程家欣. / "2003年7月". / 論文(哲學碩士)--香港中文大學, 2003. / 參考文獻(leaves 33-39 (2nd group)). / 附中英文摘要. / "2003 nian 7 yue". / Cheng Jiaxin. / Lun wen (zhe xue shuo shi)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue, 2003. / Can kao wen xian (leaves 33-39 (2nd group)). / Fu Zhong Ying wen zhai yao. / Chapter 第一章 --- 導言 / Chapter 第一節 --- 硏究緣起 --- p.1-3 / Chapter 第二節 --- 硏究回顧及論文取向 --- p.3 / Chapter 1. --- 人物與歷史事 件 --- p.3-10 / Chapter 2. --- 行政機關 --- p.10-13 / Chapter 第三節 --- 論文架構 --- p.14-15 / Chapter 第二章 --- 淸中央機關與政治角力 / Chapter 第一節 --- 軍機處之設立、組織與職掌 --- p.16-20 / Chapter 第二節 --- 總理各國事務衙門之設立、組織與職掌 --- p.20-24 / Chapter 第三節 --- 軍機處、總理衙門與政治角力的關係 --- p.24 / Chapter 1. --- 樞譯的職掌 --- p.24-30 / Chapter 2. --- 樞譯人員的選任 --- p.30-31 / Chapter 第三章 --- 權力早種---咸同時期，慈禧第一次垂簾聽政 / Chapter 第一節 --- 慈禧初涉政事與咸豐末年政局 --- p.32-41 / Chapter 第二節 --- 辛酉政變 --- p.42-53 / Chapter 第三節 --- 慈禧確立權力之手段 --- p.54-60 / Chapter 第四章 --- 鞏固權力---同治元年至光緖十二年 / Chapter 第一節 --- 同治政局 --- p.61-64 / Chapter 第二節 --- 光緒嗣位 --- p.64-69 / Chapter 第三節 --- 恭王失勢 --- p.69 / Chapter 1. --- 兩次逐退 --- p.69-73 / Chapter 2. --- 樞譯人事 --- p.73-76 / Chapter 3. --- 扶植奕譞 --- p.76-77 / Chapter 4. --- 慈安之死 --- p.77 / Chapter 第四節 --- 甲申朝變 --- p.78-87 / Chapter 第五章 --- 暗湧浮現光緒十二年廿一年 / Chapter 第一節 --- 訓政歸政 --- p.88-91 / Chapter 第二節 --- 兩宮關係及權力 --- p.91-95 / Chapter 第三節 --- 甲午戰爭 --- p.95-111 / Chapter 第四節 --- 暗湧浮現 --- p.111-114 / Chapter 第六章 --- 交鋒前夕---光緒廿一年至廿四年四月 / Chapter 第一節 --- 第一階段---光緒廿一年至光緒廿三年冬 --- p.115 / Chapter 1. --- 力振朝綱 --- p.115-117 / Chapter 2. --- 新政圖強 --- p.117-119 / Chapter 3. --- 嚴厲示警 --- p.119-123 / Chapter 第二節 --- 第二階段---光緒廿三年冬至廿四年四月 --- p.123-124 / Chapter 1. --- 兩宮的變法思想 --- p.124-129 / Chapter 2. --- 康有爲與變政 --- p.129-134 / Chapter 3. --- 變政與政爭 --- p.134-143 / Chapter 第七章 --- 百日維新---光緒廿四年四月廿三日至八月初六 / Chapter 第一節 --- 兩宮爭權與樞譯角色 --- p.144 / Chapter 1. --- 政改與樞譯權力的衝突 --- p.145-148 / Chapter 2. --- 開設新議政機關的阻撓 --- p.148-151 / Chapter 3. --- 樞譯中的人事調動 --- p.151-162 / Chapter 4. --- 內部複雜的人事糾葛 --- p.162-164 / Chapter 第二節 --- 互爭將領軍事較量 --- p.164-169 / Chapter 第三節 --- 汲取經驗，借師日人 --- p.169-172 / Chapter 第四節 --- 政變與權力更動 --- p.172-176 / Chapter 第五節 --- 慈禧第三度訓政 --- p.176-186 / Chapter 第八章 --- 結論 / Chapter 第一節 --- 慈禧預政與君主制度 --- p.187-192 / Chapter 第二節 --- 鞏固權力與樞譯控制 --- p.192-199 / 附錄 / 表一：軍機大臣和總理衙門大臣人員(咸豐十年至光緒廿四年） / 表二 ：《訓政細則》與《辦事條目》內容比較 / 表三：康有爲上書時間表(光緒十四年至二十四年國是詔頒佈前） / 表四：維新派奏請開設議政機關折(光緖廿四年正月至七月底） / 表五：維新派請設議政機關的組織及職責 / 參考書目

abstract: ABSTRACT Art historians typically consider Chinese porcelain a decorative art, resulting in scholars spending little time analyzing it as a fine art form. One area that is certainly neglected is porcelain produced during the late 19th and early 20th century during the late Qing dynasty (1644–1911) into the early Republic period (1912–1949). As the Qing dynasty weakened and ultimately fell in 1911, there was a general decline in the quantity of porcelain produced in China. Due to this circumstance, porcelain of this era has not received the detailed analysis, characterization of styles, comprehension of themes, and understanding of patronage evident in other periods of Chinese porcelain production. Ultimately, limited research has been conducted to establish the styles associated with late dynastic porcelain into the early Republic’s establishment. This dissertation utilizes a new perspective that considers the patronage of the Empress Dowager Cixi (1835-1908) as a high point of late dynastic porcelain. Concrete documentation establishes that motifs were appropriated from Cixi’s painting, suggesting a direct connection between schools of painting and the imagery selected for porcelain during her reign. The porcelain Cixi influenced directly guided the porcelain produced during the Hongxian era (1915-1916), making Cixi’s patronage the key turning point from dynastic porcelain to early Republic porcelain. Utilizing predominately British collections, this study identifies the styles, symbols, and themes associated with porcelain of the 19th and 20th century, elevating late dynastic and early Republic wares to the status of fine art. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Art History 2019