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This thesis proposes to empirically evaluate fundamental welfare outcomes associated with common property rights forestry. The inferences made were based on data collected from selected villages in rural Ethiopia, where common property forestry programs are being run or are planned. The thesis comprises of three separate analysis chapters. The first of these analysis chapters engaged with the estimation of compensating variation, for community forestry intervention, using double-bounded contingent valuation methods while controlling for biases arising from anomalous preference revelation. The second analysis chapter aimed to identify salient community forestry program attributes that are preferred by potential program participants, estimate welfare effects and test preference heterogeneity for each of the selected attributes. The third analysis chapter aimed to estimate average treatment effects associated with the implementation of natural forest management decentralization, paying particular attention to identification issues. The results from the first analysis chapter indicate that community forestry programs offer sizeable welfare benefits. Furthermore, double-bounded CVM studies in developing country contexts also suffer from preference revelation anomalies, and, therefore, researchers should control for these anomalies. From the second analysis chapter, the welfare gain offered by community forestry was found to hinge largely on the proposed attributes of the program, such as the type of forest, area enclosure and type of land upon which the forest was to be situated. Moreover, the results pointed to significant differences in attribute preferences across the study population. In the third analysis chapter, after controlling for selection bias and treatment-effect heterogeneity associated with program participation, forest management decentralization programs were found to increase the average welfare of participant households between 19.96% and 33.63%. The results support the claim that common property right forestry management can be used to revive rural development and provide incentives for environmental protection, the latter of which has been uncovered in related research. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Economics / unrestricted

The Master´s Thesis deals with the common property of spouses. The work aims to present a comprehensive overview of the legal regulation of common property of spouses and focus on changes in new Civil Code, which takes effect in January 2014. The second objective of this work is to apply theoretical findings on concrete examples of judgement. The work is divided into two basic parts; theoretical and practical. Theoretical part consists of historical development and current legal regulation of common property of spouses. Practical part contains several practical cases of judgement.

The Master's Thesis deals with the common property of spouses in a case of business activities of one of the spouses. The main goal of the Master's Thesis is to summarize the main information concerning the topic of the common property of spouses in a case of business activities of one of the spouses and a presentation of several practical cases. Except for introduction and conclusion the Master's Thesis contains three parts. The first one describes the historical development. The second part defines the main concepts of common property and enterpreneur. The third part contains several practical cases regarding the chosen topic.

The Master's Thesis deals with the common property of spouses according to both current legal regulation, and secondly future legal regulation of the Czech Republic. The main objective of this Master's Thesis is to present a comprehensive and coherent overview of the current legal regulation of common property of spouses and to compare the present situation with the regulation in new Civil Code, which takes effect in January 2014. The Master's Thesis contains three parts; first part contains the historical development, second part provides a summary of current legal regulation and the last part focuses on the comparison of the current and future legislation.

Zusammenfassung Diese Diplomarbeit befasst sich mit dem ehelichen Güterrecht; einem Thema, das sowohl für den Alltag der Ehegatten wichtig ist, als auch für diejenigen, die mit einer verheirateten Person rechtlich handeln. Die Arbeit richtet sich vor allem auf den Vergleich der gegenwärtigen rechtlichen Regelung, am 1. 1. 2014 in Kraft getreten, mit der vorherigen Rechtsregelung. Diese Arbeit besteht aus drei Teilen, die in Kapitel unterteilt werden, sowie aus der Einleitung und der Schlussfolgerung. Der erste Teil behandelt die historische Entwicklung der rechtlichen Regelung der Vermögensbeziehungen zwischen Ehegatten auf unserem Rechtsgebiet seit der Gültigkeit des Allgemeinen bürgerlichen Gesetzbuches vom Jahr 1811, über das Gesetz über Familienrecht vom Jahr 1949, bis zum bürgerlichen Gesetzbuch vom Jahr 1964, wirksam bis 31. 12. 2013. Der zweite, zugleich wichtigste und umfangreichste Teil analysiert ausführlich das eheliche Güterrecht im bürgerlichen Gesetzbuch vom Jahr 2012, das mit dem 1. 1. 2014 in Kraft getreten ist. Die einzelnen Kapitel befassen sich mit der Gütergemeinschaft einerseits was Entstehung, Auflösung, Vergleich und Schutz dritter Personen betrifft, andererseits was die Regelungen betrifft, denen sie sowohl vom Umfang als auch verwaltungsrechtlich unterliegen kann. Diese sind: die...

