Orientador: Kil Jin Park / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Agricola / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-08T01:25:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Maldonade_IrisRodrigues_M.pdf: 1445906 bytes, checksum: 945b97b2266f7d2e873bccd2181b847e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: A presente pesquisa focaliza as práticas educativas ambientais realizadas no período de 2001 a 2004, em Joaquim Egídio, Distrito da cidade de Campinas-SP. A partir da experiência do trabalho pedagógico do Centro Municipal de Educação Infantil-CEMEI Alexandre Sartori Faria, desse Distrito, seleciona-se os entrevistados pelo envolvimento e inserção que possuem na escola e no Distrito.Utiliza-se da pesquisa etnográfica, com enfoque nos aspectos qualitativos, com uso de técnicas de observação participante, de entrevista e de análise de documentos. A ênfase da entrevista se dá no relato oral dos entrevistados por esta permitir que o entrevistado use de seu conhecimento e de sua história de vida, selecionando os elementos necessários para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa. As entrevistas foram gravadas e transcritas, posteriormente, possibilitando a análise dos dados com o confronto da experiência do CEMEI, sob as categorias: Imaginário Rural e Urbano, Parcerias entre Poder Público e Privado, Relação Escola-Comunidade e Conceito de Educação Ambiental. Conclui-se que a sustentabilidade local é possível quando os membros da comunidade se inserem na vida cotidiana do Distrito, participando dos seus eventos e buscando na própria comunidade, articulações para enfrentar os problemas locais. Através da identificação com o local, as pessoas constroem o sentido de pertencimento que é fundamental para o desenvolvimento sustentável do local. A pesquisa finaliza com alguns apontamentos extraídos da análise dos dados, que podem ser pertinentes enquanto indicadores para possíveis Políticas Públicas a serem implementadas na região / Abstract: The present research studies the environmental educative practice carried through in the period of 2001 the 2004, in Joaquin Egídio, District of the city of Campinas-SP, Brazil. From the experience of the pedagogical work of the Municipal Centre of Infantile Education of this District, CEMEI-Alexander Sartori, the representing pupils of the traders and the agriculturist families were identified and selected for the interview. Ethnical research was used to study it considering the participant comments, document interview and analysis with approach in the qualitative aspects. The interviews had had emphasis in Verbal History for this to allow the interviewed one used its knowledge and its history of life, selecting the necessary elements for the development of the research. The interviews had been recorded and transcribing later, making possible the analysis of the data with the confrontation of the experience of the CEMEI, under the categories: Imaginary Agricultural and Urban, Partnerships between the Public and Private power, Relation School-Community and Concept of Ambient Education. It is concluded that the local maintenance is possible when the members of the community are inserted in the daily life of the District, beginning as participant of feasts up to joining to the community to face the local problems. Once the person identifies to the place, the feeling of belonging to the community is raised, which is essential to the sustainable development of the place. The research finishes with some extracted notes of the analysis of the data that can be pertinent for the Public Politics of the region / Mestrado / Tecnologia Pós-Colheita / Doutor em Engenharia Agrícola

Land under conservation is critical for biodiversity. South Africa has not achieved the Aichi 11 biodiversity target, which is set to allocate 17% of terrestrial land as protected areas by 2020. South Africa has, however, been an example, globally, how private conservation can fill the gap. It is essential to optimise how conservation businesses strategically plan for long-term financial and environmental sustainability taking into account complex environmental, societal, and industry variables to keep conservation areas viable under financial pressure. An inductive qualitatively driven concurrent mixed-method research design is followed and results synthesised using a systems thinking approach. The study investigates contemporary generic strategic planning frameworks such as the Porter’s five forces model but found them to have limited use in the conservation tourism industry. The critical variables conservation area managers need to include in their strategic planning are classed in five significant categories, namely environmental, societal, economic, industrial, and business variables. The research proposes a strategic planning framework which includes a strategic planning and iterative phase, taking into account the interrelatedness of the significant variables. / Grond onder bewaring is van kritieke belang vir biodiversiteit. Suid-Afrika het nie die Aichi 11-biodiversiteitsdoelwit bereik wat daarop gemik is om teen 2020 17% van die terrestriële grond as beskermde gebiede te verklaar nie. Suid-Afrika was egter wêreldwyd ’n voorbeeld van hoe privaat bewaring die leemte kan vul. Dit is noodsaaklik om die wyse waarop bewaringsondernemings strategies beplan vir langtermyn finansiële en omgewingsvolhoubaarheid