published_or_final_version / Community Medicine / Master / Master of Public Health

published_or_final_version / abstract / Conservation / Master / Master of Science in Conservation

published_or_final_version / abstract / Sociology / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy

published_or_final_version / Conservation / Master / Master of Science in Conservation

published_or_final_version / Conservation / Master / Master of Science in Conservation

published_or_final_version / Public Health / Master / Master of Public Health

published_or_final_version / Transport Policy and Planning / Master / Master of Arts in Transport Policy and Planning

After experiencing changes and adapting to them, Macau establishes a unique identity of harmonious coexistence of different cultures, religions, people and life styles. And this unique identity became one of the major characters that fulfill the criteria for inscribing into UNESCO’s World Heritage List. World heritage site: The Historic Centre of Macau is a brand name in Macau’s tourism now. But not every building is lucky to have adequate respect. Cemetery of St. Michael the Archangel, located inside the historic centre of Macau and closed to St. Paul’s ruins, as well as many other heritage sites, is an example. The values of historic cemeteries are underestimated. In order to protect the container of history – cemeteries, conservation must be done. There is no doubt about that. However, interpretation of the cemeteries is equally important. With better interpretations of the cemeteries and people buried inside, we can reconstruct the society in 19th century, and even more. The routes suggested in Chapter 4 only served as examples. Visitor can imagine a society which all these historic figures were living. They interacted with each other. They influenced each other. And they changed the society. If there was no cemeteries, or if we did not have good conservation of the cemeteries, how can we provide this interpretation of society in a particular period of time? Proposing a historic walk is one of the best ways to have better interpretations to the cemeteries. Through the historic cemetery walk, the values of each cemetery can be appreciated by visitor and it can also bring the cemeteries life. The rich contents of the cemeteries are always waiting for us to find out. / published_or_final_version / Conservation / Master / Master of Science in Conservation

The new bus operation mode has been implemented in Macao from 1st August, 2011 onwards. In the new operation mode, Government becomes the operator of all bus routes while bus companies have switched their roles to service providers. The major objective of this new bus operation mode is to enhance bus ridership and minimize the uses of private vehicles. This objective has come to the main aim of this dissertation, which is to investigate whether the new bus operation mode has achieved the Government’s targets by analyzing the impacts on residents’ transportation mode choices after the change of bus operation mode. This study is essential to the Government because it can be a milestone for the Transport Bureau to evaluate the effectiveness of the new bus operation mode so as to arrange the public transportation system to fulfill the needs of the residents. If public transportation is considered as safe, convenient and efficient, local citizens will be more willing to ride on public transportation instead of private vehicles. Questionnaire survey and interview had been applied in this study. There were four main findings from the questionnaire. Firstly, the most influential factors affecting Macao residents to make mode choices are time and distance. Secondly, residents are less satisfied with the new bus operation mode compared to the old bus operation mode in terms of the satisfaction scores ranked by the respondents while significant differences in satisfaction scores towards different bus operators are recorded. Thirdly, the new bus operation mode is not effective for the time being from the perspective of the respondents. Fourthly, nearly none commuters driving their own cars or motorcycles to commute before the new bus operation mode are willing to change to buses after the commencement of the new bus operation mode. In other words, it can be concluded that the new bus operation mode does not increase ridership on buses, especially for commuters who drive their own vehicles to commute. The main reasons for the currently ineffectiveness of new bus operation mode are the high expectations for the new bus operation mode and the negative impacts caused by the increase of bus frequency. In order to change the public belief that the bus services are still not reliable and effective, the Transport Bureau in Macao has to apply measures to rebuild the confidence of bus passengers on bus services and to reduce the travel time on bus journeys. Once these suggested measures are implemented, passengers will be more willing to ride on buses and the targets of the new bus operation mode can be achieved. / published_or_final_version / Urban Planning and Design / Master / Master of Science in Urban Planning

Human papillomavirus (HPV), a family of viruses with more than 40 genotypes is known to infect genital tract of males and females. High-risk HPV including genotypes 16, 18 can cause cervical cancer while low-risk HPV including genotypes 6, 11 can cause benign or low grade cervical lesions and genital warts. Considering HPV infection is the most common sexually transmitted infection worldwide, as well as in Macao, with prevalence up to 8.1%, and given that cervical cancer is the top ten most frequent female cancer which causes high burden in our health care system, it is important to have a comprehensive intervention for control HPV and cervical cancer. Since the HPV vaccine for preventing cervical cancer has been available in Macao, it is worth to know the willingness to be vaccinated among target population. Base on findings from previous studies, the parental attitudes and acceptance is the key factor of vaccination for young girls. Other potential factors, such as the HPV knowledge, vaccine safety and efficacy, cost, the age of daughter and the physician’s attitudes, may also affect parental acceptance. Given that no previous study on this topic has been conducted, this study is aimed to understand the knowledge, attitudes and acceptability of HPV vaccination, and to explore and identify the affecting factors for acceptance among school girls and their parents. A school-based simple cluster random sampling method was used. Data was collected by anonymous self-administrated questionnaires among 574 school girls aged at 12-22 and 702 parents aged at 30-65. About 47% of the school girls had heard of HPV and 88.3% had heard of HPV vaccine, while 57.1% of parents had heard of HPV and 83.2% had heard of HPV vaccine. Although the HPV-related knowledge was poor among young girls and their parents, 92% of girls indicated a positive intention to be vaccinated for herself and 88% parents would willing to consent daughter to be vaccinated if the HPV vaccine became in routine immunization. However, the parental vaccination acceptability for daughters decreased to 40% and only 30% of mothers would willing to accept for themselves, if they had to pay a full course for three doses of HPV vaccine. About 97% of school girls and 95% of parents supported that HPV vaccine should be included in government immunization programme. We also found that young girls and parents are more favor in later HPV vaccination rather than vaccination at recommended age. Cost is the dominant affecting factor in determining parental acceptability of HPV vaccination. In addition, daughter’s age, vaccine safety concern, Pap smear attendance and HPV knowledge are significantly associated with HPV vaccine acceptance. It may be worthwhile to further investigate the reasons for the delay vaccination among the young adolescent girls and among their parents, to examine if any underlying factors were unexpressed. / published_or_final_version / Public Health / Master / Master of Public Health