Examination of the context of record creation, maintenance, and use is a valuable tool which allows the archivist to build a body of knowledge regarding archival records and their creators. Such knowledge enables the archivist to make informed decisions in all realms of archival practice. This discussion focuses upon the women's organization, undertaking a case study of three organizations in Vancouver, British Columbia in order to provide information about their record keeping practices. The case study employs open-ended focus interviews, observation, and document analysis, where provided. Participants are selected based upon their involvement in the creation, maintenance, and use of records in their respective organizations. They are asked to provide information as to the administrative history of the organization and to describe the processes by which they receive, create, use, organize, maintain, and destroy records. Participants are also asked to characterize their organization and its record keeping practices as they relate to the concept of a women's organization. A framework for analysis is established, which allows for further characterization of each women's organization. This framework addresses the voluntary nature of most women's organizations, as well as their unique processes and forms. Three models are presented which allow for further characterization of the history, structure, and practices of each organization. The distinctive internal processes, forms, and record keeping practices of the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom, the Western Businesswomen's Association, and the West Coast Women's Legal Education and Action Fund are presented. The thesis concludes by providing recommendations regarding further explorations of record creation, maintenance, and use and their value for the archival profession. / Arts, Faculty of / Library, Archival and Information Studies (SLAIS), School of / Graduate

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Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2000. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study is to explore Marcus Tullius Cicero's awareness and interpretation of contemporary political events as reflected in his private correspondence during the last years of both the Roman republic and his own life. Cicero's correspondence gives a detailed view of current political events in Rome and constitutes, with Caesar's own narrative, our major contemporary evidence for the circumstances of the civil war of 49 BC. The dissertation takes as Leitmotiv Cicero's own judgement of the state as 'sacrificial victim' to the ambitions of individual politicians, with as metaphor his examination of a 'dying' body politic in the manner of a haruspex inspecting the entrails of a sacrificial animal. It poses the question whether Cicero understood the message of political decline signalled by the 'entrails' of the 'carcass' of the res publica, and whether this ability in its turn enabled him to anticipate future political development in Rome. In what follows, the theoretical input of Cicero's predecessors, their perceptions of constitutional development, and of Roman politics in particular, as well as Cicero's own perception of their political theories will be considered in order to determine the extent of Cicero's awareness of a larger pattern of political events, and how consistent he was in his analyses of such patterns, that is, to what extent Cicero may be considered seriously as a political analyst. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die oogmerk van die verhandeling is om vas te stel of Marcus Tullius Cicero met reg daaop kan aanspraak maak dat hy eietydse politieke gebeure sinvol kon interpreteer as die manifestering van 'n nuwe politieke stroming wat die voorkoms van die toekomstige Romeinse politieke toneel sou bepaal. Cicero se waarneming en begrip van eietydse politieke gebeure in die laaste paar jaar van die Romeinse Republiek en sy eie lewe word tekenend weerspieël in sy persoonlike briefwisseling uit die tydperk 51 tot 43 v.C. As historiese dokument bied hierdie korrespondensie, as primêre bronmateriaal, naas die behoue kontemporêre beriggewing van Julius Caesar, die enigste ander kontemporêre getuienis vir die uitbreek en nadraai van die burgeroorlog van 49 v.C. Die sentrale tema van die verhandeling is Cicero se persepsie van die Romeinse staat as die 'slagoffer' van magsugtige politieke rolspelers. Cicero se rol as waarnemer en politieke analis word uitgebeeld deur die metafoor van 'n haruspex (profeet) wat die 'ingewande' van die 'karkas' van die gestorwe Romeinse Republiek ondersoek. Die kernvraag wat gestel word is, of Cicero inderdaad daartoe in staat was om die boodskap van politieke verandering raak te lees, die implikasies daarvan te begryp en daarvolgens 'n beredeneerde toekomsprojeksie van die Romeinse politieke toneel te maak. Om te bepaal of Cicero meriete verdien as 'n politieke analis, word die volgende kriteria as toetsstene gebruik: die teoretiese insette van Cicero se voorgangers en sy beheersing van sodanige politieke teoretisering, die mate waarin hy konsekwent en objektief kon oordeel, en die mate waarin hy teorie en die praktiese werklikheid van die Romeinse politieke situasie kon integreer.

