Anställdas motstånd mot interna förändringsprojekt är ett stort hinder som kan påverka framgången hos en förändringssatsning i en organisation (Zwick 2002). Med detta i åtanke kan organisationsansvariga vara intresserade av att lära mer om motstånd mot förändring i interna förändringsprojekt. Utifrån syftet har en preciserad frågeställning utformats: På vilket sätt hanterar projektledare motstånd i interna förändringsprojekt? Därtill har vi inkluderat en delfråga som lyder: Vilka specifika verktyg använder projektledare för att bearbeta eventuellt motstånd? Syftet med att besvara forskningsfrågan ligger i att öka medvetenheten om motstånd i interna förändringsprojekt, samt belysa vilka särskilda verktyg projektledarna använder för att hantera motstånd i interna förändringsprojekt. Vi har valt att utgå från Kotters åttastegsmodell, vilken är en förändringsmodell som beskriver hur man lyckas med förändringsprocesser. Studien är utförd med en kvalitativ metod i form av semi-strukturerade intervjuer. Intervjuerna är utförda i ett landsting och en statlig organisation med totalt sex respondenter. Respondenterna består av projektledare som varit, eller är, verksamma i ett internt förändringsprojekt. Analysen visar att det finns olika sätt att hantera motstånd. Vi har identifierat ett specifikt verktyg, systemiskt möte, som är särskilt anpassat för att hantera motstånd i interna förändringsprojekt. Utöver detta har respondenterna använt traditionella projektledningsverktyg såsom t.ex. intressentanalys och riskanalys samt givit många värdefulla exempel på hur det går att hantera motstånd i interna förändringsprojekt utan specifika verktyg. Studien avgränsar sig till att gälla projektledarens perspektiv och interna förändringsprojekt. Andra typer av projekt som t.ex. produktutvecklings-, marknadsförings-, kundorder-, evenemangsprojekt omfattas inte av denna studie. Vi har valt att även begränsa studien till verksamheter inom offentlig sektor.

Waterborne diseases continue to plague the poorest people in low-income countries and are estimated to cause 4,600,000 acute incidents of diarrhea resulting in over 2,000 deaths daily. A major challenge is performing microbiology tests to monitor drinking water quality. Friends of the Old (FOTO) implemented a novel strategy using evidence-based microbiology to educate communities about the relationship between contaminated water and disease. Two commercially available tests for E.coli, adapted for fieldwork, provided easily interpreted results of contamination that correlate with WHO's disease risk categories. Simple and effective household water treatment options 'solar pasteurization and/or chlorination' were provided to all 14,400 families and 42 schools in Lower Nyakach, Kenya. From February to May, 2015, adjacent districts had serious cholera outbreaks, but in Lower Nyakach, where education and the use of chlorine were nearly universal, there were no cases of cholera and steadily decreasing rates of diarrhea. A cross-sectional study was conducted to verify self-reported water treatment practices with evidence-based microbiological testing. A random sample of 377 households revealed that 95% treat their water each and every time they collect. Microbiological verification found 96% of household safe water storage vessels were low risk compared to their very high risk source water. A strong association (p < 0.001) existed between the observed decrease in diarrhea trends from health facilities in Lower Nyakach and exposure to the novel training. The strategy used by FOTO could be replicated to empower communities worldwide to identify contaminated drinking water sources and to reduce the incidence of waterborne disease.

