The aim of this thesis was to evaluate successfulness of forestation at a seat of fire near Bzenec. Several types of planting stock varying in the type of species, plant cover, the way of growing and coverage by surrounding growths after planting were used. Two independent measurings were taken, during which shoot height, root crown thickness, growt length, losses, vitality, diversion from vertical, trunk straightness, damage by biotic agents (mainly by forest cockchafer), the weight of dry matter and root deformations were investigated. The paper strip method executed by a rotary cultivator proved to be little effective, because cockchafer grubs were not affected in any way when the soil was prepared this way. Big losses were found out already during spring evaluation. These losses doubled, even tripled, during a vegetation period. The losses were caused mainly by cockchafer grubs. It is possible to recommend suitable forestation of weeded areas by containerized planting stock of pine and bare-rooted broad-leaved trees as a possible solution.

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The aim of this work was to evaluate the amount of damage caused by the grubs of forest cockchafer. The damage was assessed in relation to the habitat conditions of the mining and cultivation practices. The pilot plant treatment of Actara 25 WG and Force 1.5 G was evaluated for efficacy against 2nd and 3rd grub instars. A methodical design of aerial intervention to inhibit the forest cockchafer during the 2019 swarming was drawn up. When evaluating the amount of damage, 59,233 pieces of seedlings were checked in 2017. The pilot plant treatment was applied to 4 473 pieces of seedlings and the application was carried out in seven different variants on three districts of the Forestry Administration in Strážnice. The average amount of damage caused by the infestation of forest cockchafer grubs in the Forestry Administration in 2016–2018 is 36%. The Actara 25 WG applied by irrigation was evaluated as the most efficient variant during pilot plant treatment. Based on the vegetation inspection and the extent of the damaged area, an aerial intervention was proposed in two variants to inhibit the forest cockchafer swarming in 2019.

The thesis deals with overwintering and swarming may beetle Melolontha hippocastani Fabr. on the ground High under the forest management Choceň. Control methods for detection of hibernating adults are soil probe and for the course swarming are catch sails. Measured data were used to evaluate during wintering and swarming. The results were compared with values from the weather station which sense the temperature of the soil and air. From the results it is recommended the need to refine the currently used procedures in the control and protection of forests against may beetle.

The rapid adaptation of insect species on environment changes can represent a significant advantage for their development and consequently a great negative effect for the stability of forest ecosystems. Larval individuals of Cabera pusaria and Lymantria dispar and adults of Melolontha hippocastani and Phillobius arborator is in general widely expanded species of herbivorous insects in European regions and with them are connected huge economic and ecological losses. The composition of food (biogenic elements, trace elements, heavy metals, proteins, carbohydrates etc.) is the main parameter of food quality. Laboratory experiment with natural diet (assimilation apparatus of Quercus petraea and Betula pendula) in control conditions (temperature, humidity, and light) were used for determination of insects’ reactions to increased concentration of manganese in the diet. Food was contaminated by soaking in solutions of MnCl2.4H2O with graded manganese concentrations. On the base of experiment design and character of reared experimental species we determined the food consumption, the activity period of adults, the mortality of larvae, the quantity of eggs laying, the dry mass and live weight of experimental individuals, concentrations of manganese in unconsumed food, excrement and lyophilized bodies, larval and pupal exuviae. Mentioned parameters were observed for determination of reactions of experimental insect species on changed food quality via the presence of high manganese contents. The results showed, that the reactions of individual experimental animals were very different. We observed the negative reaction to high manganese content in the diet of L. dispar larvae with the tendency of its compensation (the increasing food consumption rate and prolongation of development). Caterpillars of C. pusaria were very sensitive to changed food quality and therefore we observed high mortality. On the other side, the high manganese content in the diet of P. arborator in the laboratory conditions influenced neither their food intake nor their mortality. For individuals of M. hippocastani very high content of manganese in the diet significantly influenced the food consumption and thereby their development(distortion of copulation and consequent eggs laying). We observed the repellent effect of high levels of manganese in the diet. In all cases, the elimination mechanisms of surplus manganese in the diet were observed. Individuals in experiments exuded manganese through the digestive system into excrements and by incorporation of it into unspecified parts of their adult body without direct physiology activity or in exuviae of caterpillars.

The aim of this master´s thesis was the evaluation of options that should lead to the elimination of the harmful effects of the white grubs of Melolontha hippocastani to the gradational area of Moravian Sahara (part of forest maintenance LS Stážnice, the Bzenec district). The effectiveness of chosen preparations (Force 1,5 G and Actara 25 WP) on the white grubs of Melolontha hippocastani was observed and conducted under controlled conditions in the ´container experiment´ with 380 seedlings of Pinus sylvestris. This experiment was repeatedly conducted five times over a period of 3 years. The results show that the most effective preparation against the white grubs is Actara 25 WG (200 up to 400 g/ha/600 l water) in the form of watering. This preparation in the form of spraying was ineffective. Inconsistent results were reached with the preparation Force 1,5 G. At the same time, the vertical movements of white grubs during their development stages in the soil were being observed over the period of 2015–2018. This observation took place in the drill holes of the following proportions 50 x 50 x 60–140 cm. The results confirmed that the depth of wintering of the white grubs and their movements during their vegetative state depends on the soil´s temperature and moisture, and the available sources of food to the current instar of the white grub.

The thesis is focused on anatomy and implementation of dissections of 4 selected model invertebrates in school practice. The selected model species include swan mussel (Anodonta cygnea), stick insect (Medauroidea extradentata), cockchafer (Melolontha melolontha) and sea urchin (Echinus esculentus). In case of the cockchafer, the text is based on this model species, but the supporting photographs of dissection are taken from the tropical cetoniid beetle Pachnoda, which has very similar internal anatomy with the cockchafer. For all selected animals, I describe external and internal morphology as well as recommended methods of obtaining the material, proper killing of specimens, and dissection techniques. The text is supplemented with original digital macrophotographs. The thesis includes also an overview of primary and secondary school textbooks with focus on anatomy of the selected animals. The text is supplemented by a glossary of morphological terminology used in this thesis. Attached is a photographic atlas of dissections, which is a combination of this master thesis and my bachelor thesis (defended in 2010), in which I dealt with five model invertebrates in the same way. This is Ascaris suum, Lumbricus terrestris, Helix pomatia, Procambarus aff. fallax and Archimandrita tesselata. The complete...