Η παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία ασχολείται με πολυδιάστατα κατηγορικά δεδομένα όπως αυτά προκύπτουν από συλλογή μέσω ερωτηματολογίων. Για να αναλυθεί όμως ένα ερωτηματολόγιο το οποίο περιλαμβάνει πλήθος ερωτήσεων-μεταβλητών και να εξάγουμε ορισμένα χρήσιμα συμπεράσματα θα πρέπει, πρώτα από όλα να γίνει η κατάλληλη κωδικοποίηση των δεδομένων. Χρησιμοποιώντας στατιστικές τεχνικές και μεθόδους κατάλληλες για κατηγορικά δεδομένα μπορούμε πιο εύκολα να μελετήσουμε τις σχέσεις μεταξύ των μεταβλητών. Για τον σκοπό αυτό, παρουσιάζουμε και αναλύουμε τη θεωρία της Παραγοντικής Ανάλυσης των Αντιστοιχιών και της Πολλαπλής Παραγοντικής Ανάλυσης των Αντιστοιχιών. Ύστερα, αναλύουμε τα αποτελέσματα που δίνουν οι μέθοδοι όταν τις χρησιμοποιήσουμε για την ανάλυση του ερωτηματολογίου. Τα συμπεράσματα που προκύπτουν έχουν ιδιαίτερο ενδιαφέρον. Η δυναμικότητα των μοντέλων αυτών παρουσιάζεται μέσα από μία εφαρμογή από τον χώρο των κοινωνικών επιστημών σε θέματα που αφορούν τα σχολεία και τους μαθητές της Πρωτοβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης. Στις μεθόδους αυτές δίνεται έμφαση κυρίως στα γραφικά αποτελέσματα αλλά και στις εκτιμήσεις των σκορ των κατηγοριών των μεταβλητών. Όλα τα παραπάνω τα συγκρίνουμε κριτικά μεταξύ τους στη θεωρία και στη πράξη έτσι ώστε ο ενδιαφερόμενος αναγνώστης να κατανοήσει περισσότερο τις μεθόδους αυτές και να αποκομίσει όσο το δυνατόν περισσότερες πληροφορίες που θα τον βοηθήσουν για την εφαρμογή τους. / This dissertation deals with multivariate categorical data of a raw data set produced by a questionnaire designed for a research purpose. However, in order to analyze a questionnaire and extract some fruitful results, that includes a great number of questions-variables, we must first impose a structure on it especially on situations this specific structure is missing. Whenever the structure is imposed, by using statistical techniques and methods designed for categorical data, we can then study more efficiently the relations among the variables in concern for further analyses. The capacity of these models is presented through an application from the social sciences on issues concerning schools and pupils in primary education. The analysis on a smaller subset is further explored by describing the issues of Correspondence Analysis, and Multiple Correspondence Analysis. With these methods, we focus on the interpretation of the results on the graphical displays of the data but also on the estimated category scores of the variables. The above methods described in this dissertation and the results after implementing them are all critically compared with each other at each chapter. This gives to the interesting reader the possibility to fully understand them and to obtain additional information on their implementation.

Using the AdS/CFT correspondence, we study the anisotropic transport properties of both supersymmetric and non-supersymmetric matter fields on (2+1)-dimensional defects coupled to a (3+1)-dimensional N=4 SYM "heat bath". We address on the one hand the purely conformal defect where the only non-vanishing background field that we turn on is a "topological", parameter parametrizing the impact on the bulk. On the other hand we also address the case of a finite external background magnetic field, finite net charge density and finite mass. We find in the purely conformal limit that the system possesses a conduction threshold given by the wave number of the perturbation and that the charge transport arises from a quasiparticle spectrum which is consistent with an intuitive picture where the defect acquires a finite width in the direction of the SYM bulk. We also examine finite-coupling modifications arising from higher derivative interactions in the probe brane action. In the case of finite density, mass and magnetic field, our results generalize the conformal case. We discover at high frequencies a spectrum of quasiparticle resonances due to the magnetic field and finite density and at small frequencies a Drude-like expansion around the DC limit. Both of these regimes display many generic features and some features that we attribute to strong coupling, such as a minimum DC conductivity and an unusual behavior of the "cyclotron" and plasmon frequencies, which become correlated to the resonances found in the conformal case. We further study the hydrodynamic regime and the relaxation properties, in which the system displays a set of different possible transitions to the collisionless regime. The mass dependence can be cast in two regimes: a generic relativistic behavior dominated by the UV and a non-linear hydrodynamic behavior dominated by the IR. In the massless case, we also extend earlier results to find an interesting duality under the transformation of the conductivity and the exchange of density and magnetic field. Furthermore, we look at the thermodynamics and the phase diagram, which reproduces general features found earlier in 3+1 dimensional systems and demonstrates stability in the relevant phase.