In this study, available coastal models are briefly discussed and under wind waves and a numerical shoreline change model for longshore sediment transport based on &ldquo / one-line&rdquo / theory is developed. In numerical model, wave diffraction phenomenon in one-dimensional modeling is extensively discussed and to represent the irregular wave diffraction in the sheltered zones of coastal structures a simpler approach based on the methodology introduced by Kamphuis (2000) is proposed. Furthermore, the numerical model results are compared with analytical solutions of accretion and erosion at a single groin. An application to a case study of a groin field constructed to the east side of Kizilirmak river mouth, at Bafra alluvial plain, is carried out by the numerical model. The results of comparisons show that the numerical model is in good agreement with the analytical solutions of shoreline changes at a groin. Similarly, numerical model results are compared with field data of Bafra and it is shown that they are in good agreement qualitatively. Therefore, the numerical model is accepted to be capable of representing of shoreline evolution qualitatively even for complex coastal regions.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:24:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2006-04-07Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:32:15Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 chirinea_g_me_bauru.pdf: 517463 bytes, checksum: df83153ec432854159e0aa3bd3ea803d (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O modelo de mudança conceitual,de reconhecida difusão na área do Ensino de Ciências,foi alvo de diversas críticas e revisões ao longo dos mais de vinte anos desde sua proposição inicial. oder-se-ia afirmar,no entanto,que tanto os proponentes do modelo quanto seus críticos apresentam um enfoque restritivo no tratamento das medidas comportamentais correspondentes à ocorrência ou não de mudança conceitual. Admite-se,como hipótese deste trabalho,que o Behaviorismo Radical propicia ferramentas capazes de uma avaliação da pertinência das críticas dirigidas ao modelo e da própria proposta de avaliação dos resultados obtidos através de sua utilização,tal como apresentada por seus proponentes . Para tanto, o presente trabalho concentrou ênfase na tentativa de,considerando estudos que ilustram a difusão posterior do modelo em trabalhos empíricos,descrever as medidas comportamentais que parecem fundamentar inferências sobre a ocorrência ou não da mudança conceitual,analisando se e como o tratamento de tais medidas foi considerado em alguns dos artigos que expressam uma revisão crítica do modelo Argumenta-se que tais artigos falham em descrever semelhanças e diferenças dos instrumentos e das interações que definem a obtenção das medidas comportamentais de conhecimentos prévios e posteriores à intervenção,bem como as intervenções intencionalmente planejadas e as condições de avaliação que sucedem a tais intervenções. / The conceptual change model, well-known spread in Science Teaching, has been reviewed and criticized, since its initial proposal, for over twenty years. It could be argued, however, that either authors or critics present a restrictive view concerning the behavioral measures related to the absence or occurrence of conceptual change. The hypothesis within this paper is that Radical Behaviorism provides tools that can assess the pertinence of criticisms toward the model as well as the result evaluation proposal obtained from their application, as referred to by their proponents. Thus, the emphasis of this paper, taking into account studies that illustrate the posterior spreading of the model in empirical applications, is the attempt to describe the behavioral measures that seem to support inferences about the occurrence or absence of conceptual change, analyzing whereas and how the treatment of such measures were considered in some articles expressing a critical revision of the model. We understand that such articles have failed to describe similarities and differences concerning the instruments and interactions that define the achievement of behavioral measures from the knowledge (and not about responses) before and after the intervention, as well as intentionally planned interventions and the assessment conditions subsequent to the interventions.

