóricas que contemplam o eixo temático religião e política articuladas com a análise qualitativa da produção de artigos/matérias veiculados pelo periódico católico O Santuário e pela revista A Ordem, sobretudo com relação à "Intentona Comunista", ao regime comunista na Rússia e ao advento da Guerra Civil Espanhola. Dito isto, o objetivo deste trabalho é resgatar, ainda que parcialmente, a construção do discurso anticomunista católico, percebendo suas nuances na maneira de "retratar" o comunismo e/ou comunistas. Ademais, parte integrante deste trabalho consiste em estudar e entender o fenômeno do "engajamento" político da Igreja no Brasil / Abstract: The core of this proposal is the study of the Catholic anti-Communism in Brazil, having as temporal boundary the period between 1935 and 1937. For this matter, it is intended to present some thoughts which are originated from theoretical readings that consider religion and politics as the thematic axis and are articulated with the qualitative analysis of essays and stories production published by the Catholic journal O Santuário and the magazine A Ordem, mostly in relation to the "Communist Uprising", the Russian Communist regime and the Spanish Civil War advent. By that, the aim of this work is to disentangle, even if a limited part, the Catholic anti-Communism speech construction, cognizing its nuances in the way they "delineated" Communism and/or the Communists. Furthermore, part of this work also aims to study and understand the political "engagement" phenomenon of the Brazilian Catholic Church / Mestre

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / In this research is listed some of the changings that occurred in Congregation Our Lady of Sion, mainly the changings that have a close relation with the behaviour that is practiced and presented by the Congregation. The aim, while the research was being done, was to perceive if the aproximation of the sisters to Judaism had modified their religious practices and, by extension, the practices of the people that interact socialy with them. It was also observed that the Congregation had a declive in the noviciate due to social transformations occurred in the 60 s and 70 s of last century. These two decades influenced not only the noviciate of the Congregation, the way to manifest yourself religiously was profoundly alterated, in other words, the religious habitus of the congregation shows that, like in other religious segments, is possible to have an official vinculation with Catholic Church and complement it with caracters from other tradition, in this case, the Judaism. At last, in the search to understand the identity of the sisters it was verified that there is a concern about to affirm themselves as catholic, however the identity shown is marked by the jewish tradition, or a hybrid identity. / Nesta pesquisa estão arroladas algumas das mudanças ocorridas na Congregação Nossa Senhora de Sion, principalmente aquelas que têm estreita relação com o comportamento religioso praticado e apresentado pela Congregação. O intuito, durante a pesquisa, era perceber se a aproximação das freiras ao Judaísmo tinha alterado suas práticas e, por extensão, as práticas dos indivíduos que interagem socialmente com a Congregação. Foi observado também que a Congregação teve um declínio expressivo no noviciado devido às transformações sociais ocorridas após as décadas de 60 e 70 do século passado. Estas duas décadas influenciaram não somente ao noviciado da Congregação, a maneira de se manifestar religiosamente também foi profundamente alterada, em outras palavras, o habitus religioso da Congregação demonstra que esta, assim como em outros segmentos religiosos, é possível ter uma vinculação oficial ao Catolicismo e complementá-lo com aspectos de outra tradição, neste caso o Judaísmo. Por fim, na busca de compreender a identidade das freiras se verificou que há uma preocupação constante das freiras em afirmarem-se somente como Católicas, porém a identidade demonstrada é marcada pela tradição judaica, ou seja, uma identidade híbrida.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / In this research is listed some of the changings that occurred in Congregation Our Lady of Sion, mainly the changings that have a close relation with the behaviour that is practiced and presented by the Congregation. The aim, while the research was being done, was to perceive if the aproximation of the sisters to Judaism had modified their religious practices and, by extension, the practices of the people that interact socialy with them. It was also observed that the Congregation had a declive in the noviciate due to social transformations occurred in the 60 s and 70 s of last century. These two decades influenced not only the noviciate of the Congregation, the way to manifest yourself religiously was profoundly alterated, in other words, the religious habitus of the congregation shows that, like in other religious segments, is possible to have an official vinculation with Catholic Church and complement it with caracters from other tradition, in this case, the Judaism. At last, in the search to understand the identity of the sisters it was verified that there is a concern about to affirm themselves as catholic, however the identity shown is marked by the jewish tradition, or a hybrid identity. / Nesta pesquisa estão arroladas algumas das mudanças ocorridas na Congregação Nossa Senhora de Sion, principalmente aquelas que têm estreita relação com o comportamento religioso praticado e apresentado pela Congregação. O intuito, durante a pesquisa, era perceber se a aproximação das freiras ao Judaísmo tinha alterado suas práticas e, por extensão, as práticas dos indivíduos que interagem socialmente com a Congregação. Foi observado também que a Congregação teve um declínio expressivo no noviciado devido às transformações sociais ocorridas após as décadas de 60 e 70 do século passado. Estas duas décadas influenciaram não somente ao noviciado da Congregação, a maneira de se manifestar religiosamente também foi profundamente alterada, em outras palavras, o habitus religioso da Congregação demonstra que esta, assim como em outros segmentos religiosos, é possível ter uma vinculação oficial ao Catolicismo e complementá-lo com aspectos de outra tradição, neste caso o Judaísmo. Por fim, na busca de compreender a identidade das freiras se verificou que há uma preocupação constante das freiras em afirmarem-se somente como Católicas, porém a identidade demonstrada é marcada pela tradição judaica, ou seja, uma identidade híbrida.