Using the AdS/CFT correspondence, we study the anisotropic transport properties of both supersymmetric and non-supersymmetric matter fields on (2+1)-dimensional defects coupled to a (3+1)-dimensional N=4 SYM "heat bath". We address on the one hand the purely conformal defect where the only non-vanishing background field that we turn on is a "topological", parameter parametrizing the impact on the bulk. On the other hand we also address the case of a finite external background magnetic field, finite net charge density and finite mass. We find in the purely conformal limit that the system possesses a conduction threshold given by the wave number of the perturbation and that the charge transport arises from a quasiparticle spectrum which is consistent with an intuitive picture where the defect acquires a finite width in the direction of the SYM bulk. We also examine finite-coupling modifications arising from higher derivative interactions in the probe brane action. In the case of finite density, mass and magnetic field, our results generalize the conformal case. We discover at high frequencies a spectrum of quasiparticle resonances due to the magnetic field and finite density and at small frequencies a Drude-like expansion around the DC limit. Both of these regimes display many generic features and some features that we attribute to strong coupling, such as a minimum DC conductivity and an unusual behavior of the "cyclotron" and plasmon frequencies, which become correlated to the resonances found in the conformal case. We further study the hydrodynamic regime and the relaxation properties, in which the system displays a set of different possible transitions to the collisionless regime. The mass dependence can be cast in two regimes: a generic relativistic behavior dominated by the UV and a non-linear hydrodynamic behavior dominated by the IR. In the massless case, we also extend earlier results to find an interesting duality under the transformation of the conductivity and the exchange of density and magnetic field. Furthermore, we look at the thermodynamics and the phase diagram, which reproduces general features found earlier in 3+1 dimensional systems and demonstrates stability in the relevant phase.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T20:30:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 4567.pdf: 1896315 bytes, checksum: 549385fb0478b0c3c528741ff199781e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-29 / Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais / The present proposal is based on the assumption that verbal responding is an operant behavior established and maintained by reinforcement contingencies. Study 1 evaluated the effects of three different correspondence training methods on the maintenance of eleven children s accurate self-report. Doing consisted of reading aloud a written word presented on a computer s screen. Saying consisted of reporting on the accuracy of the textual response after the computer s automated feedback. Following report accuracy evaluation, participants were assigned to different correspondence training methods. Five children were exposed to Training A (continuous reinforcement), three to Training B (continuous and intermittent reinforcement plus instructions), and the remaining were exposed to Training C (continuous and intermittent reinforcement only). After training criteria was met, participants were re-exposed to report accuracy evaluation sessions. Follow-up sessions were then conducted 30 and 60 days later. All training methods were effective in maintaining accurate self-reports for eight participants. Low accuracy during initial sessions (report accuracy evaluation) seemed to predict low maintenance over time. Study 2 investigated the role of the audience (computer, experimenter, and peer) on children s self-report accuracy. Participants were six children who exhibited high do-say correspondence during report accuracy evaluation sessions. The Audience Test evaluated the frequency of accurate reports as a function of different audiences. Only the correct and accurate reports were followed by points. The amount of points required to obtain the high preferred item, however, was higher than the amount received during the session. At the end of each session, participants reported how many points they obtained. Self-report accuracy was evaluated in three conditions: while engaging in the task, while reporting to the audiences, and while choosing the item. Five out of six participants self-report accuracy decreased in at least one of the three conditions as a function of the different audience s presence. After correspondence training was conducted, previous do-say correspondence levels were recovered. Audience seemed to be a relevant controlling variable on children s self-report accuracy since the presence of different audiences controlled different patterns of correspondence. Study 3 investigated the effects of errors on six children s self-report accuracy as a function of the nature of the task (academic and nonacademic), and verified generalization of a do-say correspondence training across tasks. Doing consisted of reading aloud written words, playing a computer game, announcing the result of mathematical operations, and naming different auditory or visual stimuli related to music. During baseline, the frequency of corresponding reports was evaluated as a function of the different tasks presented. Correspondence training was conducted, initially, only to the task in which participants exhibited the lowest levels of accuracy. After training criteria