Submitted by NÚBIA FERNANDA GOMES PEREIRA (nubiafgp@yahoo.com.br) on 2013-11-12T16:57:31Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Núbia Fernanda Gomes Pereira - Gestão de Mudanças VERSÃO FINAL.pdf: 5730211 bytes, checksum: 0d4a03445718a6190d033db4ed9980e8 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Janete de Oliveira Feitosa (janete.feitosa@fgv.br) on 2013-11-27T13:37:46Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Núbia Fernanda Gomes Pereira - Gestão de Mudanças VERSÃO FINAL.pdf: 5730211 bytes, checksum: 0d4a03445718a6190d033db4ed9980e8 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marcia Bacha (marcia.bacha@fgv.br) on 2013-11-28T12:26:23Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Núbia Fernanda Gomes Pereira - Gestão de Mudanças VERSÃO FINAL.pdf: 5730211 bytes, checksum: 0d4a03445718a6190d033db4ed9980e8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-11-28T12:26:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Núbia Fernanda Gomes Pereira - Gestão de Mudanças VERSÃO FINAL.pdf: 5730211 bytes, checksum: 0d4a03445718a6190d033db4ed9980e8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-09-27 / The purpose of this research was to investigate how change management have been applied in the Forensic Branch of the Brazilian Federal Police, as part of a broader field of study related to organizational changes. To determine which analytical categories were crucial to better understand this change process, a comprehensive review of published articles in this field was undertaken, leading to an investigation of three different themes. The first goal of this research was content of change, to determine the exact nature of the transformation proposed. Next, it was evaluated the change implementation process utilized and, finally, in what type of context was this change implemented. More specifically, this qualitative project attempted to assess the change management process occurred during the implementation of complexity indicators in the Forensic Branch of the Brazilian Federal Police, in light of the model proposed by John P. Kotter for the effective implementation of change in organizations, considering their interaction with the organizational context. Data was obtained through semistructured interviews with those responsible for spearheading the process, including management leaders and Directors of the Forensics Branch. Additional data was gathered through the study of organizational documents and direct observation. The results indicated significant competitive factors related to the three fields studied that prevented the achievement of the expected goals, including: a) the proposed change is a kind of performance evaluation, which is a contentious issue that raises many discussions, and, therefore, had very low acceptance; b) unfavorable organizational context, as the Forensics Branch is currently a part of a police organization with a strong punitive and discipline culture; c) process change management was mishandled, according to the theoretical model for the effective implementation of changes in the organizations proposed by Kotter (1995, 1997). / Este pesquisa, inserida no campo de estudo sobre mudanças organizacionais, buscou investigar como é realizada a gestão de mudanças na Criminalística da Polícia Federal. Para isso, partiu-se de um referencial teórico para a estruturação de categorias de análise essenciais para o estudo do tema, agrupadas em três dimensões: conteúdo da mudança, processo de implementação da mudança e contexto em que ocorreu a mudança. Dessa forma, essa pesquisa de caráter qualitativo avaliou o processo de gestão de mudança ocorrido por meio da implementação de indicadores de complexidade na Criminalística da Polícia Federal, à luz do modelo proposto por John P. Kotter para a implementação eficaz de mudanças nas organizações, considerando sua interação com as circunstâncias contextais prevalecentes. Para a coleta de dados foram utilizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com os componentes do corpo gerencial e diretor da Criminalística, responsáveis pela condução do processo de implementação da mudança. A análise de documentos institucionais e a observação direta complementaram a coleta dos dados. Os resultados apontaram para uma significante concorrência dos fatores relacionados às três dimensões estudadas que impediu o alcance dos objetivos esperados com a mudança, destacando-se: a) aspecto negativo relacionado à própria natureza da mudança, que se enquadra no campo de avaliação de desempenho, questão polêmica que levanta muitas discussões; b) contexto organizacional desfavorável, por estar inserida em uma organização policial, com forte cultura disciplinar e punitiva; c) processo de gestão de mudança mal conduzido, de acordo com modelo teórico para a implementação eficaz de mudanças nas organizações proposto por Kotter (1995, 1997).

Diploma thesis focuses on the analysis of information system for customer relationship management in the company AURA, s.r.o., which deals with the development and delivery of information systems focused on military material logistics. The content of the thesis is the theoretical basis for the analysis and understanding of the concepts mentioned in the work. The outputs of the analyses are information that are used to create a solution proposal to improve the current situation.

The goal of this diploma thesis is to design, realize and implement a software application in a corporate environment. The application is based on the basic principles of information systems. It allows to store, process, send and display the necessary internal data at one place. The result of the diploma thesis is a custom made applicationfor the company. This application is implemented in a corporate environment.

