The purpose of this study was to determine which of two methods of teaching interpersonal relationship skills to student nurses was the most effective. The two methods compared were the traditional "established" method and a programmed group teaching method, the Basic Interpersonal Relations program. Subjects were 45 sophomore associated degree nursing students in their psychiatric rotation. Subjects were administered as pretests and posttests the Leory Interpersonal Checklist (ICL) and the Fundamental Interpersonal Relations Orientation-Behavior (FIRO-B). Four groups were formed. Two groups (I and IV) were taught in the "established" way and in two groups (II and III), the basic Interpersonal Relations program was taught. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the amount of change in pre-post scores of any of the groups. This would indicate neither teaching method was superior to the other.

The aim of our article is to collect and present information about contemporary programming environments that are suitable for primary education. We studied the ways they implement (or do not implement) some programming concepts, the ways programs are represented and built in order to support young and novice programmers, as well as their suitability to allow different forms of sharing the results of pupils’ work. We present not only a short description of each considered environment and the taxonomy in the form of a table, but also our understanding and opinions on how and why the environments implement the same concepts and ideas in different ways and which concepts and ideas seem to be important to the creators of such environments.

A análise de agrupamentos (cluster analysis) é o conjunto de ferramentas estatísticas de análise multivariada para encontrar ou revelar a existência de grupos em uma amostra. A literatura apresenta muitos métodos para particionar um conjunto de dados. Porém, ao utilizá-los, o pesquisador muitas vezes se depara com o problema de decidir em quantos grupos deverá ser feita essa divisão, bem como comparar agrupamentos obtidos por diferentes métodos estabelecendo quão semelhantes eles são. Neste trabalho é feita uma revisão dos principais métodos de comparação de agrupamentos e é apresentada uma nova técnica para a escolha do número ideal de grupos, baseada na diferença de entropias. Afim de avaliá-la, estudos de simulação foram realizados comparando-a com outras técnicas conhecidas: a estatística Gap e a silhueta média. Os resultados indicaram que a nova proposta é tão ou mais eficiente que as demais, no sentido de encontrar o número correto de grupos. Além disso, ela também é computacionalmente mais rápida e de simples implementação. Duas aplicações a dados reais são apresentadas, ambas na área de genética. / Cluster analysis is the set of multivariate statistical techniques to uncover or discover groups in a sample. There?s plenty of methods in the literature to partition a dataset. But, when doing so, the user is frequently faced with the problem of choosing the appropriate number of groups and, also, how to compare clusterings obtained through different methods and establish how similar they are. In the present work, it is presented a revision of methods to compare clusterings and proposed a new technique to choose the appropriate number of groups, based on the difference of entropies. To evaluate it, a simulation study was made comparing it with other already known techniques: the Gap statistic and the silhouette. The results indicated that the new approach is more or as efficient as the others, in the sense of finding the correct number of clusters. Moreover, it is computationally faster and simple to implement. Two application are shown, both in genetics.

Syftet med examensarbetet var att undersöka och jämföra mätnoggrannheten vid NRTK-mätningar hos tre olika GNSS-mottagare i olika prisklass. GNSS-mottagarna som användes är SatLab 300, Leica Viva GS15 och Trimble R10. Studien delades in i två olika mätserier. I mätserie 1 utfördes mätningar på olika avstånd från närmaste fysiska SWEPOS-station (Klass A) för att undersöka skillnader i mätresultat från de olika GNSS-mottagarna. Mätningar i mätserie 1 utfördes i olika områden på avstånd mellan 3 och 4 km (Skåre/Råtorp), 6 och 7 km (Våxnäs/Kronoparken), samt 17 och 20 km (Vålberg/Älvenäs) från närmaste fysiska SWEPOS-station (Klass A). I mätserie 1 användes fem av Karlstads kommuns polygonpunkter och fyra höjdfixar, några med fri sikt och några med delvis skymd sikt söderut pga. träd och/eller byggnader. När inga väsentliga skillnader i resultaten från mätserie 1 med avseende på olika avstånd till SWEPOS-stationen gick att fastställa, utfördes mätserie 2 på färre antal stompunkter belägna i Våxnäs och Kronoparken. Två polygonpunkter och två höjdfixar användes. Mätningarna genomfördes under tio till tjugo minuter vid varje mättillfälle. I mätserie 1 jämfördes SatLab 300 och Leica Viva GS15 mot stompunkterna, och vid mätserie 2 jämfördes SatLab 300, Leica Viva GS15 och Trimble R10 mot stompunkterna. I mätserie 1 mättes snabbpunkter med medelvärdesbildning av 25 epoker in vid varje mättillfälle. Detta upprepades under två återbesök olika dagar. I mätserie 2 mättes snabbpunkter med medelvärdesbildning av cirka 100 epoker in vid varje mättillfälle, vilket upprepades med två återbesök samma dag. Resultaten visar små skillnader i mätkvalitet för de olika GNSS-mottagarna vid mätning med NRTK. Trimble R10 presterar dock oftare ett marginellt bättre resultat i radiell avvikelse jämfört med de övriga GNSS-mottagarna, och marginellt bättre RMS-värden. På platser med svåra mätförhållanden har Leica Viva GS15 svårt att erhålla och hålla kvar fixlösning jämfört med de övriga GNSS-mottagarna, medan SatLab 300 istället erhåller fixlösning mycket lätt under dessa mätförhållanden. Trimble R10 arbetar inte med fixlösning på normalt vis, utan istället presenteras en noggrannhet kontinuerligt. / The objective of this paper was to test and compare three different GNSS-receivers’ accuracy, using NRTK. The instrument brands and models in the test were SatLab 300, Leica Viva GS15 and Trimble R10. The test was divided into two measurement series. Measurement series 1 was carried out in different areas with distances of 3-4 km (Skåre/Råtorp), 6-7 km (Våxnäs/Kronoparken), and 17-20 km (Vålberg/Älvenäs), respectively, from the closest physical SWEPOS-station (Class A). A total of nine control points in Karlstad municipality were used in measurement series 1, some with a total free line of sight southwards, and others partly obscured by buildings or trees.  The results of measurement series 1 shows no significant differences between the tested GNSS- receiver’s results regarding to different distances to the SWEPOS-station (Class A). Measurement series 2 focused on measurements was carried out in a more accurate way, at a smaller number of control points located in the Våxnäs and Kronoparken areas. The control points were measured during a period of 10 to 20 minutes at each control point. In measurement series 1 the SatLab 300 and the Leica Viva GS15 with known coordinates at the chosen control points was compared. In measurement series 2 the SatLab 300, the Leica Viva GS15 and the Trimble R10 with known coordinates at the chosen control points were compared. In measurement series 1 fast measurement (1 époque), and an average of 25 époques were measured at every control point, with two return visits, both at different dates. In measurement series 2, fast measurement (1 époque), and an average of 100 époques were measured at every control point, with two return visits at the same date. The overall results show no significant differences in accuracy of measurements using the different receiver’s in NRTK-mode. The Trimble R10 results, however shows slightly more accurate results when comparing radial deviation, and slightly better values when comparing RMS, relative to the other GNSS receivers. At control points with an obscured sight of view, the Leica Viva GS15 has difficulties obtaining a fixed solution, and flickers between a fixed and a float state. At those conditions, the SatLab 300 has no problem with obtaining a fixed solution, whereas the Trimble R10 instead works in a different way, continuously presenting the quality of the positioning.