te optimaliseer, met inagname van ingewikkelde omgewings-, samelewings- en nywerheidsfaktore om bewaringsareas onder finansiële druk lewensvatbaar te hou. ’n Induktiewe kwalitatief-gedrewe gelyktydige gemengde-metode navorsingsontwerp word gevolg en resultate met behulp van 'n sisteem denkebenadering gesintetiseer. Die studie ondersoek eietydse generiese strategiese beplanningsraamwerke soos Porter se vyf-kragte-model, maar het bevind dat hulle beperkte toepassing in die bewaringstoerismebedryf het. Die kritieke veranderlikes wat bewaringsgebiedbestuurders in hulle strategiese beplanning moet insluit, word in vyf belangrike kategorieë, naamlik omgewings-, samelewings-, ekonomiese-, nywerheids- en sakefaktore, ingedeel. Die navorsing stel ’n strategiese beplanningsraamwerk voor wat ’n strategiese beplannings- en iteratiewe fase insluit en van die onderlinge verband tussen die belangrike veranderlikes in ag neem. / Umhlaba ophantsi kwenkqubo yolondolozo-ndalo ufuneka kakhulu ekwandiseni ubukho beendidi-ndidi zendalo. UMzantsi Afrika awukafikeleli kwiThagethi LaseAichi Le-11 leendidi-ndidi zendalo, lokusikwa kweendawo ezifika kwi-17% yomhlaba ongengomanzi zibe ziindawo ezikhuselweyo engadlulanga u-2020. Nakuba kunjalo, uMzantsi Afrika uye wangumzekelo, kumazwe-onke, wendlela esingavalwa ngayo esi sikhewu lulondolozo lwabucala. Kuyafuneka kakhulu ukuba ziqiniswe iindlela zamashishini olondolozo-ndalo zokucwangcisa ngobulumko esenzela ukuba imali kwaneendawo-zendalo zihlale ixesha elide. Oku kuqiniswa makwenziwe ngokuthathela ingqalelo iimeko-meko ezingelula zemo-yendalo, nezentlalo-bantu, nezalo msebenzi wolondolozo, ukuze iindawo zolondolozo-ndalo zigcineke zisebenza nakumaxesha okushokoxeka kwemali. Olu phando lwenziwe ngokohlobo-phando oluyi-inductive qualitative research kunye nomxube weemethodi, zaza iziphumo zaxelwa ngokwendlela eyisystems thinking approach. Olu phando luphicothe izikhokelo zocwangciso olunobulumko eziludidi-lunye zexesha elinye, ezinjenge Porter’s five forces. Kodwa lufumanise ukuba ziyasilela kulo msebenzi wolondolozo nokhenketho. Iimeko-meko ezingundoqo ekufanele ukuba zisetyenziswe ngoomanejala beendawo zolondolozo-ndalo kwizicwangciso ezinobulumko zabo zihlelwe zaba kwizintlu ezibalulekileyo ezintlanu, ezizezi: ezeendawo-zendalo, ezentlalo-bantu, ezoqoqosho, ezalo msebenzi, nezamashishini. Olu phando ke luphakamisa isikhokelo socwangciso olunobulumko esiquka ucwangciso ngobulumko olunesigaba sophinda-phindo, nesikuthathela ingqalelo ukuphinyelana kodlelwano lwezi meko-meko zibalulekileyo. / Environmental Sciences / Ph. D. (Environmental Management)

Contemporary conservation and development understanding in both policy and academic circles espouses that natural resources have a significant contribution to the livelihoods of local people and that knowledge of this can better foster conservation policies that are consistent with livelihood and ecological needs. This thesis is based on research conducted in the southern Kalahari region, South Africa among the San and Mier communities bordering Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park. It looks at the importance of natural resources to the San and Mier community groups and ascertains the extent of resource use and its value within broader livelihood portfolios. It also focuses on the cultural values of natural resources and interactions among institutions and actors and how these shape natural resource governance and livelihood outcomes. Overall, natural resources represent an important livelihood source contributing up to 32 % and 9 % of the total income of the San and Mier respectively or up to 46 % and 23 % if livestock incomes are included. However, the dependence on, diversification patterns and distribution of natural resource income vary substantially between and within the two communities. With regards to the cultural values attached to natural resources by the San and Mier, the findings show that these arise from an incredibly diverse and sometimes conflicting array of values that punctuate the two communities’ way of life and they are inextricably linked to resource use. Lastly, governance of natural resources in the co-managed Park and communitymanaged resettlement farms is characterised by complex institutional arrangements, compounded by the existence of multiple actors that have multiple and sometimes conflicting objectives – as shaped by different meanings and interpretations of natural resources. Heightened inter- and intra-community conflicts are common, notably resource use conflicts between the San and Mier and between the San ‘modernist’ and ‘traditionalist’ groups. This demonstrates that the communities’ livelihood dynamics in general and the dependence on natural resources in particular, are closely linked with ecological, economic and social factors including history, culture and present livelihood needs. By exploring the social-environment interactions, the study highlights the complexities and diversity of resource use for livelihoods that should be taken into consideration for both conservation and development policy interventions and research. The main argument of the study is that the contribution of natural resources to local livelihood portfolios in co- and community-managed areas, can be better understood through a consideration of cultural dynamics and institutional arrangements since these condition natural resource access, value and use.