The Code of Manu is one of the most important the field of Indian Ethics which we possess. It marked an important innovation in the field of ethical literature, and it was written at a time when the old order had just passed away and a new one was beginning. But the new order was essentially conservative. The Code was an attempt to recreate a society embodying values which had developed well over half a millenium before the time of Manu. [...]

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Student Number : 0311118P - MA research report - School of Social Sciences - Faculty of Arts / Land reform in Southern Africa has attracted a lot of attention from sovereign third world government and those of developed countries. This followed the invasion of commercial farms in Zimbabwe and has a bearing on Zimbabwe’s neighbours especially Namibia and South Africa. This paper examines why governments at times adhere to land reform within the rule of law and at times does not, resulting in strained donor-government relations. A comparison of government-donor relations in Zimbabwe and Namibia is explored. The crux of the argument is that land reform is damaging when the rule of law is flouted by governments. Strained relations are a result of ineffective agencies of restraint, lack of commitment by the governments, external donors and white commercial farmers to correct land injustices that came into existence as a result of settler colonialism.

Localization inside the human body using radio frequency (RF) transmission is gaining importance in a number of applications such as Capsule Endoscopy. The accuracy of RF localization depends on the technology adopted for this purpose. The two most common RF localization technologies use received signal strength (RSS) and time-of-arrival (TOA). This research presents a comparison of the accuracy of TOA and RSS based localization inside human tissue using computational techniques for simulation of radio propagation inside human tissues. Computer simulation of the propagation of radio waves inside the human body is extremely challenging and computationally intensive. We designed a basic, MATLAB coded, finite difference time-domain (FDTD) for the radio propagation in and around the human body and compared the results obtained from this software with the commonly used and commercially available Finite Element Method (FEM) modeling in Ansoft HFSS (ANSYS). We first show that the FDTD analysis yields comparable results. Then we use the software to simulate the RSS and TOA of the wideband signals propagated inside the human body for RF localization to compare the accuracies of the two methods. The accuracy of each technique is compared with the Cramer-Rao Lower Bound (CRLB) commonly used for calculation of bounds for the performance of localization techniques and the effects of human body movements.

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Cette thèse propose une perspective comparatiste pour étudier Acre et Alexandrie, aux XIIe et XIIIe siècles. La comparaison se nourrit des ressemblances et des divergences entre les deux villes. Elle se concentre cependant sur des aspects précis de leur histoire : les conflits et les échanges par le biais de leurs acteurs, de leurs impacts et de leurs conséquences à la fois sur chacune des deux cités et, plus largement, à l'échelle régionale de la Méditerranée orientale. Durant la période de domination latine en Terre Sainte, Acre et Alexandrie paraissent, à première vue, très différentes puisqu'elles s'inscrivent, au cours de cette période, dans deux sociétés disctinctes. Acre est gouvernée par une élite étrangère. Ses quartiers évoluent en fonction de conflits entre les factions occidentales et les privilèges qui leur sont accordés par le roi de Jérusalem. Alexandrie reste une ville orientale sur laquelle les Croisades ont peu d'impact. La démarche comparatiste permet une mise en cause de cette représentation trop approximative. Elle révèle à la fois d'autres différences et un certain nombre de similitudes dans l'évolution des deux villes. Le corpus disponible pour cette étude montre une transformation topographique importante d'Acre et d'Alexandrie au XIIIe siècle. Il permet également l'étude des systèmes servant à l'entretien des élites dans les deux cités ainsi que l'évolution du rôle des deux villes dans différents réseaux et espaces (la Méditerrranée, les villes portuaires à proximité, l'hinterland immédiat, les routes de pèlerinage et de commerce) en fonction des changements politiques, des conquêtes militaires, mais aussi du progrès technique. / This thesis offers a comparative study of Acre and Alexandria during the 12th and 13th centuries. The comparison draws on the similarities and differences between both cities. However, particular focus is given to some specific aspects in their history, especially through a study of the main players in conflicts and forms of exchange, and the impact and consequences of these on both cities as well as on the Eastern Mediterrranean. During the Latin domination of the Holy Land, Acre and Alexandria initially seem very different from one another because they were part of two distinct societies at this time. Acre was governed by a foreign elite. The town’s quarters evolved with the conflicts which opposed the different western factions inside the city, as well as the privileges that these groups received from the King of Jerusalem. Alexandria, on the other hand, remained an oriental city on which the Crusades had very little impact. This comparative study offers a broader view of their history, showing other differences between them as well as similarities in their historical development. The sources available for this research show important topographic development in Acre and Alexandria during the 13th century. They also contain information about the institutions allotted to support the local elites as well as on the evolving role of Acre and Alexandria within different networks and areas (the Mediterranean, nearby port cities, the immediate hinterland, trade and pilgrimage routes) in periods of political change, military conquests, but also of technical progress.

Spain has an intricate relationship with their previous colonies. Relationships built up through centuries of intermingling have resulted in favourable integration trajectories for migrants from previous colonies in comparison with migrants from other countries. First through explicit favourable legislation, however this changed when Spain entered the European Union, meaning that the legislation had to be in line with the idea of controlled migration followed by the European Union. However, through the culturization, laborization and the criminalization of migration, it could be argued that migrants from previous colonies are still more favoured in comparison with migrants from different regions, exemplified by riots fueled by racism against labour migrants from North Africa in El Ejido in 2000. Besides the relationship with their previous colonies, Spain also has a long history with Northern Africa in which Maurophobia has played a significant role. This comparative case study compares the integration trajectory of two different migrant groups from both Latin America and Africa within Spain, more specifically into the local context of La Coruña. Even though Spain, and in the broader perspective the EU, are the authorities which create the legislation regarding migration and integration, the local authorities are the ones responsible for the implementation of these legislations. This study aims to demonstrate the importance of the analysis of integration in the local context as these could vastly differ from place to place, even within the borders of a nation-state. This case study compares the integration trajectory of Senegalese and Peruvian migrants within the context of La Coruña regarding access to the welfare state and the labour market.

Master's thesis explores the behavior of real estate agents, real estate market features and its specifics. Thesis monitors selling of properties from the perspective of the seller and the buyer. It is focused on advices for succesfull sale of the property and it is describing, what could affect the selling process. Practical part is focused on pre-sale services, correct marketing when selling a property and it closely describes pitfalls of estate agencies.

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