The aim of this master’s thesis was focused on characterization of carotenogenic yeast using molecular techniques. For this usage, interspecific variables of strongly conserved sequences of genomic DNA, especially rDNA D1/D2 large ribosomal subunit and ITS1 and 5,8-ITS2 rDNA regions were amplified. These sequences were subjected analysed by DGGE method, which approved differences of S. roseus in all analyzed rDNA sequencies compared to the other analyzed carotenogenic yeasts. Parameters of PFGE and isolation procedure of the intact DNA were optimized for caryotypic yeast characterization. At all, nine of carotenogenic yeast strains Rhodotorula, Sporobolomy-ces, Cystofilobasidium a Phaffia were analyzed by this techniques. Further part of this thesis was focused to application of molecular methods to analysis of region D1/D2 of large ribosomal subunit in mutant carotenogenic yeast strains. Mutant strains were pre-viously adapted to waste substrates - pasta and glycerol, and stability of their production properties was verified.

In Turkey, the majority of the historic city centres have been continuously occupied since early ages onwards and where still occupation exists. The multi-layered structure of historic centres both can indicate the historical continuity of cities and enhance urban consciousness, if urban archaeological resources are handled effectively into planning process. However, the recent policies and strategies don&amp / #8217 / t allow the handling of urban archaeological resources, especially invisible sub-soil resources, into planning and decision-making process. In this thesis, it is aimed to formulate a basic methodological framework for the handling of urban archaeological resources into planning process of historic city centres in Turkey. Therefore, the study is handled in two parts / a conceptual methodological framework part and an exploratory case study.In the conceptual part, a basic equation is studied to research the factors on the conservation and evaluation of real urban archaeological potential. Then, the methodological framework is examined in detail in izmir Historic City Centre that has been inhabited since 324 B.C. Consequently, the terms of equi-property areas, which are used to define ideal potential of archaeological resources, and urban archaeological character zones, which are described as the basic units of planning and conservation policies, are developed to determine exact management strategies for urban archaeological resources.