This dissertation examines the fortunes of two families of the territorial nobility in Paderborn, the barons (Freiherren) of Büren, and the baronets (Adelherren) of Fürstenberg. In doing so, it provides a paradigm for understanding the history of the territory over the course of the period 1550–1650. In contrast to their contemporaries in southern Germany, the nobles of Westphalia, the area of Germany in which Paderborn is located, are relatively under-studied. My research indicates that this area, with its myriad small territories and relative power vacuum, was also a microcosm for the political developments of the Holy Roman Empire. In studying these families, the culture of politics in the early modern Empire is illuminated. This dissertation is arranged thematically, where each chapter uses an incident in this territory to discuss a broad theme. My first chapter discusses the development of a significant party of Protestant nobles in Paderborn, and discusses the creation and reinforcement of noble identity. Particular attention is paid to the cultures of noble friendships and patronage. The political usefulness of the feud is also discussed. The second chapter examines a case of two conversions. Elisabeth von Büren, a recently-widowed Calvinist noblewoman, converted from Protestantism to Catholicism because of her increasingly difficult social and political situation. In contrast, her son Moritz experienced an internal conversion that led him to join the Jesuit order, an act that in time resulted in the extinction of this family. This chapter discusses not only the motivations for each conversion, but also the political uses of these converts, and their conversion narratives. The third chapter follows the political fortunes of two brothers, Kaspar and Dietrich von Fürstenberg. Due to his vocal alliance to the Catholic faction in Paderborn, Dietrich, who was a priest, was able to become an imperial prince. His brother, Kaspar, who was the head of the family, not only benefited from this rise in status, but also had to change his sexual practices in response to his family's increased notoriety. This chapter discusses the effects of the Counter-Reformation in Paderborn in both the public and private spheres. The fourth chapter discusses the descendant of these two men, Ferdinand von Fürstenberg. Thanks to his connections and the political realities in Westphalia after the Thirty Years' War, Ferdinand was able not only to become the prince-bishop of Paderborn, but also to enact administrative reform in the rural parishes and employ irenicism, a proto-secularist philosophy, as an aspect of his foreign policy. Ferdinand's patronage networks are analyzed in the context of post 1648 elite intellectual and cultural life. The last two chapters concentrate on the physical legacy of the two Fürstenberg bishops previously discussed. The fifth chapter discusses the "Reformation of the Landscape" enacted through the building programs of these two bishops. Through the building and decoration of monumental structures, the two bishops helped to impose a Catholic order on the countryside, and erase the signs of the previous, defeated Protestant faction. The final chapter discusses the funerary monuments of the family from which these two bishops came. Although they are scattered throughout the region, the funerary monuments of this family form a coherent propagandistic message, intended to promote their majesty, nobility and Catholicism.

Employing the concepts of lifeworld (Lebenswelt) and system as primarily discussed by Edmund Husserl and Jürgen Habermas, this dissertation argues that the lifeworlds of Anglo-Indian and Goan Catholics in the Greater Toronto Area have permitted members of these communities to relatively easily understand, interact with and manoeuvre through Canada’s democratic, individualistic and market-driven system. Suggesting that the Catholic faith serves as a multi-dimensional primary lens for Canadian Goan and Anglo-Indians, this sociological ethnography explores how religion has and continues affect their identity as diasporic post-colonial communities. Modifying key elements of traditional Indian culture to reflect their Catholic beliefs, these migrants consider their faith to be the very backdrop upon which their life experiences render meaningful. Through systematic qualitative case studies, I uncover how these individuals have successfully maintained a sense of security and ethnic pride amidst the myriad cultures and religions found in Canada’s multicultural society. Oscillating between the fuzzy boundaries of the Indian traditional and North American liberal worlds, Anglo-Indians and Goans attribute their achievements to their open-minded Westernized upbringing, their traditional Indian roots and their Catholic-centred principles effectively making them, in their opinions, admirable models of accommodation to Canada’s system.