This dissertation provides an overview of the status of critically endangered sterlet in the Czech Republic and in other countries located in the Danube river basin. Results of own research of artificial breeding at experimental and farm conditions are presented. In the results section, focus was placed on most problematic part of artificial reproduction, development, growth and offspring rearing of sterlet in technological aquaculture. The specific objective pursued by the sterlet were: method of non-invasive detection of gas in the digestive tract by radiologic imaging, the effect of different environmental conditions for the presence of gas in the digestive tract and assessment of broodstock for spawning, followed by offspring rearing.