Common property of spouses and entrepreneurship Abstract Presented diploma thesis on common property of spouses and entrepreneurship aims to provide a comprehensive overview of current national legislation of common property of spouses with a particular focus on entrepreneurship issues with subsequent evaluation of legal regulations, criticism of identified legal defects and proposing solutions. Sufficient space of a diploma thesis is also devoted to de lege ferenda considerations in connection with the comparison of national law with the legal regulation of matrimonial property law in the Federal Republic of Germany. The legal regulation of the institute common property of spouses in the Civil Code does not give answers to all questions arising, therefore, the case law of the Supreme Court of the Czech Republic is widely used in the thesis. In the text of this diploma thesis are proposed legislative changes which it would be appropriate to think about in the future. Case-law of the courts of the Federal Republic of Germany and the case-law of the European Court of Justice is also not omitted. To achieve the proposed goals is the text of the submitted diploma thesis next to the introduction and conclusion structured into seven chapters. First of all attention is focused on the historical development of...

No / This study questions the idea that appropriate mechanisms can be designed to ensure optimum resource use, beneficial collective action and hence to build social capital. I argue here that the school of ‘institutional crafting’ in natural resource management is based on concepts which are inadequately socially informed and which ill-reflect the complexity , diversity and ad hoc nature of institutional formation. Three aspects of institutional bricolage are illustrated here: the multiple identities of the bricoleurs; the frequency of cross-cultural borrowing and of multi-purpose institutions; and the prevalence of arrangements and norms which foster co-operation, respect and non-direct reciprocity over lifecourses. In elaborating the concept of bricolage, I raise questions about whether local institutions are amenable to design, the scope for negotiating the norms which underlie institutional arrangements and the extent to which different institutions may be emancipatory or exclusionary. I conclude that development interventions aimed at institution building should be based on a socially informed analysis of the content and effects of institutional arrangements, rather than on their form alone.

This study suggests that transfer of State forests to the local communities is the least cost policy option to improve prevailing deforestation problem in Nepal. However, there are few problems at operational, institutional, and policy levels, which are restricting community forest (CF) transformation. The critical review of seven representative case studies and modern forest policy of Nepal identifies following important issues in CF transformation in Nepal. They are low marginal flexibility, incomplete and uncertain property rights transfer, equity problem, specific demand adjustment problem, and inconsistent forest policy. This work recommends for amendment of modern CF policy guidelines to reduce CF transformation costs, increase present value of future returns, and reduce present value of enforcement costs. These amendments will be effective to improve prevailing CF work situation in Nepal. Availability / Master of Science

This thesis deals with the inheritance procedure with a focus on the settlement of the common property of the spouses. The first chapter of the thesis is an introduction. The second chapter is called The inheritance procedure and deals in general with the course of the inheritance procedure. This chapter introduces the legislation that forms the basis for the inheritance procedure and the settlement of common property of the spouses. The work briefly describes the purpose of the inheritance procedure. An attention is also paid to jurisdiction, participation and tutelage. In the subchapter proceeding of inheritance, the thesis deals with ways to clarify the estate of the testator and to determine the inheritance rights. It is also about drafting a preliminary investigation report and ceasing the proceedings. At the end of the second chapter there is included a part dealing with cases of additional inheritance procedure proceedings. The core of this thesis is the third chapter entitled Selected issues of settlement of common property of spouses in proceedings of inheritance. The first subchapter summarizes the process of finding a marital property regime. The thesis also deals with the detailed analysis of the provisions of § 162 and § 163 of Act No. 262/2013 Coll., On special judicial proceedings....