Studiens syfte är att undersöka hur förändringsmodellen ADKAR har använts bland enhetschefer på Försäkringskassan och vilken betydelse den har haft för de under en organisationsförändring. För att uppfylla studiens syfte har en organisationsförändring studerats utifrån ett första linjens chefsperspektiv. Studiens teoretiska utgångspunkter baseras på teori och begrepp relaterat till översättning och meningskapande. Utgångspunkterna har använts för att studera hur ADKAR- modellen översatts och skapat mening kring förändringen. Studiens metod är kvalitativ med fokus på fyra semistruktuerade intervjuer och fyra textdokument. Resultatet av studien påvisar att förändringsmodellen ADKAR internaliserats hos cheferna i samband med deras chefsintroduktion. Modellen har blivit ett etablerat sätt att kommunicera och tänka utifrån vid förändring. ADKAR- modellen idientifieras genomgående under förändringen som en vattenfallsmodell. / The purpose of this thesis is to investigate how the change model ADKAR has been used among section directors at the Swedish Social Insurance Agency and what significance it has had for them during an organizational change. To fulfill the purpose of the study, an organizational change has been studied through the perspective of a first line director. The thesis theoretical starting points are based on theory and concepts related to translation and sensemaking. The starting points have been used to study how the ADKAR model has been translated and created sensemaking around the change. The study method is qualitative with a focus on four semi-structured interviews and four text documents.The results of this thesis shows that the change model ADKAR has been internalized in the managers in connection with their manager introduction. The model has become an established way of communicating and thinking from the outside in the event of change. The ADKAR model is consistently identified during the change as a waterfall model.

Abstract   Background:  With the COVID-19 pandemic, consumer behaviour has adjusted accordingly, especially in relation to the restaurant industry. This issue is also present in the restaurant managers responses displayed at this critical event. This disruption on both consumer and manager perspective can be researched for methods of regulating the impacts.   Purpose:   The purpose of this thesis is to explore the impact COVID-19 has had on restaurants, their managers and consumer behaviour. This study investigates how managers of the local restaurants respond to the restrictions placed on them as well as how consumer behaviour has been affected by the pandemic.   Method:  This exploratory study is conducted both quantitatively and qualitatively using surveys with consumers by convenience sampling and semi-structured interviews with local restaurant managers.   Conclusion:  The results and analysis suggest that with the aid of the ADKAR and EKB model, there are varying degrees of influence an individual or manager has perceived with the arrival of the pandemic. This is generally due to their own circumstances and perspectives; however, consumers have seen a change in their decision-making journey while restaurant managers have seen changes in their daily operations. This study goes on to indicate that thorough use of the models can assist both consumers and managers in better preparation if such an event should happen again as well as comprehension of their unconscious decisions with such predicaments. / This thesis seeks to investigates "The Effects of COVID-19 on Restaurants and Consumer Behaviour in the Jönköping Region”. Adapted to the paper’s subject matter, this is offered at the beginning of each section and provides the reader with background information on that section’s contents. At this point, the main theme of the paper is introduced with supporting evidence which will be used for the duration of this project.

Many companies must undergo organizational changes to achieve a more efficient business. This essay has focused on studying a small company, its development as well as its need for change. The company, Pärlans Konfektyr AB, is a manufacturing company located in Stockholm that has been operating since 2010. The company has in recent years, firmly increased its sales and is facing a number of changes as the company has grown.   The need for changes was mainly identified as technical, because of the need to implement a new business system. Understanding how a change takes place and how an organization can accomplish an implementation effectively is important as it requires a lot of time and resources. This has been investigated by studying theories and models for successful change and implementation work in previous research. The purpose of the study is to create an understanding of what kind of organizational changes a small company stands in front of and how these can be implemented in a successful way. The survey is a qualitative study and in order to be able to answer the study's research question, an interview survey has been applied, where the data has been analyzed and compared with previous research in the field. The conclusion of this study is that Pärlans Konfektyr AB is in a stage of ‘’growing pains’’ which leads to different challenges for companies that have strong growth in a short time. In combination with this growth, there is a need for new structures and routines in the business, for which several models from previous research can serve as auxiliary tools.