was met, generalized dosay correspondence of untrained tasks was then tested. Academic tasks produced the lowest levels of correspondence during baseline sessions. Four out of six children exhibited generalized say-do correspondence after the first correspondence training employed and the remaining, after a second training was conducted. Results indicated do-say correspondence as a generalized operant behavior. / O presente estudo apóia-se na suposição de que o responder verbal é um comportamento operante estabelecido e mantido por contingências de reforçamento. O Estudo 1 avaliou os efeitos de três diferentes treinos de correspondência na manutenção de relatos acurados de onze crianças. Fazer consistiu em ler em voz alta uma palavra apresentada na tela do computador. Dizer consistiu em relatar sobre a acurácia da resposta textual após o feedback do computador. Após a Avaliação da Correspondência do Relato (ACR), os participantes foram distribuídos entre os tipos de treino. Cinco foram expostos ao Treino A (reforçamento contínuo), três ao Treino B (reforçamento contínuo e intermitente com instruções) e os restantes foram expostos ao Treino C (apenas reforçamento contínuo e intermitente). Depois de atingido o critério de treino, os participantes foram novamente expostos a sessões de ACR. Sessões de follow up foram conduzidas 30 e 60 dias após o término do experimento. Todos os tipos de treino foram eficazes em manter relatos correspondentes para oito participantes. Baixos níveis de acurácia durante as sessões iniciais (ACR) pareceram predizer baixos níveis de manutenção ao longo do tempo. O Estudo 2 investigou o papel da audiência (computador, experimentador e colega) sobre a acurácia do relato de crianças. Os participantes foram seis crianças que apresentaram altos níveis de correspondência fazer-dizer durante as sessões de ACR. O teste de audiência avaliou a frequência de relatos acurados em função das diferentes audiências. Apenas os relatos correspondentes de acerto receberam pontos nesta fase. O total de pontos requerido para obter os itens de maior preferência era, entretanto, maior que o total recebido durante a sessão. Ao final de cada sessão, os participantes relatavam quantos pontos obtiveram. A acurácia do relato foi avaliada em três condições: durante a execução da tarefa, durante o relato para a audiência e durante a escolha do brinde. A acurácia do relato de cinco dos seis participantes diminuiu, em pelo menos uma das três condições, em função da presença das diferentes audiências. Depois que o treino de correspondência foi conduzido, os níveis prévios de correspondência fazer-dizer foram restabelecidos. A audiência pareceu ser variável relevante no controle da acurácia do relato de crianças dado que a presença de diferentes audiências controlou diferentes padrões de correspondência. O Estudo 3 investigou os efeitos do erro na acurácia do relato de seis crianças em função da natureza da tarefa (acadêmica ou não acadêmica) e verificou a generalização do treino de correspondência fazer-dizer entre tarefas. Fazer consistiu em ler palavras escritas, jogar um jogo computadorizado, enunciar o resultado de operações matemáticas e nomear diferentes estímulos visuais ou aditivos relacionados à música. Durante a linha de base, a frequência de relatos correspondentes foi avaliada em função das diferentes tarefas. O treino de correspondência foi conduzido, inicialmente, apenas para a tarefa na qual os participantes apresentaram os menores níveis de acurácia. Depois de atingido o critério do treino, a generalização da correspondência para as tarefas não treinadas foi testada. As tarefas acadêmicas produziram os menores níveis de correspondência durante as sessões de linha de base. Quatro dos seis participantes exibiram generalização da correspondência após um primeiro treino de correspondência e os participantes restantes, após o segundo treino. Os resultados parecem indicar a correspondência fazer-dizer como comportamento operante generalizado.

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Orientador: Marisa Philbert Lajolo / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-16T08:43:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Albieri_ThaisdeMattos_D.pdf: 8306861 bytes, checksum: 3546c3a69e0d215d69491fa334e71bb4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Resumo: A pesquisa intitulada "São Paulo - Buenos Aires: a trajetória de Monteiro Lobato na Argentina" visa a estudar as relações entre o escritor brasileiro e os intelectuais argentinos contemporâneos do autor, em um período que se estende de 1919 - ano da primeira carta vinda da Argentina - até 1948, depois que Lobato passou 12 meses na capital portenha, entre 1946 e 1947, tornou-se sócio de uma editora, publicou o livro infantil La Nueva Argentina e, após sua volta ao Brasil, continuou a negociar a publicação de suas obras. Para tanto, cartas, artigos, documentos de editoras e livros são pesquisados na tentativa de compor estas relações nos dois países. Em 1921, Urupês foi traduzido para o castelhano, pelo argentino Benjamín de Garay, e anunciado nas páginas da Revista do Brasil, de propriedade de Monteiro Lobato desde 1918, que por sua vez, publicava textos de intelectuais do país vizinho, sobre política, economia e principalmente literatura. Essa "troca" de informações literário-culturais entre Brasil e Argentina tem como base a noção de sistema literário, tal como a concebe Antonio Candido em A Formação da Literatura Brasileira / Abstract: Not informed / Doutorado / Historia e Historiografia Literaria / Doutor em Teoria e História Literária