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'PALM' is an acronym of Pathway Language of Mapping, which is inspired by the movement of the northern lights (aurora borealis). The display dynamic patterns of brilliant lights that appear as curtains, rays, spiral, or dynamic flickers covering the entire sky. These moving visual images are resembled in the terms of sound spectra, which allow actualizing a temporal sonic world in panoramic sound landscape is heard as moving texture and timbre in twenty one groups under ten large shifts. To succeed in an approach of the listening perception, the groups of movements by frequency modulations in interlacing texture are shaped selectively through the observation of the 24-hour cycle live cam of the northern lights.

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This dissertation comprises two parts: an original composition, Concerto for Piano and Orchestra; and an essay that analyzes the form of Prokofiev’s Piano Concerto No. 1 in D-flat Major, op. 10. Concerto for Piano and Orchestra is cast in three movements and scored in two versions: In “Version A,” members of the orchestra are at times called on to use their voices to sustain the phonemes [m], [ŋ], and [v] on pitch and to create an intense whisper on the vowel [æ]. “Version B” is an alternative realization that uses instruments only. The first movement, unable to produce a recapitulation and continually interrupted at decreasing intervals of time by increasingly intense outbursts from percussion, brass, and wind instruments, is an extreme deformation of a sonata-concerto form. It proceeds attacca to the second movement, which is built in a large ternary form. The third movement is a concerto adaptation of James Hepokoski and Warren Darcy’s “expanded Type 1” sonata form. The concerto’s total duration is approximately 30 minutes. The essay considers the form of Prokofiev’s Piano Concerto No. 1 from the perspective of Hepokoski and Darcy’s Sonata Theory, as laid out in their seminal 2006 treatise. It finds that Prokofiev’s Piano Concerto No. 1 is a highly individualized instance of Hepokoski and Darcy’s “Type 3” sonata form with introduction-coda frame. The essay’s analysis is preceded by a glimpse at Prokofiev’s experiences with sonata form during his youth, as well as brief reviews of the conceptual backdrop of concerto form as Prokofiev would have received it and of the basics of Sonata Theory. / Music Composition / Accompanied by one .pdf score: Concerto for Piano and Orchestra.

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Prediction of body composition was assessed in thirty-eight female and thirty-seven male random source dogs using in vivo methods of deuterium oxide dilution, subjective and objective morphometry, bioelectrical impedance and ultrasound, either separately or in various combinations. Carcass composition determined by chemical analyses of carcass homogenates served as criterion measures of body composition. Dogs were selected based on gender, body weight and body condition score. Body weight ranged from 7.3 to 34.5 kilograms (kg), subdivided into 4.5 kg increments with 6 female and 6 male dogs per increment. Body condition was categorized as thin, optimum or obese using a defined criteria, body condition scoring system (subjective morphometry) with 12 female and 12 male dogs per body condition category. Selection criteria produced 18 body weight condition groups with 2 female and 2 male dogs per group. One additional male and 2 female dogs were included for economic and ethical reasons. Equations to predict carcass composition from in vivo measurements were derived using standard regression techniques. Influence diagnostics, residual analysis and data splitting were used to validate predictive equations. Predictions from deuterium oxide dilution produced the most precise estimates of body composition. Average standard errors of estimation (SEE) from deuterium equations were 1.3, 1.8, 1.0, and 0.4 percent for percentages of body moisture, fat, protein and ash, respectively, and 0.39, 0.57,0.21 and 0.08 kg for absolute quantities of moisture, fat, protein and ash, respectively. Morphometry produced the most imprecise, but economical, estimates. Average SEE from morphometry equations for proportions were 3.0, 4.0, 1.3, and 0.4 percent, and 0.9, 0.9, 0.3 and 0.07 kg for absolute quantities of moisture, fat, protein and ash, respectively. Subjective morphometry could estimate body fat with an average SEE of 3.4 percent and correctly categorized 75 percent of the dogs. Bioelectrical impedance and ultrasound produced predictions with average SEE intermediate to deuterium and morphometry. Bioelectrical impedance was equivalent to deuterium dilution on the basis of cost per unit improvement in SEE, but ultrasound was not cost effective. / Ph. D.

The reliable measurement of growth and condition is vital for effective fisheries assessments. Biologists have long attempted to estimate condition for their assessments, but a reliable method to nonlethally estimate body composition is lacking. Proximate analysis is the most dependable and accurate method for estimating internal composition, but it is lethal, time consuming, and expensive. Recent research has shown bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) to be an effective method for estimating proximate composition in some fishes. The technique is quick, inexpensive, and, most importantly, nonlethal, which is vital when examining endangered species or cultured fish. My research focused on developing BIA indices for several new species of fish, using those indices to evaluate the body composition of fish in the field, and determining whether water temperature influenced resistance and reactance measurements. I found that BIA accurately estimated the body composition of bluegill Lepomis macrochirus, redear sunfish Lepomis microlophus, brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis, and northern logperch Percina caprodes (r2 ≥ 0.71, p < 0.0001). I also determined that bluegill and redear regressions were not significantly different (P ≥ 0.10) suggesting they can be used interchangeably during future studies. Laboratory studies revealed that water temperature did not significantly influence resistance and reactance measurements of bluegill, redear, and largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides (P ≥ 0.18). These results, along with previous literature, indicate that BIA may be an accurate and reliable assessment tool for fisheries biologists. / Master of Science

The purpose of this study was to review and present the traditional versus the progressive practices in the teaching of composition as presented in the articles written on the teaching of composition in The Elementary English Review, volumes VIII - XVIII, years, 1931-1941, inclusive.