Thesis (Ph. D.)--Cornell University. / "Partial list of sources used in preparing this thesis": p. 175-177.

Thesis (PH.D.)--Cornell University, 1917. / Reproduction of original from Harvard Law School Library. "Partial list of sources used in preparing this thesis": p. 175-177.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Columbia University. / Vita. Published also as Studies in history, economics and public law, edited by the Faculty of political science of Columbia university, vol. XXVII, no. 3.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Cornell University. / "Partial list of sources used in preparing this thesis": p. 175-177.

Over the last ten years a series of empirical studies have been published that claim to test by statistical methods whether corporations, faced with the imposition of a tax on their business income, can in the short-term increase the gross profits so as to maintain their net of tax rate of return on capital. These studies have used various methods but the results yield contradictory evidence as to whether the proposition could or could not be accepted as having validity. The results suggested that a fresh look at the theoretical analysis on the corporate tax be undertaken. The methodology followed was to make a series of simplifying assumptions such that focus could be directed towards an examination of decision-making within the firm and within the industry on which the tax was imposed. For the firm the effective rate of tax is dependent not only upon the statutory rate of tax but also upon the depreciation provisions in force; with an effective tax rate greater than zero, the tax ceteris paribus reduces the rate of return on investment projects. However, it was found that to gain fuller results as to the effect of the tax, more detailed specification of the environment within which the firm operates is needed. The classical models of pure competition and pure monopoly were studied; short-run profit maximisation is assumed in such models. The tax imposition led to the prediction that the after-tax rate of return fell in the short-run; in the long-run if the tax imposed on normal profits, capital moved out of the industry. Consideration was then given to oligopolistic industries. Profit maximisation was still assumed, but with the realisation that over the planning horizon the firm, departures from full short-run profit maximisation were probable. The reasons for such behaviour were examined. The tax was then imposed. In particular cases the tax affected the constraints to allow price increases and an increase in the gross rate of return. In others the constraints remained unchanged and no short-run alleviating action was possible. Relaxation of the assumptions of the theoretical analysis was then allowed, so that testable predictions could be put forward. Several of the recent studies were then examined to see whether their framework, data and estimating equations were adequate to test the hypotheses put forward. The conclusion drawn was that the use of annual time series over forty years was inadequate for such a purpose. / Arts, Faculty of / Vancouver School of Economics / Graduate

Providing incentives to foster industrialization has been much in vogue in the developing countries in recent years. It is felt that, in the spree of enthusiasm to provide incentives to industries, the question of whether these incentives are appropriate to the economic problems at hand may not always be considered by the national government to the extent they desired. This study deals specifically with the tax incentives by way of corporate income taxation in Canada and Singapore. The purpose of this comparative study is to draw out the significant similarities and differences in the economic backgrounds and approaches by a system of tax incentives to assist in solving the underlying economic difficulties. It appears that in Canada incentives by way of corporate income taxation may not have had the anticipated impact on the Canadian economy. Many of the Canadian tax incentives seem to be too short-lived to influence long-term business investment decisions. In Singapore, possibly because of the urgency of its economic problems, the tax incentive legislation permits a long term use of the incentives which may therefore have a greater impact in influencing the long-term structure of the economy. The conclusion has been reached that in spite of the vastly marked social, economic and geographic differences between the two countries they have, however, employed substantially similar incentives to varying extent to stimulate the economies toward industrial development, although the economic environments of the two countries seem to require different approaches. / Business, Sauder School of / Graduate

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Thesis (Ph.D.) -- Virginia Commonwealth University, 2005. / Prepared for: Dept. of Accounting. Bibliography: leaves 85-93. Also available online.

M.Comm. / The purpose of this study is to determine the tax implications of mergers and acquisitions. and more specifically the tax implications of the selling and purchasing of assets and shares. Mergers and acquisitions Mergers and acquisitions are two methods to combine companies. Both will lead to a business combination. It can mean that either the assets or the shares of the acquiree are purchased. The sale and purchase of assets or shares When two or more companies decide to merge. the one company can acquire the assets of the other compan). The purchase and sale of intellectual property and goodwill are important during mergers and acquisitions. Other assets like trading stock. debtors and bad debts and fixed assets will also be purchased and sold.