Objective: To provide a more innovative review of the published paper on rabies to better inform and guide developing countries in planning long-term rabies prevention campaigns. Methods: All articles that described the rabies situation and controlling measures in developing countries and published between 01/01/2000 and 31/07/2013 in Pubmed and ISI Web of Knowledge were searched by using specific terms and setting limits, and finally included in this review after being methodological quality assessment. Results: A total of 10 reviews out of 7383 articles were included in this systematic review. Rabies remains a serious public health problem in developing areas which substantially affects their animal welfare, economic and human health. The situation of rabies in these areas is usually characterized by a high rate of human mortalities, with an annual estimate of more than 30,000. India is affected by rabies the most, suffering from rabies with at least 20,000 rabies deaths reported every year. However, only a few developing countries showed a reduction on human rabies deaths through implementing effective programmes during the last decades. In order to successfully control and eliminate rabies deaths in developing countries, some important tasks should be taken into account, such as cost-effective vaccines, dog rabies control, sensitive surveillance system and so on. Discussion, Conclusion: Since the rabies is prevalent in most developing countries, national rabies control and elimination calls for efforts from all sides. Nevertheless, it is believed that rabies elimination would be achievable in developing areas if vaccines can be improved, efficient control programmes can be undertaken and more inside and outside support can be received. / published_or_final_version / Public Health / Master / Master of Public Health

published_or_final_version / Electrical and Electronic Engineering / Master / Master of Philosophy

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This thesis proposes an original framework for the analysis of third world informal finance. It will be supported by a comprehensive survey of the associated literature. Specifically, most mainstream interpretations of informal finance adhere to a dualist paradigm that revolves around three key assumptions. First that informal firms are less efficient than formal firms in conducting financial transactions, second that their activities are protected from formal competition due to segmented financial markets, and finally that the economic impact of informal finance is inferior to an overall formal system. Yet much of the qualitative evidence of informal finance contradict these assumptions and limit the validity of dualist interpretations. The dualist conclusion that informal finance is a transitory phenomenon can therefore be derailed, leaving room for a more open ended interpretation of contemporary financial informality.

Over the ages, rural women in subsistence and near-subsistence economies have maintained a sustainable relationship with the environment. This has been manifested in their different roles as users, producers, managers, and income providers. However, the introduction of Western-style development emulating the growth patterns of the North has not only overlooked the needs of the environment but also the needs and knowledge of women. The uninhibited exploitation of nature through development has started eroding the environment. In addition, with the marginalization of women from development schemes, women's cultural, social, economic, and legal status has regressed even further than it was. With no appropriate education, these women have been left defenceless in their confrontation with a changing and frequently adverse environment. / Although literature abounds with studies on women, education, and the environment, few studies attempt to link the three together within the framework of sustainable development. This information gap seems to have hindered development projects from implementing education programs targeting women and focusing on the environment. / This study seeks to fill this information gap. Based on rural women's holistic vision of development, it highlights the necessity of empowering women with a participatory, multifaceted, and integrated nonformal education, which targets gender equity as well as environmental protection and regeneration.

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The study examines the rationale and application of good governance principles in the public sector. For the purpose of this study, the public sector refers to a country’s administrative system or bureaucracy. This paper focuses on public sector reform in developing countries. The initial assumption is that public sector reform brings about efficient government. However, the study argues that only good governance brings about effective government. The argument presented in this study is that public sector reform is indeed conducive to providing efficient and effective service delivery to the citizen. However, it is also argued that it is important to find ways of assessing whether or not this is happening. In this respect, systems of monitoring and evaluation such as performance measurement become necessary tools of assessing how it contributes to good governance. / Thesis (M.Soc.Sc. (Policy and Development)) - University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2008.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1995. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 221-240). / Microfiche. / x, 240 leaves, bound 29 cm