The whole work is dealing with so-called. OpenData. Since this topic is very extensive, this paper focuses only on cataloging tools (catalogs) for open data. The main reason for this narrower focus is still great variability and new technologies that are of interest not only for the individuals or institutions but also for the whole public administration. For example at the beginning of this work none Czech national open data catalog existed, in the course of writing it managed to launch and now works almost flawlessly. Therefore, it is an important part of a retrospective view. The main objective of this work is to analyze the situation of the national catalogs of open data in selected locations, mapping the requirements of catalogs by avaible documents, creation of criteria and assessed according to criteria selected cataloging tool. Benefits include compiled criteria that can serve additional work or other purposes, and the aforementioned retrospective view. The structure of the work will be divided into several basic blocks, which can be summarized into the structure: Introduction, practical part, analytical part, conclusion. The introduction explains the reasons and aims of work and achievement. The practical part describes the past and present status issues. In the analytical part are assessed as suitable criteria / requirements that are applied to the selected tool. In the end everything is summed up.

This thesis deals with the valuation of real estates in two countries. The problem is solved in terms of Czech and Slovak Republic. All methods are explained in detail and then compared. The thesis also includes a practical example of the valuation of the house in terms of both countries. The conclusion set out the most important differences.

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The thesis deals with the differences in the valuation of buildings by valuation public notices no. 441/2013 Coll. and no. 419/2013 Coll. and explanation of differences in valuation on the example of a house in listed cities and villages in 2,000 and over 2,001 residents with final execute decision-making schemes for the selection of the different methodologies in regions and districts of the Czech Republic. The theoretical part focuses on the basic concepts and the use of various valuation methodologies. The practical part is honored family house without land using the reference method in accordance with Decree no. 441/2014 Coll. and in accordance with Decree no. 419/2013 Coll. The results are applied in the decision scheme for the selection of individual valuation methodology.

Companies today are required more and more to interconnect their information systems with partners and suppliers in order to be competitive in a global marketplace. A problem of how to compare a security policy between two different companies when they need to agree upon a single security policy has been raised. Can a comparison of two access control policies made through Semantic of Business Vocabulary and Business Rules (SBVR) be more appropriate than the traditional way of intuitively comparing two information security policies? In this research, a case study has been conducted along with the questionnaires as a data collection approach. In the case study, a calculation for a degree of policy statement similarity of Company A’s and Company B has been done. Both calculations were based on the questionnaire results of the Company A and Company B in form of SBVR and traditional policy statements separately. This research has revealed that SBVR applied policy is more appropriate for comparing two company policies than a traditional written policy. By applying SBVR to the policy statements, Company A and Company B had their policy in the same structure, which is in the SBVR format. They could get a very clear similar part of the policy statements (70% calculated by the results of the second questionnaire in this case study) agreed by both companies.

This study introduces a dynamic approach to sorting, making use of predictions and data gathered during run-time to optimize the sorting of the current data set. This approach is used to develop a sorting algorithm called DynamicSort which partitions data and calculates a partial standard deviation for each partition to determine which of two sorting algorithms should be used to sort the partition. The algorithm is tested against Quicksort and radix sort on data sets of different sizes and standard deviation with the intent of finding advantages of the approach. In order to adapt to modern applications, the algorithm is tested in an environment utilizing parallel processing on multiple machines on data sets generated to mimic the characteristic size of big data. To accommodate this the data is divided at start and merged together after sorting using a k-way merge sort. While the tests conducted do not show any concrete gain in performance there are several factors that could be further optimized and evaluated. We find that it is not enough to simply consider the standard deviation in this approach. While no real instance of big data was used the algorithm was adapted for limited cache sizes and multiple hosts working in parallel.